автордың кітабын онлайн тегін оқу  Dialogues in French and English

William Caxton

Project Gutenberg's Dialogues in French and English, by William Caxton

This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with

almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or

re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included

with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.net

Title: Dialogues in French and English

Author: William Caxton

Editor: Henry Bradley

Release Date: June 24, 2009 [EBook #29214]

Language: English

*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK DIALOGUES IN FRENCH AND ENGLISH ***

Produced by Louise Hope, Greg Lindahl and the Online

Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net

This text uses UTF-8 (Unicode) file encoding. If the apostrophes and quotation marks in this paragraph appear as garbage, you may have an incompatible browser or unavailable fonts. First, make sure that your browser’s “character set” or “file encoding” is set to Unicode (UTF-8). You may also need to change the default font.

To preserve line numbering—used in Index entries—all line breaks in the primary text have been retained. Your browser may add extra line breaks, depending on window width.

Page numbers shown as “P. 3” are from Caxton, printed in the margin of the original, while plain numbers refer to the EETS edition. Page numbers in the Table of Contents are original. In the Indexes, page numbers ending in “b” denote column breaks in the printed book; numbers are shown in the right or left margin to match the e-text.

Typographical errors are shown in the text with

mouse-hover popups

. Not all differences between body text and Index (vocabulary lists) are noted. Numbering errors in the vocabulary lists are underlined like this. All brackets are in the original.

Introduction
Dialogues
English Words
French Words

Early English Text Society.

EXTRA SERIES, LXXIX.

Dialogues in French and English.

By WILLIAM CAXTON.

(Adapted from a Fourteenth-Century Book of Dialogues
in French and Flemish.)

 
 

EDITED FROM CAXTON’S PRINTED TEXT (ABOUT 1483), WITH
INTRODUCTION, NOTES, AND WORD-LISTS,

BY

HENRY BRADLEY, M.A.,

Joint-Editor of the New English Dictionary.

 
 

LONDON:

PUBLISHED FOR THE EARLY ENGLISH TEXT SOCIETY,

BY KEGAN PAUL, TRENCH, TRÜBNER & CO., Ltd.

PATERNOSTER HOUSE, CHARING CROSS ROAD.

MDCCCC.

Price Ten Shillings.

 
 

BERLIN: ASHER & CO., 13, UNTER DEN LINDEN.
NEW YORK: C. SCRIBNER & CO.; LEYPOLDT & HOLT.
PHILADELPHIA: J. B. LIPPINCOTT & CO.

 
 

 
 

Extra Series, No. LXXIX.

OXFORD: HORACE HART, M.A., PRINTER TO THE UNIVERSITY.

 
 

INTRODUCTION.

The work now for the first time reprinted from Caxton’s original edition has been preserved in three copies. One of these is in the Library of Ripon Cathedral, another in the Spencer Library, now at Manchester, and the third at Bamborough Castle. A small fragment, consisting of pp. 17-18 and 27-28, is in the Bodleian Library. The text of the present edition is taken from the Ripon copy. I have not had an opportunity of seeing this myself; but a type-written transcript was supplied to me by Mr. John Whitham, Chapter Clerk of Ripon Cathedral, and the proofs were collated with the Ripon book by the Rev. Dr. Fowler, Vice-Principal of Bishop Hatfield’s Hall, Durham, who was kind enough to re-examine every passage in which I suspected a possible inaccuracy. It is therefore reasonable to hope that the present reprint will be found to be a strictly faithful representation of the original edition.

The earlier bibliographers gave to the book the entirely inappropriate title of ‘Instructions for Travellers.’ Mr. Blades is nearer the mark in calling it ‘A Vocabulary in French and English,’ but, as it consists chiefly of a collection of colloquial phrases and dialogues, the designation adopted in the present edition appears to be preferable. As in other printed works of the same period, there is no title-page in the original edition, so that a modern editor is at liberty to give to the book whatever name may most accurately describe its character. The name of Caxton does not occur in the colophon, which merely states that the work was printed at Westminster; but the authorship is sufficiently certain from internal evidence. On the ground of the form of type employed, Mr. Blades inferred that the book was printed about 1483. However this may be, there are, as will be shown, decisive reasons for believing that it was written at a much earlier period.

A fact which has hitherto escaped notice is that Caxton’s book is essentially an adaptation of a collection of phrases and dialogues in French and Flemish, of which an edition was published by Michelant in 18751, from a MS. in the Bibliothèque Nationale.

The text of Caxton’s original cannot, indeed, have been precisely identical with that of the MS. used by Michelant. It contained many passages which are wanting in the Paris MS., and in some instances had obviously preferable readings. Caxton’s English sentences are very often servile translations from the Flemish, and he sometimes falls into the use of Flemish words and idioms in such a way as to show that his long residence abroad had impaired his familiarity with his native language. The French respaulme cet hanap, for instance, is rendered by ‘spoylle the cup.’ Of course the English verb spoylle never meant ‘to rinse’; Caxton was misled by the sound of the Flemish spoel. Caxton’s ‘after the house,’ as a translation of aual la maison (throughout the house), is explicable only by a reference to the Flemish version, which has achter huse. The verb formaketh, which has not elsewhere been found in English, is an adoption of the Flemish vermaect (repairs). Another Flemicism is Caxton’s whiler (= while ere) for ‘some time ago,’ in Flemish wilen eer. It is still more curious to find Caxton writing ‘it en is not,’ instead of ‘it is not’; this en is the particle prefixed in Flemish to the verb of a negative sentence. As is well known, Caxton’s translation of ‘Reynard the Fox’ exhibits many phenomena of a similar kind. From all the circumstances, we may perhaps conclude that Caxton, while still resident in Bruges, added an English column to his copy of the French-Flemish phrase-book, rather as a sort of exercise than with any view to publication, and that he handed it over to his compositors at Westminster without taking the trouble to subject it to any material revision.

The original work contains so many references to the city of Bruges that it is impossible to doubt that it was compiled there. According to Michelant, the Paris MS. was written in the first half of the fourteenth century. The MS. used by Caxton must itself have been written not later than the second decade of the fifteenth century; unless, indeed, it was an unaltered transcript from an older MS. The evidence on which this conclusion is based is somewhat curious. Caxton’s text contains two passages in which the pope is spoken of as still resident at Avignon. Now the ‘Babylonish captivity’ of the popes ended in 1378; and, even if we suppose that at Bruges the Avignon anti-popes were recognized by some persons to the very last, the latest date at which these passages could have been written is the year 1417. It is not easy to understand how it was possible for Caxton to leave uncorrected these references to a state of things which he must have known had long ceased to exist. The only explanation of the fact seems to be that, as has been suggested above, he sent his many years old MS. to the press without going over it again. It may be remarked that one of the Avignon passages does not occur in the text as printed by Michelant. As it would be absurd to suppose that it was introduced by Caxton himself, the inference is clear that his copy of the original work was fuller than that contained in the Paris MS. Probably Caxton may have added a few lines here and there—the mention of certain English towns and fairs on pp. 18-19, and that of English bishoprics on p. 23, for instance, were most likely inserted by him. But by far the greatest portion of the matter which is peculiar to Caxton’s form of the dialogues may be confidently ascribed to his original, on account of the frequent occurrence of passages in which, while the French is quite correct, the English translation shows imperfect understanding of the sense.

One of the most remarkable differences between Caxton’s form of the dialogues and that which is preserved in the Paris MS. consists in the transposition of several of the sections in that portion of the work to which the title ‘Le Livre des Mestiers’ is most properly applicable (pp. 24-44 of Caxton’s edition). In both versions the sections in this portion are arranged in the alphabetical order of the Christian names of the persons referred to; but the names connected with particular employments are not always the same in the two versions. Thus in Michelant the bowyer is called Filbert, in Caxton he is Guillebert; in Michelant the carpenter is Henri, in Caxton Lambert; in Michelant the tiler is Martin, in Caxton Lamfroy; and so on. The resulting transpositions render it somewhat difficult at first sight to perceive the substantial identity of the matter in the two books. If an editor wished to print Caxton’s text and that of the Paris MS. in parallel columns, he would need to have recourse to the ingenious device adopted by Professor Skeat in the Clarendon Press edition of the three recensions of Piers Plowman; that is to say, all the sections in which the names have been altered would have to be given twice over in each column—with large print where they occur in their alphabetical place, and with small print opposite to the corresponding sections in the other text. It is hard to see why the person who made the later version followed by Caxton should have taken the trouble to alter the names and re-arrange the material in the new alphabetical order. One might almost suspect that the names were those of actual tradesmen in Bruges, and that the alterations represent changes that had taken place between the earlier and the later edition of the book.

The French of the Paris MS. is the Picard dialect of the former half of the fourteenth century. The French of Caxton’s book retains many of the original north-eastern forms, but is to a considerable extent modernized and assimilated to the literary language of a later period. Such ‘etymological’ spellings as recepueur, debuoit, are common in Caxton’s text, but rarely occur in Michelant. The following comparative specimen of the two versions will afford some notion of the orthographical and grammatical differences between them, and also of the degree in which Caxton’s English was influenced by his Flemish original.

MICHELANT.

CAXTON.

Pierres le bateur a l’arket

Pietre de couten­slaerre

Pyere le bateure de laine

Peter the betar of wulle

Va tout useus,

Gaet al ledich,

Va tout oyseux,

Gooth alle ydle,

Car ses doiiens

Want siin deken

Car son doyen

For his dene

Li ha desfendu son mestier

Heeft hem verboden sin ambocht

Lui a deffendu son mestier

Hath forboden hym hys craft

Sur l’amende de xx. sauls,

Up de boete van xx. scelle,

Sour l’amende de vingt solz,

Vpon thamendes of xx. shelyngs,

Dusqu’ a dont qu’il aura

Tote dien dat hi sal hebben

Jusques a dont quil aura

Till that he shall haue

Achaté le franchise.

Ghecocht sine vrihede.

Achatte sa franchise.

Bought his franchyse.

Il s’en plaindra

Hi sals hem beclaghen

Il sen plaindra

He shall complaine hym

Au bourgh­maistre,

Den buergh­meestre,

Au burch­maistre,

Unto bourgh­maistre,

Et li doiiens, ne si jurei

Ende de dekene no sine gheswoerne

Et les gardiens des mestiers

And the wardeyns of the crafte

N’en font conte.

Ne micken niet.

Nen font compte.

sette not therby.

Pol li cuveliers

Pauwels de cupre

Poul le cuuelier

Poule the couper

Fait et refait cuves,

Maect ende vermaect cupen,

Faict et refaict les cuues,

Maketh and formaketh the keupis,

Cuviers et tonniaux,

Cupekine ende vaten,

tonniaulx, vaissiaux

Barellis, vassellis

Chercles et tonnelets

Houpen ende tonnekine.

Courans et gouttans.

Lekyng and droppyng.

Il ont doilloires, wembel­kins,

Si hebben paerden, spikel­boren,

Forets, tareales, et planes.

Foretten, nave­gheeren ende scaven.

Paulins le mesureur de blé

Pauwelin de coren­metere

Paulin le mesureur de bled

Paulyn the metar of corne

A si longement mesuret,

Heeft so langhe ghemeten.

A tant mesure

Hath so moche moten

De bled et de mestelon

Of corne and of mestelyn,

Qu’il ne puet plus

Dat hi mach nemmeer

Quil ne peult plus

That he may no more

Par che grande villeche;

Mit sire groter outheide;

de viellesse;

for age;

Car il est tout kenus.

Want hi es al calv.

Il est tout gryse.

He is alle graye.

Il donna [sic] a chescun sa mesure.

He gyueth to euerich his mesure.

Pirote, si filleulle,

Pierote, siin dochter­kine,

Pieronne sa filleule

Pieryne his doughter

Est la pire garche

Es die quaetste dierne

Est la pieure grace

Is the shrewest ghyrle

Que je sache

Die ic weet

Que ie sache

That I knowe

Dechà mer, ne delà.

An disside der zee, no an ghene zide.

de cha la mere.

on this side the see.

Quintins li tonliers

Quintin de tolnare

Quintin le tollenier

Quyntyne the tollar

A pris de mi

Heeft ghenomen van mi

A pris de moy

Hath taken of me

Une lb. de gros

1 lb. grot

Vng liure de gros

A pound of grotes

Plus qu’il ne devoit;

Meer dan hi sculdich was;

Plus quil ne debuoit prendre

More than he ought to take

Du droit tonlieu;

Of right tolle.

Si m’en trairai

Zo dat ic sal trucken

Sy me trayeray

So shall I drawe me

Au recheveur

Vor den ontfang­here

Au recepueur

Vnto the receyuour

Pour faire me plainte,

Omme te doene mine claghe

Et pour men droit requerre.

Ende omne min recht te versou­kene.

Pour men droit requerre.

For my right to requyre.

In the present edition Caxton’s text has been literally reproduced, except that obvious misprints are corrected (the original readings being given in the marginal notes2), and that modern punctuation has been added for the sake of intelligibility. Where Caxton leaves a space for an illuminated initial (a small letter being printed in the middle to serve as a guide) I have used a large capital. The List of English Words at the end is intended to contain all the words that require any explanation, or are on any account noteworthy. The List of French Words, which I was unable to prepare on account of ill-health, has been compiled by Mr. Henry Littlehales.

HENRY BRADLEY.

1. Le Livre des Mestiers: Dialogues français-flamands composés au XIV^e siècle par un maître d’école de la ville de Bruges. Paris: Librairie Tross.

2. Misprints affecting only the word-division, however, have been corrected without remark.

NOTES.

317. This corresponds with the beginning of the French-Flemish dialogues printed by Michelant. The preceding table of contents may have been added by Caxton himself.

332-47. Not in Michelant.

48. The French should no doubt read quil y ait, as in Michelant, but Caxton translates the erroneous reading.

836. There is some mistake here. Michelant’s text has cavecheul, bed’s head.

839-106. Michelant’s text is here quite different, enumerating the parts of the body and the articles necessary for the toilet.

1319. Confite is a misreading on Caxton’s part for confire, comfrey; Michelant has the right word.

1531. Sera should be fera, as in Michelant; the sense is ‘the abatement which you will make will cause it to be sold.’ Caxton attempts to translate the erroneous reading sera, but his translation makes no sense.

161-1719. This interesting portion of the dialogue is not in Michelant.

1818. It en is not = Flemish het en es niet. Evidently when this was written Caxton had become more familiar with Flemish than with his native language.

1826-1910. The names of English towns in this list are added by Caxton.

2214-259. The enumeration of ecclesiastical and civil dignitaries is much more full here than in Michelant’s text, but it is probable that Caxton had before him an amplified copy of the original work, as the mention of the pope’s residence at Avignon obviously cannot have been inserted by him. The names of English bishoprics, however, are most likely added by Caxton.

246. Bogars in the French column (rendered by lewd freris, i.e. lay brothers) appears to be a mistake for Begars, Beghards.

2637. Spoylle the cuppe. Another proof that Caxton had forgotten his English. The Flemish is spoel den nap, ‘rinse the cup’; the English spoil of course never had the sense ‘to rinse.’

2912. Byledyng is an attempt at literal interpretation of the French deduit, delight.

2913. Serouge (serourge) is properly ‘brother-in-law’; it is not clear whether Caxton’s rendering cosen alyed is a mistranslation, or whether the French word was used at Bruges in the extended sense.

30^4-6. This reference to the truce between the English and the Scots is not, as might perhaps be thought, an insertion by Caxton. Michelant considers the truce in question to be that of the year 1340.

30^30-33. Michelant’s text omits these lines, to the manifest injury of the sense.

35^23-25. Caxton seems here to have found his MS. illegible: Michelant’s text has ‘Fremius [? read Fremins] ses voisins Dist qu’el vault bien son argent.’

37^8-30. This emphatic praise of the writer’s craft is not in Michelant; probably it expresses Caxton’s own sentiments.

3836. Enprintees, which Caxton amazingly renders ‘enprinted,’ is doubtless a mistake for enpruntes, borrowed. The occurrence of this mistake shows that the passage must have been in Caxton’s original, though it is not in Michelant’s text. Caxton’s account of the bookseller’s stock is much fuller than that in Michelant, but apparently this is not due, as might naturally be supposed, to his own interest in the subject.

4417. Formaketh, literally adopted from the Flemish vermaect, repairs.

4426. Filleule is god-daughter, not ‘daughter.’ The Flemish has dochterkine, which, though literally = ‘little daughter,’ was used for ‘god-daughter.’

461. It is curious that the names beginning with S and T, which appear in Michelant, are omitted by Caxton. Possibly a leaf was missing in his original.

5022. From this line to the end seems to be an addition by Caxton.

[CAXTON’S DIALOGUES]

[Or ‘A Book for Travellers,’ Typ. Ant. i. 315: or ‘A Vocabulary,’ Blades, ii. 133.]

[TABLE OF CONTENTS.]

FRENSSHE.

ENGLISSH.

Cy commence la table Hier

begynneth the table

 

De cest prouffytable doctrine,

Of this prouffytable lernynge,

 

Pour trouuer tout par ordene

For to fynde all by ordre

 

Ce que on vouldra aprendre.

That whiche men wylle lerne.

4

[PAGE]

Premierment, linuocacion de la
trinite;

3

Fyrst, the callyng of the trinite;

   

Comment on doibt chescun saluer;

4

How every man ought grete othir;

 

Les meubles aual la mayson;

6

The catayllys langyng to the house;

8

Les noms des chars & de beestes¹; ¹ beestis

10

The names of flessh and of bestis;

 

Et doysiaulz priues & sauuages;

10

And of byrdes tame and wylde;

 

Les noms des poyssons de mer;

11

The names of fysshes of the see;

 

Et des poyssons des Ryuiers;

12

And of fysshes of the Riuers;

12

Les noms de compenaiges;

12

The names of whyte mete;

 

Les noms des fruis darbres;

13

The names of the fruytes of trees;

 

Les noms des pluiseurs arbres;

13

The names of diuerse trees;

 

Les noms des potages;

13

The names of potages;

16

Les noms des communs beuurages;

14

The names of comyn drynkes;

 

La marchandyse des draps

14

The marchandise of clothe

 

Des diuerses villes et festes;

18

Of diuerse tounes and fayres;

 

Les marchandises des laines;

19

The marchandyse of wulle;

20

Les noms des cuyrs & des peaulx;

19

The names of hydes and of skynnes;

 

Les noms des apotecaires;

19

The names of the apotecaries;

 

Les noms des Oyles,

20

The names of Oyles,

 

Des coleurs des paintres;

20

Of the colours of paynters;

24

Les noms des crasseries,

20

The names of coriars,

 

Des aluns et daultres tainctures;

20

Of alume and of othir colours;

 

Les noms des tous metauls;

21

The names of all metals;

 

Les noms des merceries;

21

The names of merceryes;

28 Les noms des pluiseurs graines; 22

The names of diuerse graynes;

 

Des prelats de saincte eglyse,

22

Of the prelates of holy chirche,

 

Du pape, cardinaulz, euesques,

22

Of the pope, cardinals, bisshops,

 

Archeuesques, abbes, et officiaulx,

23

Archebisshops, abbotes, and officials,

4

Des moynes et gens de lordene;

23

Of monkes and folke of ordre;

 

De lempereur, roys, et roynes,

22

Of themperour, kynges, and quenes,

 

Des ducs, countes, et princes,

24

Of dukes, erles, and princes,

 

Barons, cheualiers, escuyers;

24

Barons, knyghtes, and squyers;

8

Les noms dhommes et des femmes,

25

The names of men and of wymmen,

 

Et des mestiers, selon lordre de
a b c;

26

And of craftes, after thordre of
a b c;

   

Les grandes festes et termes de
lan;

28

The grete festes and termes of the
yere;

12  

Des orfeures, tisserans, & foulons¹, ¹ foulous

31

Of goldsmythes, weuers, and fullers,

 

Tondeurs, pigneresses, fileresses;

32

Sheremen, kempsters, spynsters;

 

Des lormiers et armurers,

33

Of bridelmakers and armorers,

16 Des tailliers & Vieswariers, 34

Of tayllours and vpholdsters,

 

Des taincturiers² & drappiers, ² taiuc-

35

Of dyers and drapers,

 

Des boulengiers & cordewaniers,

35

Of bakers and shoomakers,

 

Des escripuains & arceniers,

36

Of skriueners and boumakers,

20

Des moulniers & bouchiers,

37

Of mylnars and bochiers,

 

Des poissonners & teliers,

38

Of fysshmongers and of lynweuers,

 

Des chaudeliers³ & libraries, ³ chan-

38

Of ketelmakers and librariers,

 

Des gauntiers & corbelliers,

40

,

38

Of glouers and of maundemakers,

24

Des painturers & vsuriers,

39

Of paintours and vsuriers,

 

Des couureurs de tieulles & destrain,

40

Of tylers and thatchers,

 

Des charpentiers & feultriers,

39

Of carpenters and hatmakers,

 

Des chauetiers et boursiers,

41

Of cobelers and pursers,

28

Des cousturiers et especiers,

42

Of shepsters and spycers,

 

Des coultiers et hosteliers,

42

Of brokers and hosteliers,

 

Des touriers et cuueliers,

43

Of kepars of prisons and coupers,

 

Des mesuriers et messagiers,

44

Of metars and messagiers,

32

Des chartons et changiers,

45

Of carters and chaungers,

 

Des monnoyers et pastesiers,

45

Of myntemakers and pybakers,

 

Des jougleurs & teneurs,

46

Of pleyers and tawyers,

 

Des vairriers et serruriers,

46

Of makers of greywerke and lokyers,

36

Des gorliers et huchiers,

46

Of gorelmakers and joyners,

 

Des parcenniers;

47

Of parchemyn makers;

 

Et les parolles que chescun

49

And the wordes that eueryche

 

Pourra apprendre pour aler

May lerne for to goo

40

CONTENTS. OBJECT OF THE BOOK. PROLOGUE.

