автордың кітабын онлайн тегін оқу Essays for Studying
Essays for Studying
by Lukas
Nineteen Eighty-Four (1984) by George Orwell
To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee
Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury
These essays are written for the students who study a famous all over the world novels.
An essays contains basic facts from the writer’s (George Orwell, Harper Lee, Ray Bradbury) biographies, the plot of the books (anti-utopia 1984, To Kill a Mockingbird, Fahrenheit 451) are retold, and the main characters and ideas are characterized.
It is also shown how the books influenced the literary process and other writers.
• The only mistake George Orwell made in his anti-utopia 1984 was the date. A lot of things that he described as if happening in 1984 can be observed in the nowadays world. However, he depicted the future that everyone should be afraid of at any time. “I am sure that totalitarian idea lives in the consciousness of intellectuals everywhere, and I tried to follow this idea till the end. My story is set in England to emphasize that English speaking nations are not better than others and that the totalitarianism can win everywhere if it is not fought against”, George Orwell wrote not long before his death.
• To Kill a Mockingbird is an anti-racist novel, a historical drama of the Great Depression and a sublime example of the Southern writing tradition. A gripping, heart-wrenching, and wholly remarkable tale of coming-of-age in a South poisoned by virulent prejudice, it views a world of great beauty and savage inequities through the eyes of a young girl, as her father—a crusading local lawyer—risks everything to defend a black man unjustly accused of a terrible crime.
• The book's tagline explains the title: "Fahrenheit 451” – the temperature at which book paper catches fire, and burns..." In a terrifying care-free future, a young man, Guy Montag, whose job as a fireman is to burn all books, questions his actions after meeting a young woman and begins to rebel against society. Fahrenheit 451 is a dystopian novel by American writer Ray Bradbury, published in 1953.
George Orwell. Nineteen Eighty-Four (1984)
The essay for studying by Lukas
About the author
Eric Arthur Blair, who is more famous all around the world under his pen-name George Orwell, was born more than one hundred years ago, on 25 June 1903 in the town Motihari, British India in a family of an employee of the Opium Department of the Indian Civil Service.
The iconic story Animal Farm and the novel 1984 are his brightest works written in the anti-utopian genre that flourished in the 20th century. The pioneer of the anti-utopia is considered to be a Russian writer Yevgeny Zamyatin, whose novelWe influenced on the Orwell’s works and not less famous Aldous Huxley, the author of Brave New World. And what is more, it was Orwell, who came up with an expression the Cold War.
The father of a future writer held a position as if from the pages of a novel about the totalitarian hierarchic society, “the assistant of the senior manager’s junior deputy of the Opium Department”. That is why he could not provide his offspring with an expensive education. However, Eric Arthur Blair due to his abilities and determination managed to win a scholarship in Eton.
After graduating from the college, he served in the colonial police in Burma and tried to write in the genres of political journalism and fictional prose. Before he turned 30, Eric Arthur had lived on casual earnings, until he came to Paris, where his first, autobiographic story Down and Out in Paris and London, written under the pen-name George Orwell, was published.
His pen-name appeared not because he wanted to show off, but because it was necessary — his relatives did not share his left views.
The history of a pen-name is very simple: Orwell is the name of a small English river, and George is one of the most popular British names.
Later, for half a year the writer together with his wife fought in the war for the Left at the Aragon Front in the Spanish Civil war, he was injured in the neck by a frank sniper in Uesca.
Here his views suddenly changed. Orwell began to hate the policy of Stalin because he considered him to be an epitome of evil.
Orwell’s contemporary, a socialist Kingsley Martin, the editor of the New Statesman, wrote that Orwell looked at the USSR bitterly, with the eyes of a revolutionist disappointed in his child, and thought that the revolution in the Soviet Union had been betrayed.
During the Second World War, Orwell wanted to enlist in the army, but, because of the health condition (he had tuberculosis), he could not. He hosted an anti-fascist program on BBC.
Orwell is also famous for hot-blooded criticizing of the existed in the USSR regime. In the essay Why I Write (1946), Orwell pointed out: “Every line of the serious work that I had written since 1936 was directed, directly or not, against the totalitarianism and for the democratic socialism as I understand it.” Orwell sharply condemned Western authors, who identified socialism with the Soviet Union, in particular, George Bernard Show. Orwell was convinced that the countries which were going to build the socialism should not try to follow the Soviet Union, but, first of all, be afraid of it.
What would Orwell say about the modern digital information democracy where every person, like in the Book of Daniel, “is counted, weighed and considered”?
The most famous and scandalous event in