Dun pays au ville a aultre;

49

Fro one lande or toune to anothir;

 

Et plus aultres raysons

And moo othir resons

 

Que seroyent trop longues

That shold be over longe

 

De mettre en cest table.

To sette in this table.

4

En la fin de cest doctrine

50

In the ende of this doctrine

 

Trouueres

¹

la maniere

¹ Trouuerers

Shall ye fynde the manere

 

Pour aprendre acompter

51

For to lerne rekene

 

Par liures, par soulz, par deniers.

By poundes, by shelynges, by pens.

8

Vostre recepte et vostre myse

Your recyte and your gyuing oute

 

Raportes tout en somme.

Brynge it all in somme.

 

Faittes diligence daprendre.

Doo diligence for to lerne.

 

Fuyes oyseusete, petyz et grandes,

Flee ydlenes, smal and grete,

12

Car tous vices en sount sourdans.

For all vices springen therof.

 

Tres bonne doctrine

Ryght good lernyng

 

Pour aprendre

For to lerne

 

Briefment fransoys et engloys.

Shortly frenssh and englyssh.

16

OV nom du pere,
Et du filz,

In the name of the fadre,

 

And of the soone,

 

Et du sainte esperite,

And of the holy ghoost,

 

Veul commencier

I wyll begynne

20

Et ordonner ung livre,

And ordeyne this book,

 

Par le quel on pourra

By the whiche men shall mowe

 

Roysonnablement entendre

Resonably vnderstande

 

Fransoys et engloys,

Frenssh and englissh,

24

Du tant comme cest escript

Of as moche as this writing

 

Pourra contenir et estendre;

Shall conteyne and stratche;

 

Car il ne peult tout comprendre;

For he may not alle comprise;

 

Mais ce quon ny trouuera

But that which can not be founden

28

Declaire en cestui

Declared in this

 

Pourra on trouuer ailleurs,

Shall be founde somwhere els,

 

En aultres liures.

In othir bookes.

 

Mais sachies pour voir

But knowe for trouthe

32

Que es lignes de cest aucteur

That in the lynes of this auctour

 

Sount plus de parolles et de raysons

Ben moo wordes and reasons

 

Comprinses, et de responses,

Comprised, and of ansuers,

 

Que² en moult daultres liures. ² Qne

Than in many othir bookes.

36

Qui ceste liure vouldra aprendre

Who this booke shall wylle lerne

 

Bien pourra entreprendre

May well entreprise or take on honde

 

THIS IS A TRADER’S HANDBOOK. HOW TO SALUTE FOLK.

Marchandises dun pays a lautre,

Marchandises fro one land to anothir,

 

Et cognoistre maintes denrees

And to knowe many wares

 

Que¹ lui seroient bon achetes ¹ Qne

Which to hym shalbe good to be
bouȝt

  4

Ou vendues pour riche deuenir.

Or solde for riche to become.

 

Aprendes ce liure diligement;

Lerne this book diligently;

 

Grande prouffyt y gyst vrayement.

Grete prouffyt lieth therin truly.

 

[

CH. I.

]

OR scaues quil affiert
Quil ait du tout vne partie.

NOw knowe what behoueth
That he haue of alle a partie.

8  

Quand vous alles par les rues,

Whan ye goo by the streetes,

 

Et vous encountres aulcuns

And ye mete ony

 

Que vous cognossies,

That ye knowe,

12

Ou² quilz soyent de vostre
cognoissaunce, ² On

Or that they be of your
knowelech,

   

Soyes ysnel et apparaillies

Be swyft and redy

 

De luy ou deulx premier saluer,

Hym or hem first to grete,

16

Sil est ou sils sount hommes de valeur.

Yf he be or they be men of valure.

 

Ostes vostre chappron

Doo of your hood

 

Pour dames & damoysellys;

For ladies and damoyselles;

 

Se ilz ostent leur chaperon,

Yf they doo of their hood,

20

Sy le remettes de vous mayns.

So sette it on agayn with your handis.

 

En telle maniere

In such manere

  Les poes saluer:

May ye salewe them:

 

“Sire, dieu vous garde!”

“Syre, god you kepe!”

24

Cest le plus bryef

That is the shortest

 

Que on puise dyre

That one may saye

 

Aux gens en saluant.

To the peple in salewyng.

 

Ou, en aultres vsages:—

Or, in othir vsages:—

28

“Syre, vous soyes bien venus.”

“Sire, ye be welcome.”

 

“Vous, dame ou damoyselle,

“Ye, lady or damoyselle,

 

Vous soyes la bien venu.”

Ye ben welcome.”

 

“Sire, dieu vous doinst bon jour.”

“Syre, god gyue you good daye.”

32

“Dame, bon jour vous doinst nostre
sire.”

“Dame, good daye giue you our
lord.”

   

“Compaignon ou amye,

“Felawe or frende,

 

Vous soies le bien venus.”

Ye be welcome.”

36

“Que faictes vous? comment vous
est?”

“What do ye? how is it with
you?”

   

“Bien; que bien vous aies.”

“Well; that well mote ye haue.”

 

“Ou aues este si longement?

“Where haue ye ben so longe?

40

SALUTATIONS. HOW TO TAKE LEAVE OF FOLK.

Je ne vous vey piecha.”

I haue not seen you in longe tyme.”

 

“Jay este longement hors du pays.”

“I haue ben longe out of the contre.”

 

“En quel pays?”

“In what contre?”

 

“Sire, ce seroit

“Syre, that shold be

4

Trop a racompter;

Ouermoche for to telle;

 

Mais sil vous plaist aulcune chose

But if you plaise ony thyng

 

Que ie puisse fayre,

That I may doo,

 

Commandes le moy

Commaunde it me

8

Comme a celuy

As to hym

 

Qui volentiers le feroit.”

That gladly shall doo it.”

 

“Sire, grand mercy

“Syre, gramercy

 

De vous courtoyses parolles

Of your courtoys wordes

12

Et de vostre bonne volente;

And of your good wyll;

 

Dieu le vous mire!”

God reward you!”

 

“Dieu le me laisse deseruyr!

“God late me deserue it!

 

Sachies certainement

^{1 1} certaineint

Knowe ye certaynely

16

Que vous ne y estes

That ye be not

 

Point engaignies

²

,

² eugaignies

Nothyng deceyued

⁵

,

⁵ deceyned  

Car ce vous feroye ie,

For that wold I doo

 

Pour vous et pour les vostres.

For you and for youris.

20 A

dieu vous comande.

T

o god I you commaunde.

 

Je prenge congie

³

a vous.”

³ cougie

I take leue of you.”

 

Respondes ainsi:

Ansuere thus:

 

“Nostre sire vous conduyse!”

“Our lorde conduyte you!”

24

“A dieu soyes vous comandes!”

“To god mote ye be commaunded!”

 

“Dieu vous ait en sa sainte garde!”

“God you haue in his holy kepyng!”

  “Allez a dieu⁴. ⁴ dien

“Goo ye to god.

 

Salues moy la dame

Grete me the lady

28

(Ou la damoyselle)

(Or the damyselle)

 

De vostre mayson

Of your house

 

(Ou de vostre hostel),

(Or of your heberow),

 

Vostre femme, vous enfans,

Your wyf, your children,

32

Vostre mary,

Your husbonde,

 

Vostre fyltz et vous filles,

Your sones and your doughtres,

 

Toute vostre maisnye.

Alle your meyne.

 

Si me recomandes

Also recommaunde me

36

A mon seigneur,

To my lorde,

 

A mes damoyseauls,

To my yong lordes,

 

A ma dame,

To my lady,

 

A ma damoyselle,

To my yong lady,

40

TAKING LEAVE. WINDOWS, BEDS AND BEDDING.

A vostre pere et a vostre mere,

To your fadre and to your modre,

 

A vostre tayon et a vostre taye,

To your belfadre & to your beldame,

 

A vostre oncle et a vostre aunte,

To your eme & to your aunte,

 

A vostre cosyns et a vostre cosynes,

To your cosyns and to your nieces,

4

A vous cousyns germains,

To your cosyns germayns,

 

A vostre nepheux & a vostre nieces,

To your neueus & to your nieces,

 

Qui sont enfans de vostre frere

Whiche ben children of your brother

 

Ou de vostre soeur.

Or of your suster.

8

Vous freres, vous soeurs,

Your brethern, your sustres,

 

Ne loublies mye.”

Forgete them not.”

 

“Je le vous feray voulentiers.

“I shal do it for you gladly.

 

A dieu vous command.”

To god I commaunde you.”

12

“Or alles a dieu.”

“Now goo to god.”

 

Cy finent les salutations

Thus enden the salutations

 

Et les responses.

And the ansueris.

 

[

CH. II.

]

OR mestoet auant parler
Daultres choses necessaires:

NOw standeth me for to speke
Of othir thynges necessarie:

16  

Cest a sauoyr des besongnes

That is to saye of thinges

 

Que on vse aual le maison,

That ben vsed after the hous,

 

De quoy on ne peult synon.

Of whiche me may not be withoute.

20

De la maison premiers diray,

Of the hous first I shall saye,

 

En auenture, se besoing est.

On auenture, if it be to doo.

  L

a maison bien ordonne

T

he hous well ordeyned

 

Doybt estre bien fenestree

Ought to be well wyndowed

24

De pluiseurs fenestres

Of diverse wyndowes

 

Par quoy il ait grand clarte.

By which it haue grete light.

 

Il y affiert aux chambres

Hit behoueth to the chambres

 

Solliers, greniers.

Loftes and garettis.

28

[

CH. III.

]

QVi vin veult maintenier
Conuient auoir chielliers

WHo wyne wyll mayntene
Behoueth to haue selers

   

Et vne basse chambre

And a lowe chambre

 

Pour prendre aisement.

For to take his easement.

32 O

res vous conuient avoir lits;

N

ow must ye haue beddes;

 

Lyts des plummes;

Beddes of fetheris;

 

Pour les poures suz gesir,

For the poure to lye on,

 

Lyts de bourre;

Beddes of flockes;

36

Sarges, tapites,

Sarges, tapytes,

 

Kieultes poyntes

Quiltes paynted

 

Pour les lits couurir;

For the beddes to couere;

 

Couuertoyrs ainsi;

Couerlettes also;

40

BED-FURNITURE, POTS AND PANS, CANS AND BOTTLES.

Bankers qui sont beaulx;

Bankers that ben fayr;

 

Dessoubs le lite vng calys;

Under the bedde a chalon;

 

Estrain dedens;

Strawe therin;

 

Bancs, chaiers,

Benches, chayers,

4

Lesons, selles;

Lystes, stoles;

 

Pots de keuure, chaudrens,

Pottes of coppre, kawdrons,

 

Chaudiers, paiels,

Ketellis, pannes,

 

Bachins, lauoirs,

Basyns, lauours,

8

Pots de terre,

Pottes of erthe,

 

Cannes de terre

Cannes of erthe

 

Pour aller al eawe;

For to go to the watre;

 

Ces choses trouueres vous

Thise thinges shall ye fynde

12

En le potterye.

In the potterye.

  S

e vous aues de quoy,

Y

f ye haue wherof,

 

Faittes que vous ayes

Doo that ye haue

 

Ouurages destain,

Werkes of tynne,

16

Pots destain

¹

et cannes,

¹ de stain

Pottes of tynne and cannes,

 

Cannes de deux lots,

Cannes of two stope,

 

Cannes dun sestier,

Cannes of a sextier,

 

Lotz et demy lotz,

Stopes and half stopes,

20

Pintes et demy pintes.

Pintes and half pintes.

 

Ung lot est appelle

A stope is called

 

Eu aucun lieu

²

vng quart.

² ancun lien

In somme place a quarte.

 

Ce sont les mesures

Thise ben the mesures

24

Que je

³

scay nommer:

³ ye

That I can name:

 

Mais les bouteilles

But the botellis

 

Destain, de boz, de cuir,

Of tyn, of wode, of lether,

 

Treuue on de toutes manieres.

Men fynd of all maneris.

28 O

r vous conuient auoir

N

ow must ye haue

 

Platteaux destain,

Platers of tyn,

  Escuyelles, sausserons,

Disshes, saussers,

 

Sallieres, trenchores;

Sallyers, trenchours;

32

Ces choses trouueres

Thise thinges shall ye fynde

 

De boz et de terre.

Of tree and of erthe.

 

Couuercles de keuuer,

Couercles of coppre,

 

De terre, et de fer,

Of erthe, and of yron,

36

Or apres vng esculier,

Now after a disshe fat,

 

La on met dedens

Where me leyeth therin

 

Les deuantdittes choses.

The forsaid thinges.

  L

es louches de boz,

A

nd the spones of tree,

40

FURNITURE, UTENSILS, PLATE AND CLOTHING.

Les louches dargent,

The spones of siluer,

 

Metton la on veult,

That dooe² men where they wylle, ² dooo

 

En plus seure garde.

In most sure kepyng.

  L

e louche de pot entour le feu;

T

he ladle of the pot about the fyre;

4

Trepiet pour asseoir sus;

Treuet for to sette it on;

 

Sur laistre appertient

Vpon the herthe belongeth

 

Laigne ou tourbes,

Woode or turues,

 

Deux brandeurs de fer,

Two andyrons

³

of yron,

³ andyrous 8

Ung estenelle, ung greyl.

A tonge, a gredyron.

  U

ng grauwet,

A

flessh hoke,

 

Coutieaulx pour taillier

Knyues for to cutte

 

Ce quon vouldra,

That what me shall wylle,

12

Ung couttel de poree

A choppyng knyf

 

Pour taillier la poree.

for to choppe wortes.

  H

anaps dargent,

C

uppes of silver,

 

Hanaps dorees,

Cuppes gylte,

16

Coupes door,

Couppes of goold,

 

Hanaps a pies;

Cuppes with feet;

 

Ces choses mettes

Thise things set ye

 

En vostre huche ou escrijn;

In your whutche or cheste;

20

Vos joyaulx en vostre forchier

Your jewellis in your forcier

 

Que on ne les emble.

That they be not stolen.

  P

lente des linchieux,

P

lente of shetes,

 

Nappes, touwailles.

Bordclothes, towellis.

24

Pour faire a nous aulx

For to make to us garlyk

 

Et saulses parmi le stamine,

And sauses thorugh the strayner,

 

Vous conuient

¹

auoir

¹ connient

Ye muste haue

 

Ung mortier, ung pestiel.

A morter, a pestyll.

28 A

la perche pendent vos vestures,

O

n the perche hongen your clothes,

 

Manteaulx, scurcorps,

Mantellis, frockes,

 

Heuques, clocques,

Heukes, clokes,

 

Cottes, pourpoints,

Cotes, doblettes,

32 Vestures, fourrures,

Clothes, furres,

 

Vestures diuer et deste;

Wynter clothes and of somer;

 

Les oreilliers sur le lite;

The pelowes on the bedde;

 

Sur le queuerchief

Upon the keuerchief

36

Chemises, brayes,

Chertes, briches,

 

A tout le braieul.

With the pauntcher

⁴

.

⁴ panutcher   Q

uand vous estes desvestues

W

han ye be vnclothed

 

On treuue fourrures

Me fyndeth furres

40

FURS, WHITE MEATS, WIFE, PARENTS AND CHILDREN.

Descurieus

¹

, daigneaulx,

¹ Descuriens

Of beuers and of lombes,

 

Plichons de lieures et de conins.

Pylches of hares and of conyes.

  M

ettes en le tresoier

S

ette into the cupbort

 

Vostre pain, vostre fourmage,

Your brede, your chese,

4

Vostre bure, vostre viande,

Your butter, your mete,

 

Et aultres companages,

And othir white mete,

 

Le relief de la table.

The leuynge of the table.

 

Faictes quil y aist du seel

Doo that ther be salte

8

Et des voires.

And glases.

 

Cy fine le tierce chapitle.

Here endeth the thirde chapitre.

 

[

CH. IV.

]

OR entendes, petys & grands,
Je vous dirai maintenant

Now understande, litell and grete,
I shall saye you right forth

  12

Dune aultre matere

Of an othir matere

 

La quele ie comence.

The whiche I wyll begynne.

  S

e vous estes maries,

Y

f ye be maried,

 

Et vous aues femme,

And ye haue a wyfe,

16

Et vous ayes marye,

And ye haue a husbonde,

  S

e vous maintenes paisiblement,

S

o mayntene you pesibly,

 

Que vous voisins ne disent

That your neyghbours saye not

 

De vous fors que bien:

Of you othirwyse than well:

20

Ce seroit virgoingne.

Hit shold be shame.

  S

e vous aues pere & mere,

I

f ye haue fader and moder

 

Si les honnoures tousiours;

So worshippe them alleway;

 

Faictes leur honneur;

Doo to hem worshipp;

24

Deportes les;

Forbere them;

 

Car selon le commandement

For after the commaundement

 

Et conseil de cathon,

And the counseill of cathon,

 

Les doibt en honnourer;

Men ought to worshippe them;

28

Car il dist en son liure:

For he saith in his booke:

 

“Honnoure pere & mere.”

“Worshippe fader and moder.”

  S

e vous aues enfans,

Y

f ye haue children,

 

Si les chastoyes de la verge,

So chastyse them with the rodde,

32

Et les instrues

And enforme them

 

De bonnes meurs

With good maners

 

Le temps quilz soient jofnes;

the tyme that they be yong;

  Les envoyes a lescole

Sende them to the scole

36

Aprendre lire et escripre,

To lerne rede and to write,

 

quilz ne resambloient bestes.

That they resemble not bestis.

  S

oyes debonnair

B

e ye buxom

 

Enuers touttes gens—

Vnto alle folke—

40

MARGARET IS SENT TO THE BUTCHER’S AND POULTERER’S.

Enuers vous seruans:

Vnto your seruaunts:

 

Penses quilz soyent

Thynke that they be

 

Aussi bons co

m

me vous;

As good as ye;

 

Ne le despites point.

Despyse them not.

4 C

omandes eux v

ost

re volente

C

ommaunde them your wyll

 

En tele maniere:

In suche manere:

  “Margote, prengne de largent,

“Margret, take of the siluer,

 

Va a la boucherye,

Goo to the flesshshamels,

8

Sy achates de lechar.”

Bye ther of the flessh.”

 

Celle respondera:

She shall ansuer agayn:

 

“Quelles chars voules vous?

“What flesshe wyll ye?

 

Voules vous chars de porc

Wylle ye flessh of porke

12

A le verde saulsse?

With the grene sauce?

 

Char du buef salle

Flessh of bueff salted

 

Serra bonne a la moustard;

Shall be good with the mustard;

 

La Fresshe aux aulx.

The fressh with gharlyk.

16

Se mieulx ames

Yf ye better loue

 

Char de mouton

¹

ou daigniel,

¹ monton

Flessh of moton or of lambe,

 

De genise ou de viel,

Of an hawgher or of a calfe,

 

soit rosty ou au browet,

Is it rosted, orels with browet,

20

Je lachateray voulentiers.”

I shall bye it with good wyll.”

 

“Nennil

²

, mais achatte

² Nenuil

“Nay, but bye

 

Char de bachon ou de chieuerel;

Flessh of bacon or of a gheet;

 

Si nous bargaigne

So chepe for vs

24

De la venyson,

Of the venyson,

 

Soyt de porc sengler,

Be it of wylde boor,

 

Soyt de serf ou de bisse;

Be it of herte, of hyndecalf;

 

Sy latourne au noir poiure

Dyght it with broun pepre

28

Quand tu larras achatte.

Whan thou shalt haue bought it.

  Va en la poillaillerie, G

oo into the pultrie,

 

Achatte de poulletis,

Bye poullettis,

 

Une poulle & deux pouchins,

One poullet & two chekens,

32

Mais nulle chappon

But no capon

 

Ne nul coc napportes,

Ne no cocke bringe not,

 

Ne plouuier,

Ne plouier,

 

Wydecos, roussignoulz,

Wodecoks, nyghtyngalis,

36 Maussons, masanges,

Sparowes, meesen,

 

Auwes, annettes,

Ghees, doukes,

 

Coulons, piuions,

Dowues, pygeons,

 

Boutoirs, tourterolles,

Butores, turtellis,

40

BIRDS; BEASTS BAD TO EAT, AND NOT EATEN; FISHES.

Limoges, pertris,

Heth hennes, partrichs,

 

Alouwes, paons,

Larkes, pecoks,

 

Chuynes, cignes,

Storkes, swannes,

 

Vieses gelines:—

Olde hennes:—

4

IE suis malade,
Tel char me greueroit;

I am seeke,
Suche flessh shold greue me;

   

Je ne le poroye digerer.”

I shall not mowe dygeste it.”

 

“Sire, vous men aues

“Syre, ye haue to me

8

Biaucop plus nommes

Many mo named

 

Que ien cuide achatter.

Than I wende to bye.

 

Vous estes si tenres,

Ye be so tendre,

  V

ous pourries maisement

Y

e may euyll

12

Menger char de cheuaulx,

Ete flessh of horses,

 

De tors, de muletz,

Of bulles, of mules,

 

De poutrains, de iuments.”

Of coltes, of mares.”

  E

ncores sont aultres bestes

Y

et ben ther othir bestes

16

Dont on na cure de mengier:

Wherof men recche not to ete:

 

Loups, reynards, fouines,

Wulues, foxes, fichews,

 

Olifans, lupars, catz,

Olifaunts, lupardis, cattes,

 

Singes, asnes, chiens.

Apes, asses, houndes.

20

Ourse mengue on bien;

A bere, men ete well;

 

Si faitton chieures.

So doo men ghotes.

  O

n ne mengue point

M

en ete not

 

Aigles, griffons,

Eygles, griffons,

24

Espreuiers, faucons,

Sperhawkes, faucons,

 

Oistoirs, escouffles.

Haukes, kytes.

 

Des bestes venimeuses:—

Of bestes venemous:—

 

Serpens, lasartz, scorpions,

Serpentes, lizarts, scorpions,

28

Mouches, veers;

Flies, wormes;

 

Qui de ces veers sera morse

Who of thise wormes shall be byten

 

Il luy fauldra triacle;

He must have triacle;

 

Se ce non, il en moroit.

Yf not that, he shall deye.

32

Or apres ores des poissons.

Now herafter shall ye here of fissh.

 

DEs poissons poez oyer
Les noms daulcuns,

OF the fisshes may ye here
The names of somme,

   

Non mie de trestouts,

Not of alle,

36

Car je ne les sca

ur

oye

For I ne wote not

 

Comment tres tous cognoistre¹; ¹ coguoistre

How alle to knowe;

  Ainsi ne font les maronners.

Also ne doo not the maroners.

 

Premiers des poissons de mer:

First of fisshes of the see:

40

NAMES OF SEA AND RIVER-FISH, AND OF WHITE MEATS.

D

e la mer vous viennent

F

ro the see to you come

 

Balainnes, porc de mer,

Whales, pourpays,

 

Cabellau, plays, esclefins,

Coddelyng, plays, haddoks,

 

Sugles, rayes,

Sooles, thornbaks,

4

Merlens, esparlens, rouges,

Whityng, sprotte, rogettis,

 

Maqueriaulx, mulets,

Makerell, molettis,

 

Bresmes, aloses, esturgeon,

Bremes, alouses, sturgeon,

 

Frescz herencs, congres,

Fressh hering, congres,

8

Herencs sorees.

Reed heeryng.

  D

aultre poissons

O

f othir fisshes

 

De riuieres, mengíes:

Of the river, ete:

 

Carpres, anguilles,

Carpes, eelis,

12

Lu[c]es, becques, becquets,

Luses, pikes, pikerellis,

 

Tenques, perques,

Tenches, perches,

 

Roches, creuiches,

Roches, creuyches,

 

Loques, gouuions,

Loches, gogeorns,

16

Saulmon de pluiseurs maniers,

Samon of diuerse maners,

 

Saulmon de la meuse,

Samon of the mase,

 

Saulmon de scoche,

Samon of scotland,

 

Garnars, oysters, moules.

Shrimpes, oystres, muskles.

20

Qui plus en scet plus, en nomme;

Who knoweth more, name he more;

 

Car ie ne scay de plus parler.

For I ne knowe no more to speke.

 

OR nommons les compenages
Et ce quon en fait.

NOw name we the white mete
And that wherof is made.

  24

Premierment laict et bure,

First mylke and butter,

 

Fromages dengletere,

Chese of englond,

 

Fromages de champayne,

Chese of champayne,

 

De brye, de berghes,

Of brye, of berowe,

28

De vaches, de brebys,

Of kien, of sheep,

 

Fromages de chieueres;

Chese of gheet;

 

Oefs de gelynes, dauwe,

Egges of hennes, of ghees,

 

Oefs dannettes.

Egges of dokes.

32

De laict et doefs

Of mylke and of egges

 

Faitton flans;

Men make flawnes;

 

De laict

¹

bouly a le flour

¹ laicts

Of mylke soden with the flour

 

Faitton rastons,

Men make printed cakes,

36

Et de chars pastees;

And of flessh pasteyes;

 

De craisme faitton bure;

Of kreme make me butter;

 

De laict de brebis

Of the mylke of sheep

 

Faitton gaufres;

Make men wafres;

40

NAMES OF FRUITS, TREES, HERBS, AND POT-HERBS.

Wasteletz, rastons,

Wastles, eyrekakis,

 

Furent oublies.

Were forgeten.

 

DE fruit ores nommer
Poires, pommes, prounes,

OF fruit shall ye here named
Peres, apples, plommes,

  4

Cherises, fourd[r]ines,

Cheryes, sloes,

 

Moures, freses, noix,

Morberies, strawberies, notes,

 

Pesques, nesples,

Pesshes, medliers,

 

Figes, roisin,

Fyggis, reysins,

8

Amandes, dades.

Almandes, dates.

 

LEs noms des arbres:
Porrier, pommier, cherisier,

THe names of trees:
Pere tree, apple tree, cherye tree,

   

Pesquier, figier, mourier,

Pesshe tree, fygtree, morbery tree,

12

Nesplier, prounier

¹

, chesne,

¹ pronnier

Medliertree, plomtree, ooke,

 

Fresne, gaucquier, Oliuier

Asshe, nokertree, olyuetree,

 

Saulx, espinier, palmier.

Wylough, thorne, palmetree.

  D

esoubz ces arbres

V

nder thise trees

16

Sont herbes souef

²

flairans.

² sonef

Ben herbes suete smellyng.

 

Il ya roses vermeilles, blances,

There ben roses reed, white,

 

Mente, confite, et graine,

Mynte, confyte, and grayne,

 

Fleurdelyts, ouppe,

Lelyes, hoppes,

20

Et hayes es prets.

And hedges in medowes.

  E

s boys sont

³

les verdures,

³ sout I

n wodes ben the verdures,

 

Grouseillers, grouselles,

Brembles, bremble beries,

 

Les treuue on souuent

Ther is founden ofte

24

En gardins sur les mottes.

In gardyns on the mottes.

  E

ns es preets est herbes

W

ithin the medewis is the grasse

 

Dont

⁴

on fait faing;

⁴ Dout

Wherof men make heye;

 

Sy a des cardons et ortyes;

So ben ther thistles and nettles;

28 E

ncore sont en les gardins

Y

et ben in the gardynes

 

Rouges coulles et blanches,

Rede cool and white,

 

Porions, oignons

⁵

,

⁵ oiguons

Porreette, oynyons,

 

Betes, cherfeul, persin,

Betes, cheruyll, persely,

32

Saulge, ysope, tymon,

Sauge, ysope, tyme,

 

Laittues, pourcelaine,

Letews, porselane,

 

Querson, gelouffre,

Kersses, geloffres,

 

Naueaulx

⁶

, aulx, feneulle,

⁶ Naneaulx

Rapes, gharlyk, fenell,

36

Espinces, borages.

Spynache, borage.

 

CE sont les pottages:
Poys, feues;

THise ben the potages:
Pesen, benes;

   

Garnee quon fait de bled,

Furmente whiche is made of whete,

40

COMMON DRINKS.—MARCHANDISE OF CLOTHS.

Chaudel pour les malades,

Caudell for the seke,

 

Gruwell et porrees.

Growell and wortes.

 

CE sount les buuraiges:
Vin de rin et dausay¹, ¹ dansay

THise ben the drynkes:
Rynyssh wyn and of elzeter,

  4

Vin de beane et de germole,

Wyn of beane and of germole,

 

Vin fransoys et de spayne,

Frenssh wyn and of spayne,

 

Muskadel & bastard,

Muscadel and bastard,

 

Vin dosoye et de garnate,

Wyn of oseye and of garnade,

8

Vin de gascoyne,

Wyn of gascoyne,

 

Maluesye, romenye,

Malueseye, romeneye,

 

Vin cuit, vin gregois;

Wyn soden, wyn greek;

 

Ypocras & clarey sont fait

Ypocras and clarey ben made

12

De vin & bonnes espices;

Of wyn and good spices;

 

Blanc vin, vin vermeil,

(Cx. mermeil)

White wyn, rede wyn,

 

Miel, mies,

Hony, mede,

 

Seruoise dangletere,

Ale of englond,

16

Seruoise dalemayne;

Byre of alemayne;

 

Sydre est fait de pommes;

Syther is made of apples;

 

Boulie est faitte

Boulye is made

 

Diauwe & de leuain,

Of water and of leuayn,

20

Et de tercheul.

And of wurte.

 

Fontaine boit on bien.

Welle watre drynke me well,

 

Liauwe boiuent les bestes;

Watre drynke the bestes;

 

Si bue

²

on les toilles.

² buc

So wesshe me with all lynnenclothis.

24

[

CH. V.

]

DAultres choses sauns attendre,
Endementiers quil me souuient,

OF othir thinge withoute taryeng,
Whiles that I remembre,

   

Vous veul deuiser et aprendre.

I wyll to you deuise and teche.

 

Se vous voules bergaignier

Yf ye wyll bergayne

28

Draps ou aultres marchandisses,

Wullen cloth or othir marchandise,

 

Sy alles a le halle

So goo to the halle

 

Qui est ou marchiet;

Whiche is in the market;

 

Sy montes les degretz;

So goo vpon the steyres;

32

La trouueres les draps:

There shall ye fynde the clothes:

 

Draps mesles,

Clothes medleyed,

 

Rouge drap ou vert,

Red cloth or grene,

 

Bleu asuret,

Blyew y-asured,

36

Gaune, vermeil,

Yelow, reed,

 

Entrepers, moret,

Sad blew, morreey,

 

Royet, esquiekeliet,

Raye, chekeryd,

 

Saye blanche & bleu,

Saye white and blew,

40

HOW TO BUY CLOTH. HE TRIES TO BEAT HER DOWN.

Escarlate en grain.

Scarlet in grayne.

 

SY poes commencer
Par tele salutation

SO may ye begynne
By suche gretyng

   

Comme il est en primier chapitle.

As it is in the first chapitre.

4 “Dame, que faittes vous laulne

“Dame, what hold ye the elle

 

De ces draps,

Of this cloth?

 

Ou que vault le drap entier?

Or what is worth the cloth hole?

 

Embrief parler, combien laulne?”

In shorte to speke, how moche thelle?”

8

“Sire, rayson;

“Syre, resone;

 

Ie vous en feray rayson;

I shall doo to you resone;

 

Vous layres au bon marchie.”

Ye shall haue it good cheep.”

 

“Voir, pour cattel,

“Ye, truly, for catell,

12

Dame, il conuient

¹

gaignier.

¹ coniuent

Dame, me must wynne.

 

Gardes que ien paiera.”

Take hede what I shall paye.”

 

“Quatre soulz de laulne,

“Four shelynges for the elle,

 

Sil vous plaist.”

Yf it you plese you.”

16

“Ce ne seroit mie sens.

“Hit ne were no wysedom.

 

Pour tant vouldroie je auoir

For so moche wold I haue

 

Bonne

²

escarlate!”

² Bonue

Good scarlete!”

 

“Vous aues droit,

“Ye haue right

20

Se vous puisses.

Yf ye maye.

 

Mais iay encore tel

But I haue yet somme

 

Qui nest mie du meillour,

Whiche is not of the beste,

 

Que ie ne donroye point

Whiche I wold not yeue

24

Pour sept souldz.”

For seuen shelynges.”

 

“Je vous en croys bien;

“I you bileue well;

 

Mais ce nest mye drap

But this is no suche cloth

 

De tant dargent,

Of so moche money,

28

Ce scaues vous bien!

That knowe ye well!

 

Ce que vous en laires

This that ye shall leue

 

Le sera

³

vendre.”

³ See the Notes.

Shall be solde.”

 

“Sire, que vault il?”

“Syre, what is it worth?”

32

“Dame, il me vauldroit

“Dame, it were worth to me

 

Bien trois souls.”

Well thre shellyngs.”

 

“Cest mal offert,

“That is euyll boden,

 

Ou trop demande;

Or to moche axed;

36

Encores ameroie mieulx

Yet had I leuer

 

Quil fust dor in vostre escrin.”

That it were gold in your cheste.”

 

“Damoyselle, vous ne perderes

“Damoyselle, ye shold not lese theron

 

Ja croix;

Neuer a crosse;

40

HOW TO BUY CLOTH. THE METER NOT CALLED FOR.

Mais dittes acertes

But saye certainly

 

Comment je lauray

How shall I haue it

 

Sa

u

ns riens laissier.”

Withoute thyng to leue.”

 

“Je le vous donray a vng mot:

“I shall gyue it you at one worde:

4

Certes, se vous le aues,

Certaynly, if ye haue it,

 

Vous en paieres chinq souls

Ye shall paye fyue shellyngs

  De tant daulnes

For so many elles

 

Que vous en prenderes;

Whiche ye shall take;

8

Car ie nen¹ lairay riens².” ² rieus ¹ neu

For I wyll abate no thyng.”

 

“Dame, que vaudroit dont

“Dame, what shall auaylle thenne

 

Longues parolles?

Longe wordes?

 

Tailles pour moy une pair de robes.”

Cutte for me a pair of gounes.”

12

“Combien en tailleray ie?”

“How moche shall I cutte?”

 

“Tant que vous quidies

“Also moche as ye wene

 

Que mestier mest

As me shall nede

 

Pour vng sourcote,

For a surcote,

16

Pour vng cotte,

For a cote,

 

Pour vne heucque,

For an hewke,

 

Pour vne paire de chausses.”

For a pair hosen.”

 

“Sire, il vous en fauldra

^{3 3} enfauldra

“Sir, it you behoueth

20

Bien quinse aulnes.”

Well fiften elles.”

 

“De par dieu, tailles les.

“In goddes name, cutte them.

 

De quelle largesse est il?”

Of what brede is it?”

 

“De deulx aulnes et demye.”

“Of two ellis and an half.”

24

“Cest bonne largesse.

“That is good brede.

 

Tailles a lautre deboute.”

Cutte at that othir ende.”

 

“Cest tout ung, par mon alme!

“Hit is all one, by my soule!

 

Mais ie le feroy volentiers.”

But I shall doo it gladly.”

28

“Dame, messures bien.”

“Dame, mete well.”

 

“Sire, ie ne men confesseray ia

“Sire, I shall never shriue me therof

 

De ce que ie vous detenray.”

Of that I shall with-holde yow.”

 

“Dame, ce scay ie bien;

“Dame, that knowe I well;

32

Si ie ne vous creusse

If I had not trusted you

 

Ieuis appelle le messureur.”

I had called the metar.”

 

“Sire, sil vous plaist,

“Sire, yf it plese you,

 

On lappellera.”

He shall be called.”

36

“Nennil

⁴

voir, dame,

⁴ Nenuil

“Nay truly, dame,

 

Ie me tieng bien

I holde me well

 

Content de vous;

Content with you;

 

Car il me semble

For me semeth

40

PAYING THE BILL.—ENGLISH GROATS, FLEMISH COINS, ETC.

Que vous maues

¹

bien fait.

¹ manes

That ye haue to me well done.

 

Ployes le de par dieu.”

Folde it up in goddes name.”

 

“Non

²

feray, sauue le vostre grace;

² Nou

“I shall not, sauf your grace;

 

Je veul que vous messures.”

I wyll that ye mete it.”

4

“Dame, puis que ie me tieng

“Dame, syth that I me holde

 

Plainement content,

Playnly content,

 

Et puis que bien me souffist,

And sith it well me suffyseth,

 

Il nest besoin de le remesurer.

It is no nede to mete it agayn.

8 Tien, valton, si le porte,

Holde thou, boye, and bere it;

 

Tu auras vng mayll.

Thou shalt haue an halfpeny.

 

Or, dame, combien monte

Now, dame, how moche cometh it to,

 

Ce que iay de vous?”

This that I haue of you?”

12

“Sire, se vous me baillies

“Syre, yf ye gyue to me

 

Disenoof souls,

xix shellyngs,

 

Vous me paieries bien;

Ye shall paye me well;

 

Tant me debues vous.”

So moche ye owe me.”

16

“Damoyselle, tenez, comptez.”

“Damoyselle, holde, telle.”

 

“Quelle monnoye

“What moneye

 

Me donnez vous?”

Gyue ye to me?”

 

“Bonne monnoye;

“Good moneye;

20

Ce sont gros dangletere;

Thise ben grotes of englond;

 

Tels y a

³

de flaundres;

³ ya

Suche ther be of flaundres;

 

Patards et demi patards;

Plackes and half plackes;

 

Les vieulx gros dangletere

The olde grotes of englond

24

Qui valent chincque deniers;

Which be worth v pens;

 

Les noueaulx valent iiij. deniers;

The newe be worth foure pens;

 

Vous le debues bien scavoir,

Ye ought well to knowe,

 

Qui tant dargent recepues.”

That so moche moneye receyue⁶.” ⁶ receyne

28

“Vous dittes voir, sire.”

“Ye saye trouthe, sire.”

 

“Mais vous ameries mieulx

“But ye had leuer

 

Florins

⁴

du rin,

⁴ Florius

Rynysh guldrens,

 

Escutz du roy,

Scutes of the kyng,

32

Royaulx nobles dangletere,

Ryallis nobles of englond,

 

Salutz door lyons,

Salews of gold lyons,

 

Viez estrelins deniers.”

Olde sterlingis pens.”

 

“Cest tout bonne monneye;

“This is all good moneye;

36

Mais que ie le puisse doner?”

Ye, and I may gyue it oute?”

 

“Oyl, vous lez donerez

⁵

bien

⁵ alonerez

“Yes, ye shall gyue it oute well

 

Dedains la ville

Within the toune

 

Et par tout le pays,

And all aboute the contre,

40

THE SELLER PLEASED. CLOTH OF MANY TOWNS.

En touttes denrees,

In all peny worthes,

 

En touttes marchandyses.”

In all marchandyses.”

 

“Biau sire, ie me loe de vous;

“Fair sire, I am well plesyd with you;

 

Si que sil vous falloit

Were it so that ye failled

4

Aulcune denree

Ony ware

 

Dont ie me mesle,

Of whiche I medle with,

 

Ou que jay entremayns,

Or that I haue under hande,

 

Vous le pourries emporter

Ye may bere it a-waye

8

Sans

¹

maille sans

²

denier;

² saus ¹ Saus

Withoute halpeny or peny;

 

Sy bien maues paiet.”

So well haue ye me payd.”

  “Tres grand merchis!

“Right grete gramercy!

 

Sachies que mon argent

Wyte ye that

⁴

my siluer

⁴ that that 12

Vous aries deuant³ ung aultre. ³ denant

Ye shall haue tofore an othir.

 

Ce seroit droit

Hit were right

 

Pour vostre debonairete,

For your goodlynes,

 

Pour la courtoysie

For the courtosye

16

Qui est en vous.”

That is in you.”

 

“Ce nest mye

“It ne

⁵

is not

⁵ en  

Le derrain argent

The last siluer

 

Que vous ares de moy,

That ye shal haue of me,

20

Comment ce que soit le premier.

How be it that this is the first.

 

CAr il men fault ale fois,
Et as mes compaignons,

FOr me behoueth othir while,
And to my felaws,

   

Draps de maintes manires,

Clothes of many maneris,

24

De pluiseurs villes,

Of many tounes,

 

De loundres, de euerwik,

Of london, of yorke,

 

De bristow, de bathon,

Of bristow, of bathe,

 

De paris, de roaen,

Of parys, of roen,

28

De bruges, de gaund,

Of brugges, of gaunt,

 

De ypres, de tournay,

Of ypre, of dornyk,

 

De lylle, de dixmude,

Of ryselle, of dixmuthe,

 

De menin, de comines,

Of menyn, of comynes,

32

De bailloil, de poperinghes,

Of belle, of poperyng,

 

De denremond, daloste,

Of dendremonde, of aloste,

 

De saincte omer, de valenciene,

Of saint omers, of valensynes,

 

Des brouxellis, de malins,

Of brussels, of mechelyne,

36

De louuain, danuers.

Of louayn, of andwerp.

 

AInsi ie pense a aller,
Sil plaist a dieu,

ALso I thinke to goo,
Yf it plaise to god,

   

A le feste de bruges,

To the feste of bruges,

40

NAMES OF FAIRS, WOOL, HIDES, SKINS, SPICES.

A le feste danuers,

To the marte of andwarp,

 

A le feste

¹

de berghes,

¹ festes

To the marte of berow,

 

A le feste de sterebrige,

To the faire of sterbrigge,

 

A le feste de salesburye,

To the faire of salesbury,

4

A le feste de seynct bertilmeu

To seint bartilmews faire

 

Que serra a loundres,

Whiche shall be at london,

 

A le dedicacion de challons,

To the chirchehalyday of chalons,

 

A le foire de cambrige,

To the faire of cambrigge,

8

A le procession de Westmonaistre,

To the procession of Westmestre,

 

A le procession general.

To the procession general.

 

SI achatteray des laines.”
“Coment donnes vous le poise?

ANd I shall bye wulle.”
“How gyue ye the waye?

  12 Que voules vous auoir du clau?

What wyll ye haue of the nayll?

 

Que donrai ie de la pierre?

What shall I gyue for the stone?

 

Que vault la liure

What is worth the pound

 

De cest laine daygneaulx?”

Of this wulle of lambes?”

16

Vous responderes

Ye shall ansuere

 

Ainsi que est escript ailleurs.

Also as it is wreton els where.

 

ENcore ne lairoi ie mie
Que ie ne achatte

YEt shall I not leue it
That I ne bye

  20

Peaulx de vaches,

Hydes of kyen,

 

De quoy on fait cuyr.

Wherof men make lether.

 

De peaulx de chieures ou de bouk

Of fellis of gheet or of the bukke

 

Faitton bon cordewan;

Make men good cordewan;

24

De peaulx de brebis

Of shepes fellis

 

Peult estre fait le basenne;

May be made the basenne;

 

Si en faitton parcemin

So make men also perchemyn

 

En quoy on escript.

In whiche men write.

28

Or aues oyet

Now haue ye herd

 

Des draps, des laines,

Of clothes, of wulle,

 

Des peaulx, et des cuyrs

Of fellis, and of lether,

 

Tout en ung chapitle.

Alle in one chapitre.

32

[

CH. VI.

]

POur ce que ie ne suy
Especier ne apoticaire,

FOr that I am not
Spycier ne apotecarie

   

Ne scay mie nommer

I can not name

 

Touttes manieres despeces;

All maneres of spyces;

36

Mais ien nomerai vne partie:

But I shall name a partie:

 

Gingembre, galigan,

Gynger, galingale,

 

Cubelles, saffran,

Cubibes, saffran,

 

Poiure, commin,

Pepre, comyne,

40

NAMES OF POWDERS, OILS, WAX, WRITING-TABLES, ETC.

Chucre blanc & brun,

Sugre white and broun,

 

Fleur de cammelle,

Flour of cammelle,

 

Anijs, graine de paradis;

Anyse, graynes of paradys;

 

De ces choses faitton confections

Of thise thinges be made confections

4

Et bonnes pou[d]res,

And good poudres,

 

De quoy on fait

Wherof is made

 

Bonnes sausses

Good sausses

 

Et electuaires de medicine.

And electuaries for medicines.

8

OR dirons nous des oyles.
Oyle doliue & de semaile,

NOw shall we saye of the oyles.
Oyle of olyue and of feldeseed,

   

Oyle doliette & de nauette,

Oyle of mecop and of rapeseed,

 

Oyle de lingnuyse,

Oyle of lynseed,

12

Oyle de chenneue;

Oyle of hempseed;

 

Sy faitton moustarde.

And men make mustard.

 

IE achatteray choses
Dont on fait pointures:

I Shall bye thinges
Wherof ben made paintures:

  16

Asur et vert de spaigne

Asure and grene of spayne,

 

Vermeyllon, brezil,

Vermeyllon, brasyll,

 

Vernis, orpiement.

Vernysshe, orpement.

 

ENcore ie veul emploier
Ung somme dargent en sel,

YEt I wyll bystowe
A somme of siluer in salte,

20  

En poit, en harpoit,

In pycche, in rosyn,

 

En verde chire,

In grene waxe,

 

En rouge et gaune chire,

In rede & yelow waxe,

24

En noir chire,

In black waxe,

 

De quoy on emplist

Wherof be fyllyd

 

Les tables

The tables

 

En quoy on aprend

In which men teche

28

Les enfans escripre;

The children to write;

 

Et du sieu,

And of siewet,

 

Saing du porc

The fatte of a swyne

 

Pour faire pottages;

For to make potages;

32

Saing de herencs;

Sayme of hereng;

 

On en oint les sorles.

Men enoynte therwyth shoes.

 

SE je treuue del alun,
Jen achatteray par balles,

IF I fynde alume,
I shall bye by bales,

  36

Car il appertient en la taincture;

For it belongeth in the dyerye;

 

Guades et guarance.

Wood and mader.

 

Mais comment que ie

But how that I

 

Moy entremelle

Me entremete

40

MEASURES, WEIGHTS, METALS AND OTHER WARES.

A faire ce liure,

To make this book,

 

Et ie sache une partie

And I know a partie

 

Coment on nomme les choses;

How men name the thinges;

 

Pour ce ie ne scay mie

Therfor I ne wote not

4

Comment ne pour combien

How ne for how moche

 

Que on vent les biens,

That men selle the goodes,

 

Par mesure ou par poix,

By mesure or by weyght,

 

Par quarters ou par sestiers,

By quarters or by sextiers,

8

Par liures ou par demy liures,

By poundes or by half poundes,

 

Ou par onches,

Or by vnces,

 

Par ballances ou par tonniaulx,

By balances or by barellis,

 

Par vassiaulx ou par balles,

By vessellis or by bales,

12

Par sacs ou par quierques.

By sackes or by lastes.

 

Si que chil

So that he

 

Que scauoir le veult

That wyll knowe it

 

Il le pourra demander

He may axe it

16 Aux marchans

At the marchans

 

Qui bien le sceuent.

Whiche well knowe it.

 

ENcore ie nay mye
Nomme les metaulx

YEt I haue not
named the metals

  20

Qui sensieuent

¹

:

¹ seusiuent

Whiche folowe:

 

Fer, achier, plomb, estain,

Yron, steell, leed, tynne,

 

Keuure & arain,

Coppre and bras,

 

Or, argent, choses dorees,

Gold, siluer, thinges gylt,

24

Choses dargentees,

Thinges siluerid,

 

Coroyes a claux dargent,

Gyrdellis with nayles of siluer,

 

Sainture de soye

Corse of silke

 

A boucle dargent,

With bocle of siluer,

28

Boursses ouuries a leguille.

Purses wrought with the nedle.

 

CHe sont marchandises:
Eguilles, espengles,

THise ben marchandises:
Nedles, pynnes,

   

Aloyeres, tasses,

Pawteners, tasses,

32

Coffyns & escriptoires,

Coffyns and penners,

 

Alesnes, graffes,

Alles, poyntels,

 

Cornets

²

a encre,

² Coruets

Enke hornes,

 

Coutiaulx

³

, forches,

³ Contiaulx

Knyues, sheres,

36

Huuettes de soye,

Huues of silke,

 

Coyfes dhommes,

Coyfes for men,

 

Pendoyrs de soye,

Pendants of silke,

 

Lachets, lannieres,

Laces, poyntes,

40

SILKS. GRAINS. TITLES OF NOBILITY.

Soye vermeylle,

Reed silke,

 

Verde, gaune,

Grene, yelowe,

 

noire soye;

Black silke;

 

De ces soyes

Of thise silkes

4

Faitton bordures.

Make me broythures.

 

CHi feray ie fin,
Et diray des graines:

HEre I shall make an ende,
And shall saye of graynes:

   

Bled, fourment,

Corn, whete,

8

Soille, orge,

Rye, barlye,

 

Auaynne, vesches,

Otes, vessches,

 

Feues, poys.

Benes, pesen.

 

De ces choses suy ie lasses,

Of thise thinges I am wery,

12

Si que ie men reposeray.

So that I shall reste me.

 

[

CH. VII.

]

MAis les grandes seigneurs nommeray;

BUt the grete lordes I shall name;

14

Les prelats de saincte eglise;

The prelats of holy chirche;

 

Les princes, les grandes seigneurs.

The princes, the grete lordes.

16

Premiers des plus haulx:

Fyrst of the hyest:

 

Cest de nostre saint pere

That is of our holy fadre

  Le pape de romme,

The pope of rome,

 

Qui demeure a auignon;

Which duelleth at auynyon;

20

Qui par droit deuroit estre

That by right shold be

 

A grand romme.

At grete rome.

  Apres est le empereur

Next is the emperour

 

Le plus grand seigneur,

The grettest lorde,

24

Lemperesse greigneur dame,

Themperesse the grettest lady,

 

De tout le monde;

Of all the world;

 

Elle est royne dallemaygne.

She is quene of almayne.

 

Le roy de fraunce

The kyng of fraunce

28

Est le plus riche roy

Is the most riche kyng

 

De tresour qui vist

Of tresour that lyueth

 

De la la mer;

Beyonde the see;

 

Le roy dangletere apres

The kyng of englond after

32

Est le plus puissance & riche.

Is the most myghty and riche.

 

Le roy de spayne,

The kyng of spayne,

 

Le roy darragon,

The kyng of aragon,

 

Le roy de cecile,

The kyng of cecile,

36

Le roy de nauare,

The kyng of nauerne,

 

Le roy de behaine,

The kyng

¹

of beme,

¹ byng  

Le roy de polaine,

The kyng of poole,

 

KINGS. DIGNITARIES OF THE CHURCH, MONKS, ETC.

Le roy de dace,

The kyng of denmarke,

 

Le roy de portingal,

The kyng of portingale,

 

Le roy de scoce,

The kyng of scotland,

 

Le roy de naples,

The kyng of naples,

4

Le roy Jherusalem.

The kyng of Jherusalem.

  Larcheuesque de cauntorbie,

Tharchebisshop of caunterbury,

 

Larcheuesque deuerwike,

Tharchebisshop of yorke,

 

Larcheuesque de coloine,

Tharchebisshop of coleyne,

8

De rains, de rohen,

Of raynes, of roen,

 

De magonce, de trieris.

Of mence, of treyer.

 

Leuesque de loundres,

The bisshop of london,

 

Leuesque de wincestre,

The bisshop of wynchestre,

12

Leuesque de chestre,

The bisshop of chestre,

 

Leuesque de lincolne,

The bisshop of lyncolne,

 

Leuesque de paris,

The bisshop of parys,

 

Leuesque de senlis,

The bisshop of senlys,

16

Leuesque de biauuaix,

The bisshop of biauuays,

 

Leuesque de liege,

The bisshop of luke,

 

Leuesque de cambray,

The bisshop of camerik,

 

Leuesque de terwaen.

The bisshop of terrewyn.

20

Mais par deseure eulx

But aboue them

  Sont les dousze cardinaulx.

Ben the xii. cardynals.

 

Par desoubz les euesques

Vnder the bisshoppes

 

Sont les abbees,

Ben the abbotes,

24

Les officiaulx,

The officials,

 

Les preuosts, les doyens,

The prouostes, the denes,

 

Les pryeurs, les gardiens.

The pryours, the wardeyns.

 

Desoubs tels maistres

Vnder suche maisters

28

Sont les prebstres.

Ben the prestes.

 

Les channonnes sont renteez;

The chanons ben rented;

 

On veult dyre

Men wyll saye

 

Que vng abbe de clingny

That an abbot of cluny

32

Est le plus riche clercq

Is the richest clerke

 

Qui soit en

¹

le monde

¹ on

That

isin

the world

 

Apres le pape.

Next the pope.

  Grys moysnes sont

Gray monkes ben

36

Del ordene de chistiaulx;

Of the ordre of cistiauls;

 

Saint bernard est leur patron.

Seint bernard is theyr patron.

 

Blancs moynes treuue on

White monkys men fynde

 

Del ordene de premonstre;

Of the ordre of premonstrence;

40

MONKS AND NUNS. THE GREAT ONES OF THE WORLD.

Noirs moisnes del ordene

Blac monkes of the ordre

 

Saincte benoit;

Of seynt benet;

 

Guillemynes, freres mineurs,

Wyllemyns and frere menours,

 

Jacopins, chartreurs,

Blac freris & monkes of chartre hous,

4

Carmes, Augustins,

White freris and austyns,

 

Prescheurs, Bogars,

Prechers, lewd freris,

 

Curats, chappelains,

Curattes, chappelains,

 

Abbesses, prioresses,

Abbesses, prioresses,

8

Nonnains

Nonnes

 

Del ordene saynt clare,

Of the ordre of seint clare,

 

Beghines, clergesses.

Beghyns, clergesses.

 

ORes viennent les noms
Des ducs, des countes,

NOw comen the names
Of dukes, of erles,

12  

De duc deuerwik,

Of the duke of yorke,

 

De duc de lancastre,

Of the duke of lancastre,

 

De duc de bretaigne,

Of the duke of bretaigne,

16

De duc de guyhenne,

Of the duke of guyan,

 

De duc de ghelres,

Of the duke of gheldreland,

 

De duc de bourgoigne,

Of the duke of burgoyne,

 

De duc daustrice;

Of the duke of ostryche;

20

Le counte darondel,

The erle of arondel,

 

Le counte de kente,

The erle of kente,

 

Le counte dessex,

The erle of essex,

  Le¹ counte weruy, ¹ La

The erle of warwyke,

24

Le counte de flaundres,

The erle of flaundres,

 

Le counte de clermont,

The erle of clermonde,

 

De boulougne, de sainct pol,

Of boloyne, of saint pol,

 

De hainau, de holant;

Of henaud, of holand;

28

Chastelain de douures;

Castelayn of douer;

  Viscounte de biaumont,

Vycounte

³

of beaumond,

³ Vyconnte  

De bourshier, de berghes,

Of bousser, of berow,

 

Cheualiers, esquiers hardyz.

Knyghtes, squyers hardy.

32

Messire ernoul de noirs est banerets^{2 2} bauerets

Sir arnold of noirs is a banerett

 

Et fu connestable de fraunce.

And was conestable of fraunce.

 

Messier daspremont

My lord of aspremond

 

Est double banerets.

is double banerette.

36

Les noms des dames:

The names of ladies:

 

La bonne royne,

The good quene,

 

Ducesse, contesse, princesse;

Duchesse, countesse, princesse;

 

Pour teles dames

For suche ladies

40

NAMES (WITH FOLK’S TRADES): ADAM—ABRAHAM.

Sont les tournoys,

Ben the tournemens,

 

Les Joustemens,

The Joustynges,

 

Les grandes guerres,

The grete werres,

 

De quoy les grands maistres

Wherof the grete maistres

4

D[e] theologie, dastronomye,

Of diuinite, of astronomye,

 

nen ont que faire,

Have not to doo,

 

Et sont en repoz,

And ben in reste,

 

Et les maistres de medicines

And the maistres of medicyns

8

Et les cirurgiens aussi.

And the surgyens also.

 

[

CH. VIII.

]

POur ce que pluyseurs mots
Cherront ou pourront cheoir

FOr this that many wordes
Shalle fall or may falle

   

Qui ne sont point plainement

Which ben not playnly

12

Cy deuant escrips,

Here tofore wreton,

 

Sy vous escripray

So shall I write you

 

Doresenauant

Fro hens forth

 

Diuerses maters

Diuerse maters

16

De touttes choses,

Of all thynges,

 

Puis de lun puis de lautre,

Syth of one sith of anothir,

 

Ou quel chapitle

In which chapitre   [pp. 25-47]

 

Je veul conclure

I wyll conclude

20

Les noms dhommes & des femmes

The names of men and of wymmen

 

Selon lordre del a. b. c.,

After the ordre of a. b. c.,

 

Les noms des mestiers,

The names of craftes,

 

Sy comme vous poes oyer.

So as ye may here.

24

“ADam, amaine cha
Mon cheual tantost,

“ADam, bryng hyther
My hors anone,

   

e luy metz

And sette on hym

 

La selle et le frain.

The sadel and brydle.

28

Ie cheuaucheray

I shall ryde

 

La iay promise a estre

There I haue promysed to be

 

A ung parlement

To a parlamente

 

Ou a ung annyuersaire.

Or to a yeres mynde.

32

Regarde sil est ferres

Beholde yf he be shoed

 

Des quatre piets;

On four feet;

 

Se il nelest,

Yf he be not,

 

Si le maine ferrer.”

So lede hym to be shoed.”

36

“

A

braham, cest faict.

“

A

braham, hit is done.

 

Tenes, montes;

Holde, sitte vp;

 

Chausies vous bousiaux,

Do on your bootes,

 

Vous esperons.

Your spores.

40

ALPHABET OF NAMES: ADRYAN—ANCEL. Wine. Breakfast.

Puis vous desiunes

Syth breke your fast

 

Ainchois¹ que vous departes.” ¹ Amchois

Er ye hens departe.”

 

“

A

dryan, ou

²

en ales vous?

² on

“

A

dryan, where well ye goo?

 

Se vous alles mon chemyn

Yf ye goo my way

4

Ie vous tenroye companye.”

I shall holde you companye.”

 

“Si en serroye moult Joyeulx.”

“So shall I be moche glad.”

 

“

A

lart, or en alons

“

A

larde, now goo we

 

Sans

³

arrester

³ Saus

Withoute

⁶

tarieng

⁶ Withonte 8

Se nous voulons venir

If we wylle come

 

Ainsi comme nous

Lyke as we

 

Et les aultres auons promis.”

And the othir haue promised.”

 

“

A

bel, ou vendt on

“

A

bel, where selle men

12

Le meillour vin de cest ville?

The beste wyn of this toune?

 

Dictes le nous,

Saye it vs,

 

Nous vous en prions.”

We pray you.”

 

“

A

ndrieu, le meillour vent on

“

A

ndrew, the beste selleth me

16

A la rue des lombars.

In the strete of lombardis.

 

Car ie lay assaye;

For I haue assayed;

 

Cest dung plein tonniel,

Hit is of a full fatte,

 

Au pris de viij. deniers,

At pris of viij. pens,

20

En le premier tauerne

And [at] the first tauerne

 

Que vous trouueres.”

That ye shall fynde.”

 

“

A

ndrieu, va querre

“

A

ndrew, goo fecche

 

Ung quart et demy,

A quart and an half,

24

Et te fais bien mesurer.

And doo the well to be meten.

 

Si buuerons ung trait;

So shall we drynke a draught;

  Nous desiunerons des trippes,

We shall breke our fast with trippes,

 

De la foye, du poumon,

Of the lyuer, of the longhe,

28

Vng piet du buef,

A foot of an oxe,

 

Vng piet du porke,

A foot of a swyne,

 

Vng teste daux;

An hede of garlyke;

 

Se nous desiunerons

^{4 4} desiunerous

So shall we breke our faste

32

Et buuerons becq a becq.”

And shall drynke becke to beck.”

 

“

A

ncel, mets la table

“

A

ncelme, sette the table

 

Et les estaulx,

And the trestles,

 

Laue les voirs,

Wasshe the glasses,

36

Respaulme le

⁵

hanap,

⁵ la

Spoylle the cuppe,

 

Dresce a manger,

Dresse to ete,

 

Taille du pain,

Cutte brede,

 

Laue le mortier

Wasshe the mortier,

40

NAMES: ARNOLD—ADRIEN. Day-work. Months of the Year.

Et le pestiel,

And the pestel,

 

Fay nous des aulx;

Make vs somme garlyk;

 

Nous en aurons toute jour

We shall haue all the day

 

Plus chault en nous membres.”

More hete in our membres.”

4

“

A

rnoul, verses du vin,

“

A

rnold, gyue us wyne

 

Et nous donnes a boire.”

And gyue vs to drynke.”

 

“Non feray; ie poyle des aulx.

“I shall not, I pylle the gharlyk.

 

Alles ainchois

¹

lauer;

¹ amchois

Goo erst wasshe;

8

Vous beuuries bien a temps.”

Ye shall drynke well in tyme.”

 

“

A

ubin est a le

²

porte,

² ? la

“

A

ubin is at the gate,

 

Mais al huys.

But at the dore.

 

Vase le laisse ens.

Goo late hym in.

12

Je croy quil maporte

I trowe that he bryngeth me

 

Ce quil me doibt.”

That he me oweth.”

  A

nthoine est ung preudhomme

³

;

³ prendhomme A

ntonye is a wyse man;

 

Il se lieue touts les nuyts

He ariseth alle the nyghtes

16

Pour oyer mattines.

For to here matynes.

 

Il ne me chault

Me ne reccheth

 

De son matin leuer

Of his erly risyng

 

Ou de son dormier,

Or of the

⁵

slepyng,

⁵ ? his 20

Ne de son veiller.

Ne of his wakyng.

 

“

A

ugustin, ou estu?”

“

A

ustyn, where art thou?”

 

“Il est a lescole.

“He is at the scole,

 

Il sen ala a prime.

He is goon to prime.

24

Il reuendra a tierce,

He shall come agayn at tyerse,

 

Non fera mie

⁴

a mydy.”

⁴ nuie

He shall not at mydday.”

 

“Or viegne a none.”

“Now come a none.”

 

“Ie vouldroye quil demourast

“I wolde that he abode

28 Iusques as vespres,

Vntil euensonge,

 

Voire, iusques a complye;

Ye truly, vntil complyne;

 

Et sil demourast

And yf he taried

 

Iusques a matines

Vntil matyns

32

Ou iusques a mynuyt,

Or vntil mydnyght,

 

Et sil ne reuenist iamais,

And yf he come neuer,

 

Ie ny acompteroye gaires.”

I shold not recche moche.”

 

“

A

drien, parles a moy:

“

A

dryan, speke to me:

36

Combien de moys sont en lan?

How many monethes ben in the yere?

 

Quels sont ils?”

Which ben they?”

 

“Ianuier, Feurier,

“Janiuer, Feuerer,

 

Mars, Apuril,

Marche, Aprille,

40

NAMES: AGNES—APPOLINE. Feasts and Terms.

May, Iung,

Maye, Iuyn,

 

Iullet, Aougst,

Iuyll, August,

 

Septembre, Octobre,

Septembre, Octobre,

 

Nouembre, Decembre.”

Nouembre, Decembre.”

4

AGnes no meschyne
Scet bien nommer

AGnes our maid
Can well name

    Toutes les grandes festes

All the grete festes

 

Et les termes de lan.

And the termes of the yere.

8

“Damoyselle, nommes les.”

“Damyselle, name them.”

 

“Non feray, se dieu mait;

“I shall not, so god helpe me!

  A

gathe les nommera.”

A

gace shall name them.”

 

“De par dieu, puis quainsi

¹

soit!

¹ quaiusi

“In gods name, sith it soo is!

12

A noel, a pasques,

At cristemasse, at estre,

 

Alascension, a la pentechoste,

At assencion, at Whitsontid,

 

La trinite, a la saint iehan,

The trinite, at seint Johan,

 

Le iour de saint piere,

The day of saint petre,

16

A le seint remy,

At seynt remyge,

 

Le iour de tous sains,

The day of all

⁵

halowes,

⁵ oll  

A le saint martin,

At seint martins messe,

 

A le saint xpōfre,

At seint xpriforis,

A 20

A nostre dame en marche,

At our lady in marche,

 

A le chandeloer

²

,

² chandeber

At candlemasse,

 

A la nostre dame my aoust,

At our lady in heruest,

 

A quaremien

³

,

³ quaremiou

At shroftyde,

24

Le iour de pasques florie,

The day of palme sonday,

 

Le iour de lan,

The new yers day,

 

Le

⁴

iour des trois roix,

⁴ Les

The day of thre kynges,

 

Le

⁴

peneuse sepmaine,

The paynful weke,

28

An, demy an,

Yere, half yere,

 

Le iour du sacrament,

The day of sacrament,

  Le procession deuerwik,

The procession of yorke,

 

Le procession de couentre;

The procession of couentre;

32

Les pardons de syon

The pardon of syon

 

Serount au commencement daust.”

Shall be at the begynnyng of august.”

 

“

A

ppoline, venes boire.”

“

A

ppolyn, come ete.”

 

“Non feray, saulue vostre grace!

“I ne shall not, sauf your grace!

36

Encore buuray ie,

Yet shall I drynke,

 

Car ie ne refuse point

For I reffuse not

 

Le hanap

The cuppe;

 

NAMES: ANASTASE—ALBERT. A Three Years’ Peace coming.

Ce serroit villonnie.”

That were vylonye.”

 

“

A

nastase, aues mengist?”

“

A

nastase, haue ye eten?”

 

“Encore dyne ie;

“Yet I dyne;

 

A nuyt soupperay ie.”

At nyght I shall souppe.”

4

“Vous aues bien vo temps

“Ye haue well your tyme

 

Qui si longement

That so longe

 

Estes in solas.”

Be in solace.”

 

“Dennuy de meschance

“Fro noyeng of meschief

8

Me veul garder,

I wyll kepe me,

 

De duel de maise auenture,

Fro sorow of euil auenture,

 

Mais toudis viure en joye

But alleway lyue in ioye

 

Sers mon deduit.”

Shall be my byledyng.”

12

“

A

mand, vostre serouge,

“

A

mand, your cosen alyed

 

A plus belle amye

Hath a fairer lyef

 

Que vous nayes,

Than ye haue,

 

Et mieulx aprise

And better taught

16

Que ie nen scay nulle;

Than I knowe ony;

 

Elle est belle et sage,

She is faire and wyse,

 

Si quils pourroient auoir

So that they myght have

 

Asses des biens ensamble.”

Ynough of goodes to gedyr.”

20

“

A

melberge est bien plaisante;

“

A

melbergh is well plaisa

u

nt;

 

Dieu luy doinst bon eur!

God gyue her good happe!

 

Ves le cy ou

¹

elle vient.”

¹ on

See her hiere where she cometh.”

 

“Ves moy cy, voirement!

“See me hiere, veryly!

24

Que dittes vous de moy?”

What saye ye of me?”

 

“Nous ne disons de vous

“We ne saye of you

 

Synon que bien.”

Nothing but good.”

 

“

A

lbert de haesbrouk!

“

A

lbright of haesburgh!

28

Venes vous de la ville?”

Come ye fro the toune?”

 

“Oyl, sire, sil vous plaist.”

“Ye, sire, yf it plese you.”

 

“Quelles nouuelles

“What tydynges

 

Nous apportes vous?”

To vs brynge ye?”

32

“Bonnes et belles;

“Good and fair;

  Car on dist

For men saye

 

Que paix serra

That peas shall be

 

Entre les deux roys

Bitwene the two kynges

36

Et leurs royames,

And theyr royames,

 

Ou trieues

²

pour trois ans.”

² trienes

Or triews for thre yere.”

 

“Sire, de celle bouche

“Sir, with that mouth

 

Puyssies vin boire.”

Mote ye wyn drynke.”

40

NAMES: BAUDEWIN—BERTRAN. English and Scotch Peace.

BAudewin le cousin charles
Est mareschal de fraunce.

BAudewyn the cosin of charles
Is mareshall of fraunce.

   

Il me disoit

He sayde to me

 

Quil sera respyt

That it shall be respyte

4

Entre les engloys

Bitwene the englisshmen

 

Et les escochoys.

And the scottes.

 

Il en a eubt lettres.

He had therof lettres.

 

Benoit

le vylain

Benet

the chorle

8

Est lieutenant

Is lieutenant

 

Du bailly damiens

Of the baylly of amyas

 

Et de la preuostie.

And of the prouostye.

 

Il est mes parens

He is my kynnesman

12

Et ie le sien;

And I am his;

 

Si men puis vanter.

So I me auaunte.

 

“

B

ernard, est le clocque sounee

“

B

ernard, is the clocke sowned

 

Pour aller a le euure?”

For to goo to werke?”

16

“Vous

¹

voules dire

¹ Vons

“Ye wolde saye

 

Le clocque des ouuriers?”

The belle of werkemen?”

 

“Non fay, vrayement,

“I ne doo, truly,

 

Mais le clocque du iour.”

But the day belle.”

20

“Oyl, tres grand pieche.”

“Ye, ouer a grete while.”

 

“

B

oneface, fais du feu;

“

B

oneface, make fyer,

 

Fais bouillir lencre.

Make the ynche to seethe,

 

Si mets plus de galles

And put therin mo galles

24

Et plus de substaunce,

And more substance,

 

Et mouue le qui narde.”

And styre it that it brenne not.”

 

“

B

erthelmieu, demores cy

“

B

ertilmewe, abyde hiere

 

Auecques nous huymais.

With vs this day.

28

Nous vous donrons

^{2 2} donrous

We shall gyue you

 

De ce que nous avons

³

,

³ a vons

Of that we haue,

 

Et de ce que dieu nous a preste.

And of that which god hath lente vs.

 

Si vous fera on

So men make to you

32

Ung biau lite;

A fayr bedde;

 

Vous ne aures pys

Ye shall haue no werse

 

Que nous mesmes.”

Than we our self.”

  “Bertran, ce seroit asses;

“

B

ertram, this shall be ynough;

36

Car se il ny auoit

For yf he haue

 

Fors que du pain

Nothing than brede

 

Et bon ceruoyse

And good ale

 

Il me souffiroit,

Hit shold suffyse me,

40

NAMES: BARNABE—CYPRIEN. Baking, Washing.

Si comme a chescun

So as to euerich

 

Doibt souffire.”

It ought suffyse.”

 

“

B

arnabe, alles vous ent!

“

B

arnabe, goo ye hens!

 

Nous ne auons cure

We haue no charge

4

De vostre companie.

Of your felawship.

 

Ne vous coroucies point!

Ne angre you not!

 

Car sacies tout a plain

For knowe ye all plainly

 

Que vostre compaignie

That your felawship

8

Nest bonne ne belle.”

Is not good ne fayr.”

 

“

B

asilles, que vous couste

“

B

asylle, what hath coste you

 

Mon menage,

My houshold,

 

Que vous vous plaindes de moy?”

That ye playne you of me?”

12

“Plaigne ou ne plaigne point,

“Playne or playne nothyng,

 

Ie naray iamais

I shall haue neuer

 

Compaignie auecq vous

Companye with you

 

Tant come ie viue,

As longe as I lyue,

16

Ou la vie ou corps auray.”

Or the lyf in my body shall haue.”

 

“

B

rixe, va ou four,

“

B

ryce, go to the ouen

 

Pour les pastees;

For the pasteyes;

 

Sacque hors lespaude

Drawe out the sholdre

20

De lespoye tout chault,

Of the spete all hoot,

 

Car il est asses rostis,

For it is ynough rosted,

 

Et le drechies par escuelles.”

And dresse it by disshes.”

 

“Sire, les pastees sont venus;

“Sire, the pasteyes be come;

24

Le rost est drechye.”

The roste is dressyd.”

 

Beatrix

le lauendier

Beatrice

the lauendre

 

Venra cy apres mengier;

Shall come hether after diner;

 

Se ly baillies les ligne draps;

So gyue her the lynnen clothis.

28

Elle les buera nettement.

She shall wassh them clenly.

 

“

B

erte, escures les pots

“

B

erte, skowre the pottes

 

Contre ces haulz iours

Ayenst thise hye dayes

 

En le chambre par tout.”

In the chambre ouer all.”

32

COlard li orfeure
Me doibt faire

COlard the goldsmyth
Oweth me to make

   

Ma chainture,

My gyrdle,

 

Vne couroye clauwe

A gyrdle nayled

36

dargent, pesant quarant deniers,

With siluer, weyeng xl. pens,

  Et vng triaclier.

And a triacle boxe.

  C

yprien le tisseran

C

yprien the weuar

 

Ma promys a tystre

Hath promysed to weue

40

NAMES: COLARD—CLEMENCE. Kempster, Spinster, &c.

Mon drap

My cloth

 

Demain ou apres demain.

To morow or after morow.

 

“Quand y fu le file porte?”

“Whan was the thred theder born?”

 

“Hier, deuant hier.

“Yesterday, tofore yesterday.

4

Anthan, deuant anthan,

Foryere, tofor foryere,

 

Ne leust on mye tissu

Hit had not be wouen

 

Pour autant come a iourdhuy,

For as moche as on this day,

 

Ne si hastiuement

¹

.”

¹ hastinement

Ne so hastyly.”

8 C

olard ly foulon

C

olard the fuller

 

Scet bien fouler drap.

Can well fulle cloth.

 

Si veul ie quil le foule;

So wylle I that he fulle;

 

Encore est il moult dangereux.

Yet is he moche dangerous.

12 Conrad li tondeurs C

onrade the sherman.

 

Le doibt tondre;

He oweth to shere;

 

Il prende del aulne quatre mites

He taketh of the elle foure mytes

 

Puis que les tondeurs

Syth that the sheremen

16

Eurent leur franchise.

Hadde theyr franchise.

  K

atherine la pigneresse

K

atherin the kempster

 

Fu cy aurain pour argent.

Was hiere right now for moneye.

 

Elle iura par sa foye

She swore by her faith

20

Quelle ne pigna oncques

That she kembyth neuer

 

Laine si bien;

Wulle so well;

 

Pour ce lui payera on bien.

Therfor men shall paye her well.

  C

ecile la fyleresse

C

ecyle the spinster

24

Vint auecques elle.

Cam with her.

 

Elle prise moult vostre fylet

She preyseth moche your yarn

 

Qui fu filee a le keneule;

That was sponne on the dystaf;

 

Mais le fil

But the yarne

28

Quon fila au rouwet

That was sponne on the whele

 

A tant de neuds

Hath so many cnoppes

 

Que cest merueille a veoir.

That it is meruaylle to see.

  C

olombe le boysteuse

C

olombe the halting

32

Sen ala tenchant de cy,

Wente her chydyng from hens,

 

Pour ce que ie

For this that I

 

Le vouloye baysier;

Wolde haue kyssed her;

 

Neantmoins nauoye ie talent,

Neuertheless I had no luste,

36

Et elle me mauldist,

And she me cursyd,

 

Et ie le remauldis.

And I cursyd her agayn.

  C

lement &

C

lemence son fillaistre

C

lement &

C

lemence his step­doughter

 

NAMES: CLARE—DONAAS. Cloth-hurler, Bridlemaker.

Tencierent ensamble;

Chydden to gyder;

 

Elle dist que oncques parastre

She said that neuer stepfadre

 

Ne marastre furent bons;

Ne stepmodre were good;

 

Elle luy reprouua quil¹ auoit trouue ¹ ? Il . . . qu’il l’

He repreuud her that he² had founden ² she

4

Luytant a vng valleton.

Her wrastlying with a boye.

  C

lare la aueugle

C

lare the blynde

 

Va pour son pain.

Goth for her breed.

 

Aulmosne y est bien employe,

Almesse is there well bestowed,

8

Car au temps quelle veoit

For the tyme that she sawe

 

Elle eust enuys demande;

She had not gladly axed;

 

Si que cest pite de elle.

So that is pite of her.

  C

larisse la esbourysse

C

larisse the nopster

12

Scet bien son mestier.

Can well her craft.

 

“Tresquand le a elle aprys

“Syth whan hath she lerned it

 

Draps esbourier?”

Cloth for to noppe?”

 

“Que demandes vous?

“What axe ye?

16

Elle eu fu berchie.

She was ther with rocked.

 

Elle a bien a faire

She hath good to doo

 

Quelle gaigne moult,

That she wynne moche,

 

Car elle est moult gloutee.”

For she is moche lichorous.”

20

DAvid le lormier
Est ung bon ouurier

DAvid the bridelmaker
Is a good werkman

   

De faire selles,

For to make sadles,

 

Frains, & esperons,

Bridles, and spores,

24

Et ce quil y affiert.

And that thereto belongeth.

  D

enis le fourbisseur

D

enis the fourbysshour

 

A de moy vng espee

Hath of me a swerd

 

De tresbon taillant,

Of right good cuttyng,

28

Vng couttel a pointe,

A knyfe with a poynte,

 

Vng espee,

A swerde,

 

Quil me doibt fourbier.

Whiche me ought to furbysshe.

  D

amyan le armoyer

D

amyan the armorer

32

Me vendra vnes plates,

Shall selle me a plate,

 

Vng bachinnet,

A bacenet,

 

Vng haubergon,

An habergeon,

 

Vng gorgiere,

A gorgette,

36

Gauns de fer.

Gloues of yron.

  D

onace le pourpointier

D

onaas the doblet maker

 

A parfaicte mon pourpainte

Hath performed my doublet

 

Et mon paltocque.

And my Jaquet.

40

NAMES: EUSTACE—ERMENTIN. Upholster, Painter, &c.

EVstaes le tailleur
A tant de taillier,

EVstace the taillour
Hath so moche to cutte,

    Pour la bonne diligence

For the good diligence

 

Quil faict a peuple

That he doth to the peple

4

De liurer leurs vestures

To deliuere their clothes

 

Au iour quil a promys.

Atte day that he hath promysed.

 

Pour ce il ne cesse

Therfor he resteth not

 

Nuyt ne iour;

Nyght ne day;

8

Et sy a plente de coustriers;

And hath plente of sowers;

 

Encore dont ne peult il

Yet thenne he may not

 

A grand paine liurer aux gens

With grete payne deliuere the peple

 

Ce quil leurs promet.

That whiche he hath promysed hem.

12 E

uraerd le vieswarier

E

uerard the vpholster

 

Scet bien estoupper

Can well stoppe

 

Vng mantel trauwet,

A mantel hooled,

 

Refouller, regratter,

Full agayn, carde agayn,

16

Rescourer vne robe,

Skowre agayn a goune,

 

Et tous vieulx draps.

And alle old cloth.

  E

lyas le pointurer

E

lyas the paynter

 

E[s]t remaysonnes et remues

Is howsed agayn and remeuyd

20

De la ou il soloit demourer.

Fro thens where was woned to
duelle.

   

Il y met si longement

He tarieth so longe

 

Mon drap a taindre

My cloth to dye

24

Que iaray dommage de luy.

That I shall haue harme of hym.

 

De quel couleur le taindra il?

Of what colour shall he dye it?

 

De bresille, de galles,

Of brasylle, of galles,

 

Il destaindera tantost.

He shall stayne it anon.

28

Je le feroye descorche,

I shalle doo it with barke.

  E

stieuene le voirier

S

teuen the glasyer

 

Luy pria qui le fesist bien;

Praid hym he wold do it wel;

 

Se luy en merchies

So thanke hym

32

Quand vous le verres,

Whan ye hym see,

 

Car il affiert bien.

For it behoueth well.

  E

rmentin gist malade;

E

rmentin lieth seke;

 

Parles tout bas.

Speke all softe.

36

On portera son vrine

Men shall bere his vrine

 

Au maistre alfrant.

To maistre alfranke.

 

Regarde que lorynal

See that the vrinall

 

soit net et clere;

Be clene and clere;

40

NAMES: FRANCIS—FERRAUNT. Draper, Wine-crier, Baker, &c.

Et sil est ort,

And yf it be foull,

 

Se le frotte dedens.

So rubbe it within.

 

Keuure ta soer; elle suera;

Couer thi suster; she shall suete;

 

Se luy vauldra moult.

Hit shall auaille her moche.

4

Elle lui vient de paour:

Hit cam to here of fere:

 

Elle vey bateiller deux hommes,

She saw two men fighten,

  Dont lun fu tues

Of whom that one was slayn

 

Et laultre quassies.

And that othir hurte.

8

FRancoys le drappier
Est ung riche homme;

F[R]Aunseys¹ the drapier ¹ Fanuseys
Is a riche man;

   

Cest bien employe;

It is well bestowed;

 

Il donne voulentiers pour dieu;

He gyueth gladly for goddes sake;

12

Il visette les deshaities,

He visiteth them that be not hole,

 

Les prisonniers,

The prisoners,

 

Si conseille les vesues

Also counseilleth the wedowes

 

Et les orphenins.

And the orphans.

16 F

irmin le tauernier

F

remyn the tauerner

 

A deux tonniaulx de moust.

Hath two tonnes of muste.

 

Il ma presente

He hath profred me

 

A croire se ien a faire.

To borowe yf I haue to doo with hem.

20

Enuoyes en querir;

Sende to fecche them;

 

Il passe legierment le gorge.

Hit passeth lyghtly the throte.

  F

rederic le vin crieres

F

rederik the wyn criar

 

Dist quil vault bien

Saith that it is well worth

24

Ce quon vende.

That men selleth it for.

 

Il a droyt quil le dist;

He hath right that he it saith;

 

Il enboyt grandz traits.

He drynketh grete draughtes.

  Fierin le boulengier F

ierin the baker

28

Vend blanc pain et brun.

Selleth whit brede and broun.

 

Il a sour son grenier gisant

He hath vpon his garner lieng

 

Cent quartiers de bled.

An hondred quarters of corn.

 

Il achate a temps et a heure,

He byeth in tyme and at hour,

32

Si quil na point

So that he hath not

 

Du chier marchiet.

Of the dere chepe.

  F

ourchier le cardewanner

F

orcker the cordewanner

 

Met plus de cuir a oeuure

Put more lether to werke

36

Que trois aultres,

Than thre othir,

 

Sy bonne vente a il

So good sale hath he

 

Des solers et galoches.

Of shoes and of galoches.

  F

errau[n]s le chausser

F

erraunt the hosyer

40

NAMES: PHILIPOTE—GERVAIS. Thief’s ear cut off, &c.

Fait chausses si mal taillies

Maketh hosen so euyll shapen

 

Et si mal cousues

¹

,

¹ consues

And so euyll sewed,

 

Que ie ne conseilleroye nulluy

That I shall counseille noman

 

Chauses a luy achatter.

Hosyn of hym to bye.

4 P

helipote le tigneuse

P

hilipote the scallyd

 

Embla a son maistre

Stall fro her maister

 

Vng forgierel

A forcyer

  Ou il auoit dedens

Where ther was therin

8

Biaucop dorfrois

Many orfrayes

 

Et de reubans de soye

And rybans of silke

 

Et de la fustane;

And of fustain;

 

Si quil le fist prendre

So that he toke her

12

Et mettre en prison;

And sette in prison;

 

Puis eubt elle

Syth had she

 

Loreille copee;

Her ere cutte of;

 

Si quelle menacha

So that she thretened

16

Son maistre a faire tuer.

Her maister to be slayn.

 

Quoy quel en aduiegne,

What so euer come therof,

 

Chescun garde sa loiaulte!

Eueriche kepe his trowthe!

  F

elix le ouurier de soye

F

elice the silkewoman

20

Fait tant de bourses

maketh so many purses

 

Et aloyeres de soye;

And pauteners of silke;

 

Car elle en est maistresse.

For she is therof a maistresse.

 

GVillebert le arcenier
Fait les arcs et les sagettes;

GVysebert the bowemaker
Maketh the bowes & the arowes;

24  

Les arblastriers trayent.

The arblastrers shote.

  G

erard le moulenier,

G

herard the myllar,

 

Selon ce quon dist,

After that men saye,

28

Emble le moytie

Steleth the half

 

Du bled ou de farine

^{2 2} farme

Of corn or of mele

 

De ceulx qui luy

Of them that to hym

 

Apportent a mieuldre.

Brynge to grynde.

32

La moytie ne emble il mye,

The half he steleth not,

 

Mais vng peu de chescun sac.

But a lytyll of euery sack.

 

Geruas le escripuain
Scet bien escripre chartres,

Geruays the scriuener
Can well write chartres,

  36

Preuileges, instrumens,

Preuyleges, instrumentis,

 

Debtes, receptes,

Dettes, receyttes,

 

Testamens, copies.

Testamentis, copies.

 

Il scet bien compter

He can well rekene

40

NAMES: GOMBERT—GUY. Writing, the Noblest Craft, &c.

Et rendre comptes

And yelde rekenynges

 

De toutes rentes,

Of all rentes,

 

Soit de rentes a vye,

Be they of rente for lyf,

 

Ou rentes herytables,

Or rent heritable,

4

De toutes censes.

Of all fermes.

 

Il est bien prouffitables

He is well proufitable

 

En vng bon seruice;

In a good seruise;

 

Ce quil escript

That whiche he writeth

8

Demeure celee.

Abydeth secrete.

  Cest la plus noble mestier

Hit is the most noble craft

 

Qui soit au monde;

That is in the world;

 

Car il nest si hault

For ther is none so hye

12

Ne si noble

Ne so noble

 

Qui se ahontier peult

That may hym shame

 

De le aprendre ne de le faire.

For to lerne ne for to doo.

 

Se nest lescripture

Yf it were not the scripture

16

La loy & foy periroyent,

The law and faith shold perisshe,

 

Et toute la saincte escripture

And all the holy scripture

 

Ne seroit mise en oubly.

Shall not be put in forgeting.

 

Pour ce chescun loial xpristien

Therfore euery true cristen man

20

Le doibt faire aprendere

[? aprendre]

Ought for to do lerne

 

A ses enfans et parens;

To his children and frendes;

 

Et le doibuent meismes scavoir,

And them selfe owe it to knowe,

 

Ou aultrement, sans faulte,

Or othirwyse, withoute faulte,

24

Dieu leurs demandera

God shall demande them

 

Et en prendera vengance;

And shall take of vengeaunce;

 

Car ignourance

For ignorance

 

Pas ne les excusera.

Shall nothyng excuse hem.

28

Chescun si acquite

Euery man so acquite hym

 

Comme il vouldra respondre!

As he wylle ansuere!

  Gombers le bouchiere G

ombert the bocher

 

Demeure dencoste le boucerie.

Duelleth beside the bocherie.

32

Il vent si bien ses chars

He selleth so well his flessh

 

Que luy appiert;

That to hym it appereth;

 

Car luy voy si poure

For I sawe hym so poure

 

Quil ne scauoit

^{1 1} scanoit

That he knewe not

36

Que bouter en sa bouche.

What to put in his mouth.

 

Pour ce est bonne chose

Therfore it is good thyng

 

Scauoir vng bon mestier.

To conne a good craft.

  Guyd le poissonner G

uy the fysshmonger

40

NAMES: GABRIEL—GEORGE. Linen-weaver, Bookseller, &c.

Ne sest mye pis portes,

Hath not werse borne hym,

 

Si quil appert aual sa maison.

So as it apperith after his hous.

 

Il vend toutes manieres

He selleth all maners

 

De poissons de mer

Of see fysshe

4

Et de doulce eauwe

And of fressh water

 

Lesquels sont escripts

The whiche ben wreton

 

Dessus en aulcun lieu

To fore in som place

 

Dedens ce liure.

Within this book.

8 G

abriel le tillier

G

abriel the lynweuar

 

Tist ma toille

Weueth my lynnencloth

 

De fil de lin

Of threde of flaxe

  Et destoupes.

And of touwe.

12

Si me fault de le traisme

Me lacketh woef

 

Et de lestam.

And of warpe.

 

Est elle acheuee?

Is it ended?

 

Oyl, des ioefdy

Ye, sith thursday

16

Elle est tissue

Hit is wouen

 

Pour fair blancher.

For to doo white.

  Ghyselins le corbillier G

hyselin the mande maker

 

A vendu ses vans,

Hath sold his vannes,

20

Ses corbilles,

His mandes or corffes,

 

Ses tammis.

His temmesis to clense with.

  Gherlin le chaudrelier G

heryn the ketelmaker

 

A este a bonne feest;

Hath ben at a good fayre;

24

Il a lassie

He hath there lefte

 

Grand plente de batteries

¹

;

¹ barteries

Grete plente of baterye;

 

Lesquelles denrees

The whiche penyworthis

 

Ie ne nommeray point,

I shall not name,

28

Car ils sont nommees

For they be named

 

En vng des chapitres.

In one of the chapitres.

  G

eorge le librarier

G

eorge the booke sellar

 

A plus des liures

Hath moo bookes

32

Que tout ceulx de lauile.

Than all they of the toune.

 

Il les achate touts

He byeth them all

 

Tels quils soient,

Suche as they ben,

 

Soient embles ou enprintees,

Be they stolen or enprinted,

36

Ou aultrement pourchacies.

Or othirwyse pourchaced.

 

Il a doctrinaulx, catons,

He hath doctrinals, catons,

 

Heures de nostre dame,

Oures of our lady,

 

Donats, pars, accidens,

Donettis, partis, accidents,

40

NAMES: GERVAS—LAMBERT. Smith, Painter, Usurer, &c.

Psaultiers bien enluminees,

Sawters well enlumined,

 

Loyes a fremauls dargent,

Bounden with claspes of siluer,

 

Liures de medicines,

Bookes of physike,

 

Sept psalmes, kalendiers,

Seuen salmes, kalenders,

4

Encre et parcemyn,

Ynke and perchemyn,

 

Pennes de signes,

Pennes of swannes,

 

Pennes dauwes,

Pennes of ghees,

 

Bons breuiares,

Good portoses,

8

Qui valent bon argent.

Which ben worth good money.

  G

ervas le feure

G

eruays the smyth

 

Est biaucop plus rices.

Is moche richer.

 

Encore dont prest il

Neuertheles leneth he

12

La liure pour trois mailles.

The pound for thre halfpens.

  Gertrude la soeur Gillebert G

ertrude the suster of

G

ylbert

 

Est morte et trespassee;

Is deed and passed;

 

Prijez pour son ame.

Praye for her soule.

16

Quand trespassa elle?

Whan passed she?

 

Droit maintenant.

Right now.

 

Dieu luy pardonne

God forgyue her

 

Ses pechies et ses meffais.

Her synnes and her trespaces.

20

Nous yrons au corps

We shall goo to the corps

 

Demain a loffrande.

To morn to thoffrynge.

 

HEnry le pointurier
Point mon escu

HErry the paynter
Paynteth my shelde

  24

De diuerses couleurs.

With diuerse colours.

 

A grand rayson

By grete reson

 

Ie me loe de luy.

I am plesid with hym.

 

IEhan le vsurier
A tant preste

IOhan the usurer
Hath lente so moche

28  

Quil ne scet le nombre

That he knoweth not the nombre

 

Del auoir quil a

Of the good that he hath

 

tout maisement assemble.

Alle euyll gadred to gedyr.

32

Il preste la liure

He leneth the pounde

 

Pour quatre deniers.

For four pens.

 

Kylian et ses compaignons,
Pour leurs merites,

Kylian and his felaws,
For their deseruynges,

  36

Sont saincts en paradys,

Ben sayntes in paradyse,

 

Ou est joye sans fin.

Where is ioye withoute ende.

 

LAmbert le charpentier
A marchandet a moy

LAmbert the carpenter
Hath bargayned with me

  40

NAMES: LAURENCE—LUCIAN. Mason, Brewer, Tiler, &c.

De faire mon chastel,

To make my castell,

 

Le basse court et vne grange,

The nether court and a berne,

 

Et le doibt charpenter

And he oughteth to tymbre it

 

De bon ouurage;

Of good werke;

4

Et les degretz,

And the steyres,

 

Tous

¹

les boys charpentifs,

¹ Tons

Alle the tymbre woode,

 

Doibt il liurer mesmes.

He is bound to deliuer hym selfe.

  L

aurence le machon

L

aurence the masone

8

A pris a machonner,

Hath take to masone,

 

Et amenra des ouuriers,

And shal brynge the werkmen,

 

Et sont achattes

And ben bought

 

Bonnes pieres de marbre;

Good stones of marble;

12

Les fenestres dalbastre;

The wyndowes of alabastre;

 

Mais le caulx

But the lyme or chalke

 

Nest encore point mesure.

Is not yet moten.

  Lieuin le brasseur L

yeuyn the brewar

16

Brasse tant de ceruoyse

Breweth so moche ale

 

Quil ne peult vendre;

That he may not selle it;

 

Car il est renommees

For he is renomed

 

De mauuais beuurage;

Of euyll drynke;

20

Se luy conuient a le fois

So hym behoueth othirwhyle

 

Ietter deuant les porciaux.

To cast to fore the hogges.

  Lamfroy le couureur de tieulles L

amfroy the couerar of tyles

 

Couury le belfroy

Couerd the steple

24

Descailles, de tieulles,

With skaylles, with tyles,

 

A mieulx quil pouoit;

The beste wyse that he may;

 

Encordont esty

Neuertheles is it

 

Par le vent descouuert.

By the wynde discouerid.

28 L

eonard le couureur destrain

L

enard the thaccher

 

Couury ma maysoncelle

Hath couerd my litell hous

 

Destrain et de gluy.

With straw and with reed.

 

Les lattes quil achatta

The latthes that he bought

32

Ne valent riens.

Be nothyng worth.

 

Il fist les parois,

He made the wallis,

 

Et les placqua de terre,

And daubed them with erthe,

 

Dont est il placqueur.

Wherof he was dawber.

36 L

ogier le feultier

L

ogier the feltmaker

 

A maint bon chappeau

Hath many a good hatte

 

De beures et de feultre.

Of beuer and of felte.

  Lucien le gantiers L

ucian the glouer

40

NAMES: LYON—MAXIMIAN. Purser, Grocer, Surgeon, &c.

Siet dencoste moy;

Sitteth besyde me;

 

Faitte gans de cierf,

Maketh gloues of an herte,

 

De chien et de brebis.

Of hound and of sheep.

  Lyon le bourssier L

yon the pursser

4

A boursses et aloyeres,

Hath pursses and pauteners,

 

Et les achattent les enfans;

And them bye the chyldren;

 

Des tasses bien ouuries.

Of the powches well wrought.

  L

ucie le bastarde

L

ucie the bastarde

8

Ne fera iamais bien;

Shall neuer doo well;

 

Car elle dist mal de ceulx

^{1 1} cenlx

For she saith euyll of them

 

Qui bien lui ont fait.

That well haue don to her.

 

MArtin le especier
Vent pluiseurs especes

MArtin the grocer
Selleth many spyces

12  

De toutes manieres de pouldre

Of all maners of poudre

 

Pour faire les brouets,

For to make browettys,

 

Et a moult de boistes pointes

And hath many boxes paynted

16

Plaines de confections,

Full of confections,

  Et moult de cannes

And many pottes

 

Plaines de beuurages.

Full of drynkes.

  M

aurisse le surgien

M

orysse the surgyan

20

Se mesle de guarir

Medleth hym to hele

 

Playes, claux,

Woundes, soores,

 

Et apostumes,

And apostomes,

 

De vnguements

With oynementis

24

Et demplastres;

And with plastres;

 

Il scet taillier de la pierre,

He can cutte out the stone,

 

Et guarir par beuurages

And hele by drynkes

 

De grauelle, de rompture.

Of the grauelle and of brekynge.

28 M

aximian le maistre de medicines

M

aximian the maistre of phisike

 

Regarde le vrine des gens;

Seeth the vrin of the peple;

 

Il leurs scet a dire

He can say to them

 

De quoy ils sont mallade:

Wherof they be seke:

32

Du mal du chief;

Of the heed ache;

 

Des doleurs des yeux,

Of the payne of the eyen,

 

Des oreilles;

Of the eres;

 

Sil ont

²

mal es dens,

² out

Yf they haue toth ache,

36

Aux pys, as mamelles;

Atte the breste, at the pappes;

 

Il scet guarir et curer

He can hele and cure

 

Ydropison, menison,

Dropesye, blody flyxe,

 

Tesyque, mormal,

Tesyke, mormale,

40

NAMES: MABEL—OBEROL. Tailoress, Mustard-maker, &c.

Pieds, vngles,

Feet, nayles,

 

Fieures quartaines et tiercaines,

Fever quartayn and tercian,

 

De le gaunisse

Of the Jaundyse

^{5 5} Janudyse  

(Dont dieu nous garde),

(Wherof god kepe vs),

4

Et de tout ce

And of all that

 

Que greuer nous pourroit.

That may greue us.

 

Il dont conseil a artetique

He gyueth conseill for the goute

 

Et daultres languers;

And for othir seknesses;

8

Il a moult de bonnes herbes.

He hath many good herbes.

  Mabile le cousturiere^{1 1} consturiere M

abyll the shepster

 

Se chauist tres bien;

Cheuissheth her right well;

 

Elle fait sourplis,

She maketh surplys,

12

Chemyses, brayes,

Shertes, breches,

 

Courechiefs, et tout ce

Keuerchifs, and all that

 

Que on peult ouurer

That may be wrought

 

De ligne drap.

Of lynnen cloth.

16 M

ahault le huuetier

M

aulde the huue or calle maker

 

Se maintient sagement;

Maynteneth her wisely;

 

Elle vend chier ses huues;

She selleth dere her calles or huues;

 

Elles les keut² de deux coustures³. ³ constures ² kent

She soweth them with two semes.

20

NYchole le mostardier
A bon vinaigre,

NYcholas the mustardmaker
Hath good vynegre,

   

Bon verius, bon moustarde,

Good veriuse, good mustarde,

 

Galentine sausse,

Galentyne sawce,

24

Noir poiure,

Black pepre,

 

Bonne gansailliede

⁴

.

⁴ gausailliede

Good ganselyn

⁶

.

⁶ gauselyn   N

atalie la dame des estuues

N

atalye the wyf of the stewes

 

Tient bonne estuue,

Kepeth a good styewe,

28

La plus souffisante de la cite;

The moste suffysaunte of the cite;

 

Ilz y vont estuuer

They goon thedyr to be stewed

 

Toutes les estrangiers.

Alle the strangers.

 

Elle demeure

She duelleth

32

Deriere le mur des carmes.

After the walle of the white freris.

 

OLiuier le couretier
Gaigne a couretage,

OLyuer the brocour
Wynneth by brocorage,

   

A vng denier a dieu,

With one goddes peny,

36

Vingt liures ou trente.

Twenty pound or thyrty.

  O

berol le hostelier

O

berol the hosteler

 

A touts les bons hostes;

Hath all the good ghestes;

 

Il a les allemains

He hath the alemayns

40

NAMES: ONNOUR—OGIER. Inn-Guests, Prison-keeper, &c.

Quon appelle oesterlins,

That men calle esterlyngis,

 

Poyteuins, fransoys,

Poyteuyns, frenshemen,

 

Engloys, brabansois,

Englishmen, brabanders,

 

Flamengs, lombars,

Flemyngis, lombardis,

4

Espaignoys, Portingalois,

Spaynardys, portingalers,

 

Geneuoys, escochoys,

Ienewys, scottes,

 

Haynewiers, hollandois,

Heynewiers, hollanders,

 

Danoys, frisons.

Danes men, of friseland.

8

Onnore le tourier
Garde le prison

Onnour the kepar of the tour
Kepeth the prison

   

La les prisonniers sont;

There the prisonners bee;

 

Il y sont laronnes, mourdriers,

There ben theues, murderers,

12

Faulx monnoyers, robbeurs,

False money makers, robbers,

 

Afourceurs de femmes,

Rauisshers of wymmen,

 

Coppeurs de boursses.

Cuttars of purses.

 

Les vng pend on;

That one men hange;

16

Les aultres traynnon;

The othir be drawen;

 

Les aultres mettons sur roels;

The othir ben sette on wheles;

 

Ceux qui coppent boursses

Them that cutte purses

 

Coppe on les oreylles.

Cutte men the eres of.

20

Bussyn a a nom

Bussin is named

  Ly bouriaulx de bruges.

The hangman of bruges.

 

Puis que malefaicteurs

After that the euyll doers

 

ount gehy leurs meffais,

Haue knowlechid her euyll dedes,

24

Les a il a mestrijer;

He hath them to mastrye;

 

Dieu nous garde

God kepe vs

 

De sa meistrise!

Fro his maystrye!

 

Baillius, escoutetes

¹

,

¹ estoutetes

Bayllyes, scoutes,

28

Aulcuns des escheuins,

Somme of the skepyns,

 

Cheuaucent auecq,

Ryde with,

 

La on les met a mort,

There as they be put to deth,

 

Et les sergeans ysont ainsy;

And the sergeants ben there also;

32

Ceulx qui eschappent

They that escape

 

Seront banny hors du pays

Shall be banysshed out of the londe

 

Sur pain dy estre penduz.

Vpon payne to be hanged.

  O

gier le fauconner

O

gier the fauconer

36

Aporta des faucons,

Brought faucons,

 

Oystoires dardane,

Gerfaucons of ardane,

 

Espreuiers,

Spere haukes,

 

Quil vendra a montpellier.

That he shall sell at monpeller.

40

NAMES: OGIER—QUERYNE. Woolbeater, Cooper, &c.

O

gier le poulaillier

O

gier the pulter

 

A des poules asses,

Hath polettes ynowhe,

 

Quils ne sont trop cras

Which ben not ouer fatte

 

Ne trop magre.

ne ouer lene.

4

Pyere le bateure de laine
Va tout oyseux,

PEter the betar of wulle
Gooth alle ydle,

   

Car son doyen

For his dene

 

Lui a deffendu son mestier

Hath forboden hym his craft

8

Sour lamende de vingt solz,

Vpon thamendes of xx. shelyngs,

 

Jusques a dont

¹

quil aura

^{2 1} dout

Till that he shall haue

 

Achatte sa franchise.

² anra

Bought his franchyse.

 

Il sen plaindra

He shall complaine hym

12

Au burchmaistre,

Unto bourghmaistre,

 

Et les gardiens des mestiers

And the wardeyns of the crafte

 

Nen font compte.

sette not therby.

  P

oul le cuuelier

P

oule the couper

16

Faict et refaict les cuues,

Maketh and formaketh the keupis,

 

tonniaulx, vaissiaux

Barellis, vessellis

 

Courans et gouttans.

Lekyng and droppyng.

  Paulin le mesureur de bled P

aulyn the metar of corne

20

A tant mesure

Hath so moche moten

 

De bled et de mestelon

Of corne and of mestelyn

 

Quil ne peult plus de viellesse;

That he may no more for age;

  Il est tout gryse.

He is alle graye.

24

Il donna a chescun sa mesure.

He gyueth to euerich his mesure.

  P

ieronne sa filleule

P

ieryne his doughter

 

Est la pieure garce

Is the shrewest ghyrle

 

Que ie sache de cha la mere.

That I knowe on this side the see.

28

QUintin le tollenier
A pris de moy

QVyntyne the tollar
Hath taken of me

   

Vng liure de gros

A pound of grotes

 

Plus quil ne debuoit prendre

More than he ought to take

32

Du droit

³

tonlieu;

³ troit

Of right tolle.

 

Sy me trayeray

So shall I drawe me

 

Au recepueur

Vnto the receyuour

 

Pour men droit requerre.

For my right to requyre.

36 Q

uirin le detier

Q

ueryne the dysemaker

 

Vendt ses dees

Selleth his dyse

 

Ainsi qui veult a prest argent;

As he wyll for redy money;

 

Cest bonne marchandise.

Hit is good marchandyse.

40

NAMES: ROBERT—RANDOLF. Carrier, Handworker, &c.

RObert le messagier
Est enuoyes au roy,

RObert the messager
Is sent to the kynge

   

A tout deux paires de lettres

With two paire of lettres

 

Sellees du seal royal.

Sealed with the kynges seal.

4 R

oberte la cerenceresse

R

oberte the heklester

 

Na plus de channeue,

Hath no more hempe,

 

Et a perdu sa cerench;

And hath lost her hekell;

 

Elle vendra son lin.

She shall selle her flaxe.

8 Richaert le veytier R

ychard the carier

 

(

R

ichier le chareton)

(

R

icher the cartar)

 

Menra du fien sur ma terre

Shall lede dong on my land

 

Quand elle sera ahanne,

Whan it shall be ered,

12

Et sur mon courtil

And on my herber

 

Quand il sera fouys,

Whan it shall be doluen,

 

Et au gardin

And in to the orchard

 

Entour les arbres.

Aboute the trees.

16 R

olland le mainouurier

R

olande the handwerker

 

Fera mon prayel,

Shall make my pryelle,

 

Vne soif entour.

An hegge aboute.

  R

ogier le coustre

R

oger the sextayn

20

Est a auignon,

Is at auinion,

 

Pour empetrer

For to gete

 

Vne cure, vne chapelrie;

A cure, a fre chapell;

 

Voire se dieu plaist.

Ye truly, yf god wyll.

24 R

ainier le esquier

R

eyner the squyer

  Est aus Joustes,

Is atte Justes,

 

Aux tournoys, acompaignie

At the tornoye, acompanyed

 

Tres honnourablement;

Right worshipfully;

28

Il a mon rouchin,

He hath my coursour,

 

Mon palefroy, mon destrier,

My palfreye, my stede,

 

Mes lances.

My speres.

 

Il aura le pris.

He shall haue the prys.

32 R

aulle le changier

R

andolf the changer

 

A sys a change trente ans.

Hath seten in the change xxx. yere.

 

Les monnoyes sont bien desirees,

The moneyes ben well desired,

 

Si que les gens se mettent en peril

So that folke put hem in peryll

36

Destre dampnes.

To be dampned.

 

Cest grand folye

It is grete folye

 

De donner le eternalite

For to gyue the eternalite

 

Pour le temporalite.

For the temporalte.

40

NAMES: WALTER—YSAAC. Brushmaker, Currier, &c.

WAultier le paternostrier
Vend a le dedicasse

Walter the paternoster maker
Solde at the dedicacion

   

Paternosters de cristal,

Bedes of cristall,

 

Par dousaines en gros,

By doseyns in grete,

4

Dambre, de voire, et de cornes.

Of ambre, of glas, and of hornes.

  W

illame le rammonier

W

illiam the brusshemaker

 

Vendt les rammons par loysir.

Selleth the brusshes by leyzer.

 

Ce poise moy; ie vouldroye

Wo is me; I wolde

8

Quil le vendisist bien.

That he solde well.

  Valerien le tenneur V

aleryen the tawyer

 

A moult dauantage

Hath moche auantage

 

En ce quil vend cuyr,

In that that he selleth lether,

12

Car il le tanne meisme.

For he taweth hymselfe.

  W

alram le coureur

W

alram the coryer

 

Faict vng ort mestier.

Dooth a foul crafte.

 

Il pute aual la maison;

He stynketh after the hous;

16

Il coure ses piaulx

He coryeth his hydes

 

De saing de herencs.

With sayme of heryngs.

  Vaast le vairrier V

edast the graywerker

 

Vendi orains a madame

Solde whiler to my lady

20

Vne pelice de vaire

A pylche of graye

 

Et de bonnes fourrures.

And of good furres.

  W

auburge le pelletiere

W

auburge the pilchemaker

^{1 1} piclh-  

Refaicte vng plice bien;

Formaketh a pylche well;

24

Aussi faict son baron.

So doth her husbonde.

 

XpristienA le gorlier
Me faict ung goriel;

Xpristrian the colermaker
Maketh to me a coler;

    Dont aray deux goriaulx

Than shal I haue two coliers

28

Pour mes cheuaulx de querue.

For my horses of the plowh.

  X

pristiene la fylle

X

pristine the doughter

 

Se plaint du serrurier,

Complayned her of the lokyer,

 

Pour ce quil nye

By cause that he denyeth

32

Dun enfant quil gaigna.

Of a child that he wan.

 

YZores le hugiers
Fist le forcier de mamye,

Ysores the Joynar
Made a forcer for my loue,

   

Sa luysel, son escrijn.

Her cheste, hir scryne

²

.

² scyrne 36 Y

saac le vigneron

Y

saac the wyneman

 

Yra as vignes.

Shall to the vyneyerd.

 

Il me souhaidera des crappes;

He shall weeshe me of the grapes;

 

Car en les vignes

For in the vyneyerd

40

NAMES: Kettlemaker, Proctor, &c. GOD IS MERCIFUL.

Gaignera il asses.

He shall wyn[n]e ynowh.

  Y

saac le chauderlier

Y

saac the ketelmaker

 

Donne quatre chaudrons,

Gyueth four ketellis,

 

Contenant douze galons chescun,

Conteynyng twelue galons euerich,

4

Pour quarant gros le piece.

For fourty grotes the pece.

 

Et le bon chandelliere

And the good candelmaker

 

Donne quatre chandeylles de sieu^{1 1} sleu

Gyueth foure talow candellis

 

Pour vng denier le piece.

For one peny the pece.

8

ZAchare le procureur
Mapporte vne sommonce;

ZAchare the proctour
Hath brought me a sommonce;

   

Car iay faicte sommondre

For I haue to do somone

  I

erome le barbier;

I

herome the barbour;

12

Ie playderay encontre luy.

I shall plete ayenst hym.

  Iosse le parceminier I

osse the parchemyn maker

 

Me vendi vne piel parcemyn

Solde me a skyn of parchemyn

 

Qui tout flua,

That alle flued,

16

Et vne couuerture de franchin

And a coueryng of franchyn

 

Rees a vng les,

Shauen on the one syde,

 

Qui riens ne valoit,

Whiche nought was worth,

 

Que ie ny puis sus escripre.

That I myght not write vpon.

20

Va querre vne ponce

^{2 2} pouce

Goo fecche a pomyce

 

Et du meillour papier,

And of the best papier,

 

Mon caniuet, mes forcettes.

My penknyf, my sheris.

 

Iescripray vne lettre damours;

I shall write a lettre of loue,

24

Se lenuoyeray a mamye.

And shall sende it to my loue.

 

[

CH. IX.

]

Je suy tout lasses
De tant de noms nommer

I am alle wery
Of so many names to name

   

De tant de mestiers,

Of so many craftes,

28

Tant doffices, tant deseruices;

So many offices, so many seruises;

  Je me veul reposer.

I wyll reste me.

 

Encore dont, pour ralongier
Ce que iay comenciet,

Neuertheless, for to lengthe
That whiche I haue begonne,

  32

Diray ie du meilleur:

I shall saye the beste:

 

Cest que dieu nous crea

That is, that god hath made vs

 

A la samblance

Vnto the lykenes

 

De luy mesmes.

Of hym selfe.

36

Je dy au commencement,

I saye atte begynnyng,

 

Qui bien fera bien aura.

Who doth well shall well haue.

 

Dieu est misericors,

God is mercyfull,

 

Et si est iuste;

And so he is rightfull;

40

SERVE OUR LORD AND THE SAINTS.

Il a mercy des pecheurs

He hath mercy of the synnars

 

Qui cognoistre se veullent;

Which hem selfe wyll knowe;

 

De ceulx qui ont repentance,

Of them that haue repentaunce,

 

Qui fasse vraye confession,

Which make verry confession,

4

Et leur penance parfacent

And theyr penaunce fuldoo

 

Que le confesseur leurs charge.

That the confessour them charge.

 

Et le faulx mauuais,

And the false euyll,

 

Que damender nont cure,

That to amende them recche not,

8

Selon la saincte escripture,

After the holy scripture,

 

Sont en auenture de perir.

Ben in aduenture to perysshe.

 

Pour ce est il mal aduises

Therfore he is euyll aduised

 

Qui nauret le

¹

sent

¹ ? se

That wounded hym selfe feleth

12

En peril de mort,

In peryll of deth,

 

Sil ne prend remede

Yf he take not remedye

 

Quand il le scet ou trouuer.

Whan he knoweth wher to fynde.

 

On dist qui sert nostre seigneur,

Men saye who serueth our lord,

16

Et la vierge marie,

And the mayde marye,

 

Les sains apostles,

The holy apostles,

 

Les

²

quatre euangelistes,

² Le

The foure euangelistes,

 

Angeles et archangeles,

Angelis and archangelis,

20

Prophetes et martirs,

Prophetes and martris,

 

Patriarces, confesseurs,

Patriarkis, confessours,

 

Sainttes viergenes,

Holy virgynes,

 

Sainctes vesues,

Holy wedowes,

24

Saints innocens—

Holy innocentes—

 

Ces saints et sainctes—

These saynctes—

 

Il attend bon loijer

He attendeth good reward

 

Enuers dieu par leurs priers.

Anenst god by theyr prayers.

28

On doibt oyr messe

Men ought to here masse

 

Et touttes les heures du iour;

And all the houres of the day;

 

Qui en est aysies au moins.

Whiche is at his ease atte leste.

  Aller veoir le sacrament

Goo see the sacrament

32

Est vng bon desiunement.

Is a good brekefast.

 

Se vous debues

Yf ye owe

 

Aucunes pelerinages,

Ony pylgremages,

 

Si les payes hastiuement.

So paye them hastely.

36

Quand vous estes meus

Whan ye be meuyd

 

Pour aller vostre voyage,

For to goo your viage,

 

Et vous ne scaues le chemin,

And ye knowe not the waye,

 

Si le demandes ainssi

³

,

³ amssi

So axe it thus,

40

TRAVEL TALK. LODGING FOR HORSE AND MAN.

En commandant les gens a dieu:

In comandyng the peple to god:

 

‘A dieu, bonnes gens;

‘To god, goode peple;

 

Ie men voie a sainct Jaques,

I goo to saynt James,

 

A nostre dame de boulogne.

To our lady of boloyne.

4

A la quelle porte ysseray ie,

At whiche gate shall I goo out,

 

Et a quelle main

And at whiche hande

 

Prenderay ie mon chemyn?

’”

Shall I take my way?

’”

 

A le main dextre,

On the right hande,

8

Quand vous venres a vng pont,

Whan ye come to a brigge,

 

Si les passes;

So goo ther over;

 

Vous trouueres vne voyette

Ye shall fynde a lytill waye

 

A le main senestre,

On the lyfte honde,

12

Qui vous menra en vne contre

Whiche shall brynge you in a contre

 

La vous verres sur vne eglise

There shall ye see vpon a chirche

 

Deux haultes clocquiers;

Two hye steples;

 

De la aurez vous

Fro thens shall ye haue

16

Que quatre lieuwes

But four myle

 

Iusques a vostre gyste.

Vnto your loggyng.

 

La seres vous bien aisies

There shall ye be well easyd

 

Pour vostre argent,

For your money,

20

Et se y aures bon hostel.

And ye shall haue a good Jnne.

 

“Dame, dieu y soit!”

“Dame, god be here!”

 

“Compain, vous soies bien venus.”

“Felaw, ye be welcome.”

 

“Poroye ie auoir

“May I haue

24

Ung licte chyens?

A bedde here withinne?

 

Pourray ie cy herbegier?”

May I here be logged?”

 

“Oyl, bien et nettement,

“Ye, well and clenly,

 

Si fussies vous dousisme

¹

,

¹ donsisme

Alle were ye twelue,

28

tout a cheual.”

Alle on horseback.”

 

“Nennil,

²

fors que nous trois.

² Nenuil

“Nay, but we thre.

 

A il a mengier chy ens?”

Is there to ete here within?”

 

“Oyl, asses, dieu mercy.”

“Ye, ynough, god be thanked.”

32

“Apportes nous ent.

“Brynge it to vs.

  Donnes du fain as cheuaulx,

Gyue heye to the hors,

 

Et les estraines bien;

And strawe them well;

 

Mais quils soient abuures.”

But that they be watred.”

36

“Dame que debuons nous?

“Dame what owe we?

 

Nous avons este bien aise.

We have ben well easyd.

 

Nous compterons demain,

We shall rekene to morow,

 

Et payerons aussi,

And shall paye also,

40

AT THE INN. A NUMBER-BOOK TO BE WRITTEN.

Que vous vous en loeres.

That ye shall hold you plesid.

 

Menes nous couchier;

Brynge vs to slepe;

 

Nous sommes lasses.”

We ben wery.”

 

“Bien, ie voye, vous reposeres.

“Well, I goo, ye shall reste.

4

Iannette, alumes le chandeille;

Ienette, lyghte the candell;

 

Si les menes la sus

And lede them ther aboue

 

Ou soler deuant;

In the solere tofore;

 

Si leur porte de liauwe chaude

And bere them hoot watre

8

pour lauer leurs pieds;

For to wasshe their feet;

 

Si les couure de coussins.

And couere them with quysshons.

 

Regarde que lestable

Se that the stable

 

Soit bien fremme.”

[? ferme]

Be well shette.”

12

“Dame, peult on nauyer

“Dame, may men goo by ship

 

Descy a bouloigne?”

Fro hens to boloyne?”

 

“Oyl, maintenant il ya

“Ye, now ther is

 

Vne nef preste plaine de gens.

A shippe redy ful of peple.

16

Dieu les veulle conduire!

God well them conduyte!

 

Dieu les amaine a sauuete!

God brynge them in sauete!

 

Dieu les laisse leur voye

God late them theyr waye

 

Bien employer!

Well fulcome!

20

Escoutes! il tonne et esclire;

Herke! it thondreth and lyghtneth;

 

Y pluyt et gresille;

It rayneth and haylleth;

 

Dieu saulue les biens des champs!”

God saue the goodes of the feldes!”

 

“Dieu en puist souuenir.”

“God may them bythynke.”

24

Seigneurs, qui vouldroit,

Lordes, who wolde,

 

Ce liure ne fineroit iamais,

This boke shold neuer be ended,

 

Car on ne pourroit tant escripre

For men may not so moche write

 

Quon ne trouueroit toudis plus:

Me shold fynde alway more:

28

Le parchemin est debonnaire;

The parchemen is so meke;

 

Il seuffre sour luy escripre

Hit suffreth on hit to write

 

Quancques on veult.

What someuer men wylle.

 

[

CH. X.

]

CY appres vous deuiseray
Vng liuret quon appelle

HEre after I shall deuyse you
A litell book that men call

32  

Le nombre, le quel est

The nombre, the which is

 

Moult prouffytable,

Moche prouffytable

¹

,

¹ pronffytable   Par le quel

By the whiche

36

On pourra scauoir compter

Men shall mowe conne rekene

 

De denier as deniers;

Fro peny

²

to pens;

² peuy  

Si en poes retenir

So may ye reteyne

 

Les debtes quon vous doibt,

The dettes that men owe you,

40

NUMBERS AND COINS. THE EPILOGUE.

Et les receptes

And the receyttes

 

Que vous aues rechupt

That ye haue receyuyd

 

Ou que vous aues paiet.

Or that ye haue payd.

 

Si commencies ainsi

So begynne all thus

4

Comme est declare cy apres:

As is declared hereafter:

 

UNg, deux, trois,
Quatre, chincq, six,

ONe, tweyne, thre,
Foure, fyue, sixe,

   

Sept, huyt, neuf, dix,

Seuen, eight, nyne, ten,

8

Onze, douze, treze,

Enleuen, twelue, thirtene,

 

Quatourze, quinze, seze,

Fourtene, fiftene, sixtene,

 

Dixsept, dixhuyt,

Seuentene, eyghtene,

 

Dixneuf, vingt,

Nynetene, twenty,

12

Trente, quarante,

Thretty, fourty,

 

Chincquante, soixante,

Fyfty, Syxty,

 

Septante, huytante,

Seuenty, eyghty,

 

Ou quatre vingt,

Or four score,

16

Nonante, Cent,

Nynty, hondred,

 

Deux cents,

Two hondred,

 

Mille, Cent mille,

A thousand, a hondred thousand,

 

Vng million;

A myllyon;

20

Ainsi toudis montant.

Thus alleway mountyng.

  V

ne liure de strelins,

A

pound sterlings,

 

Vne marcq que vault

A marcke that is worth

 

Deux nobles

¹

dangleter,

¹ uobles

Two nobles of englonde,

24

Vne liure de gros,

A pound grete,

 

Monoye de flaundres,

Moneye of flaundres,

 

Vne soulde que vault

A shellyng that is worth

 

Trois gros ou douze deniers,

Thre grotis or twelue pens,

28

Vne gros vault quatre deniers,

A grote is worth four pens,

 

Vng denier, vne maille,

A peny, a halfpeny,

 

Vng quadrant, vne mite.

A ferdyng, a myte.

 

CY fine ceste doctrine,
A westmestre les loundres

HEre endeth this doctrine,
At westmestre, by london,

32  

En formes impressee,

In fourmes enprinted,

 

En le quelle vng chescun

In the whiche one euerich

 

Pourra briefment aprendre

May shortly lerne

36

Fransois et engloys.

Frenssh and englissh.

  La grace de sainct esperit

The grace of the holy ghoost

 

Veul enluminer les cures

Wylle enlyghte the hertes

 

A CONCLUDING PRAYER.

De ceulx qui le aprendront,

Of them that shall lerne it,

 

Et nous doinst perseuerance

And vs gyue perseueraunce

 

En bonnes operacions,

In good werkes,

 

Et apres cest¹ vie transitorie ¹ ceste, Blades ii. 133.

And after lyf

²

transitorie

² this lyf, Blades ii. 133. 4

La pardurable ioye & glorie!

The euerlastyng ioye and glorie!

 

LIST OF ENGLISH WORDS

A   Ba-Bl   Bo-By   Ca-Cn   Co-Cu   D   E   F   G   H   IJ   K   L   M  
N   O   Pa-Pi   Pl-Py   Q   R   Sa-Sk   So-Sy   T   UV   W   Y  

A

accidents, books of accidence, 38/40.

aduenture:

in a., likely, in danger, 48/10.

after (rendering Flemish achter, Fr. aval), throughout, 38/2, 46/16.

Alemayne, Almayne, Germany, 14/17, 22/27.

Alemaynes, Germans, 42/40.

all, used as adverb, 31/7;

alle, with subj., even if, 49/28;

all halowes, the feast of All Saints, 28/18.

alleway, always, 9/23.

almesse, alms, 33/8.

alouses, shad, 12/7.

alume, alum, 1/26, 20/35.

amendes, penalty, fine, 44/9.

Andwerp, Antwerp, 18/37.

andyrons, andirons, 8/8.

anenst, towards, in the sight of, 48/28.

angre, refl., be angry, 31/6.

anone, immediately, 25/26.

apostomes, imposthumes, abscesses, 41/23.

apotecarie, apothecary, 19/34.

appereth, apperith, 37/34, 38/2.

arblastrer, crossbowman, 36/26.

Ardane, Ardennes, 43/38.

atte, at the, 34/6, 45/26.

auantage, advantage, 46/11.

auaunte, refl., boast, 30/14.

auctour, author, 3/33.

Austyns, Augustine friars, 24/5.

Auynyon, Auinion, Avignon, 22/20, 45/21.

axe, ask, 21/16, 33/16, 48/40;

axed, 15/36, 33/10.

ayenst, against, 31/31, 47/13.

B

bacenet, bassinet, helmet, 33/34.

bales, balls (of alum), 20/36.

banerett, knight banneret, 24/33;

double banerette, 24/36.

bankers, coverings for benches, 7/1.

barke, bark (used in dyeing), 34/29.

ba[r]terye, pots and pans, 38/26.

basenne, sheep leather, 19/26.

bastard, a wine, 14/7.

baylly, bailiff, 30/10.

be, = been, 32/6.

Beane, Beaune, 14/5.

becke:

drink b. to b., drink together (Fr. bec à bec).

bedes, beads, 46/3.

Beghyns, Beguines, 24/11.

beldame, mother-in-law, 6/2.

belfadre, father-in-law, 6/2.

Beme, Bohemia, 22/38.

ben, are, 4/31, 13/17.

benes, beans, 13/39.

Benet (seynt), St. Benedict, 24/2.

bere, bear (animal), 11/21.

bergayne, bargain for, 14/28.

berne, barn, 40/2.

Berow, Bergues, 19/2, 24/31.

betes, beetroot, 13/32.

beuer, beaver (for hats), 40/39;

beuers, beavers (animals), 9/1.

bileue, believe;

I you b. well, 15/26.

blyew, blue, 14/36.

Bo

bocher, butcher, 37/31;

bochiers, 2/31.

bocherie, meat-market, 37/32.

bocle, buckle, 21/28.

boden, bid, offered, 15/35.

Boloyne, Boulogne, 49/4, 50/14.

boor, boar, 10/26.

bordclothes, table cloths, 8/24.

born, carried, 32/3.

boulye, a drink, 14/19.

bourghmaistre, burgomaster, 44/13.

Bousser (= Fr. Bourshier), vycounte of B., 24/30.

brasyll, brazil wood, 20/18, 34/27.

brede, breadth, 16/23.

brede, bread, 26/39.

brekynge, rupture, hernia, 41/28.

brembles, brambles;

bremble beries (Fr. grouselles, gooseberries), 13/23.

bremes, bream, 12/7.

brenne, burn, 30/26.

briches, breeches, 8/37.

bridelmakers, 1/16.

brigge, bridge, 49/9.

brocorage, brokerage, 42/35.

brocour, broker, 42/34;

brokers, 2/30.

broun peper, black pepper, 10/28;

broun sugre, 20/1.

browet, stew, broth, 10/20;

browettys, 41/15.

broythures, embroideries, 22/5.

bueff, beef, 10/14.

bukke, buck, 19/23.

Burgoyne, Burgundy, 24/19.

butores, bitterns, 10/40.

buxom, polite, 9/39.

by cause that, because, 46/32.

byleding, translation of Fr. deduit, delight, 29/12.

byre, beer, 14/17.

bystowe, lay out (money), 20/20.

bythynke, remember, think upon, 50/24.

C

calle, headdress, 42/18.

callyng, invocation (of the Trinity), 1/5.

Camerik, Cambray, 23/19.

cammelle, ? for cannelle, cinnamon, 20/2.

can, knows, is skilled in, 33/13;

see conne.

cannes, cans (tin), 7/17;

earthen pots, 7/10.

carier, wagoner, 45/9.

castelayn, castellan (of Dover), 24/29.

castell, cattle, 40/1.

catell, money, 15/12;

catayllys, chattels, furniture, 1/8.

Cathon, Dionysius Cato, 9/27;

catons, copies of Cato’s ‘Disticha,’ 38/38.

caudell, caudle, 14/1.

Cecile, Sicily, 22/36.

certainly, definitely, 16/1.

chalon, ? blanket, coverlet (but used to render F. calys, apparently ‘couch’), 7/2.

change, exchange office, 45/34.

changer, money-changer, 45/33;

chaungers, 45/33.

chanons, canons, 23/30.

chapell, chapel:

a fre ch., 45/23.

chapitre, chapter, 14/4.

chappelains, chaplains, 24/7.

charge:

haue no c. of, don’t care for, 31/4.

Chartre hous:

monkes of C., Carthusians, 24/4.

chekens, chickens, 10/32.

chepe, bargain for, 10/24.

chertes, shirts, 8/37.

cheruyll, chervil, 13/32.

cheuissheth her, is successful, 42/11.

chirche haliday, church feast, fair, 19/7.

chorle, peasant, 30/8.

Cistiauls, Citeaux, 23/37.

clarey, a spiced wine, 14/12.

clergesses, members of female religious orders, 24/11.

cnoppes, lumps (in yarn), 32/30.

Co

cobelers, cobblers, 2/28.

coddelynges, codfish, 12/3.

coffyns, caskets, 21/33.

coler, collar (for horses), 46/27;

coliers, 46/28.

colermaker, (horse)collar maker, 46/26.

Coleyne, Cologne, 23/8.

commaunde, commend, 5/21, 6/12.

complyn, late evening service, 27/30.

comyn, common, 1/17.

comyne, cummin, 19/40.

conduyte, guide, 5/24.

confyte, comfrey (see the Notes), 13/19.

congres, conger-eels, 12/8.

conne, know, be skilled in, 37/39;

see can.

contre, country, 5/2.

conyes, rabbits, 9/2.

cool, cabbage, 13/30.

cordewan, Cordovan leather, 19/24.

cordewanner, shoemaker, 35/35.

corffes, baskets, 38/21.

corse, girdle, 21/27.

coryer, currier, 46/14;

coriars, 1/25.

coryeth, curries, 46/17.

cosen alyed, cousin by marriage, 29/13.

cosyns germayns, cousins german, 6/5.

couerar of tyles, tiler, 40/23.

couercles, lids, 7/35, 7/40.

couerlettes, coverlets, 6/40.

couper, cooper, 44/6;

coupers, 2/31.

coursour, courser, 45/29.

courtosye, courtesy, 18/16.

courtoys, courteous, 5/12.

coyfes for men, coifs, 21/38.

crafte, trade, 46/15;

craftes, 25/23.

creuyches, crayfish, 12/15.

cristall (for beads), 46/3.

crosse:

neuer a c., not a farthing, 15/40.

cubibes, cubebs, 19/39.

curattes, curates, 24/7.

cure, church benefice, 45/23.

D

dame, lady, 4/33, 15/5, 49/22.

damoyselle, damyselle, young lady, 4/19, 4/30, 5/29, 15/39.

dampned, damned, 45/37.

Danes men, Danes, 43/7.

dangerous, hard to manage, cross-tempered, 32/12.

daubed, plastered, 40/35.

dawber, plasterer, 40/36.

dedicace

, parish festival, 46/2.

dene, dean (of a trade guild), 44/7.

dere chepe, high buying prices, 35/34.

deuyse, explain, 14/27.

dight, prepare (food), 10/28.

discouered, uncovered, 40/28.

do, = done, 47/11;

see doo.

doctrinals, copies of the Doctrinale (a grammar), 38/38.

dokes, ducks, 12/32.

doluen, dug, 45/14.

donettis, copies of Donatus’s grammar, 38/40.

dong, dung, 45/11.

doo, as a causative auxiliary, 26/5, 37/21;

doo of, doff, put off, 4/18, 4/20;

do on, don, put on, 25/39.

Dornyk, Tournay, 18/30.

doseyns, dozens, 46/4.

doughter,

mistranslation of fille, prostitute, 46/30;

of filleule, god-daughter, 44/26.

dresse, serve up (food), 31/23;

d. to ete, prepare a meal, 26/38.

dyerye, dyer’s business, 20/37.

dyse, dice, 44/38;

dysemaker, 44/37.

dystaf, distaff, 32/27.

E

elle, ell, 15/15, 32/15;

thelle, the ell, 15/8.

Elzeter, Alsace, 14/4.

eme, uncle, 6/3.

en, redundant negative (a Flemicism), 18/18.

enfourme, instruct, 9/33.

enke hornes, inkhorns, 21/35.

enleuen, eleven, 51/9.

enlumined, illuminated (of a manuscript), 39/1.

enlyghte, enlighten, 51/39.

enprinted, printed, 38/36, 51/34.

entremete, refl., undertake, 20/40.

entreprise, undertake, 3/38.

er, before, 26/2.

ered, ploughed, 45/12.

erst, first, before doing something else, 27/8.

Esterlynges, Easterlings, 43/1.

estre, Easter, 28/13.

eternalite, what is eternal, 45/39.

eueryche, euerich, everybody, 2/39, 31/1;

one euerich, 51/35.

euyll, bad (in quality), 40/20;

e. auenture, ill luck, 29/10.

euyll, badly, 11/12.

eyrekakis, egg cakes, ? omelets, 13/1.

F

failled:

ye f., you wanted (anything), 18/4.

fair syre, my good sir, 18/3.

falle, occur, be met with, 25/11.

fatte, vat, cask, 26/19

. 

fauconers, falconers, 43/36.

faucons, falcons, 43/37.

faulte:

without f., without fail, 37/14.

fayres, fairs, 1/19.

felaw, felawe, as a polite term of address, 4/34, 49/23;

my felaws, my companions, 18/23.

felawship, society, companionship, 31/5.

feldeseed, ‘field seed,’ 20/10.

fellis, skins, 19/23.

ferdyng, farthing, 51/31.

ferme, rent, annual payment, 37/5.

festes, festivals, 28/3.

feuerer, February, 27/39.

fichews, polecats, 11/18.

flawnes, flawns, 12/34.

flesh, meat, 37/33.

flesshshamels, shambles, 10/8.

flued, made the ink run, 47/16.

folke, people, folks, 9/40;

f. of ordre, members of religious orders, 2/5.

folye, folly, 45/38.

for:

for to, = to (with infinitive), 2/40, 4/5;

for this that, because, 32/34.

forbere, bear with, defer to, 9/25.

forcer, forcyer, forcier, chest with a lock, 8/20, 36/7, 46/35.

forgeten, forgotten, 13/2.

formaketh, repairs, mends, 44/17, 46/24.

foryere, last year, 32/5.

fourbysshour, furbisher, 33/26.

fourmes, (printers’) forms, 51/34.

franchise, freedom (of a trade guild), 32/17.

franchyn, a sort of parchment, 47/17.

frere, friar:

freres menours, Minorites, Franciscans, 24/3;

lewd freris, lay brothers, Beghards, 24/6.

fro, from, 4/1.

frockes, = Fr. sourcorps, 8/30.

fulcome, accomplish (a journey), 50/20.

fuldoo, perform, 48/5.

furmenty, furmety, 13/40.

G

galentyne, sauce, 42/24.

galles, gall-nuts, 34/27.

galoches, overshoes, 35/39.

ganselyn, a garlic sauce, 42/26.

garettis, garrets, 6/28.

Garnade, ? Granada:

wyn of G., 14/8.

Gaunt, Ghent, 18/28.

geloffres, cloves, 13/35.

gerfaucons, gerfalcons, 43/38.

germayns:

see cosyns germayns.

Germole:

wyn of G., 14/5.

ghees, geese, 12/31.

gheet, goats, 12/30, 19/23 (but ghotes, 11/24);

used as singular, 10/23.

ghestes, guests, 42/39.

ghyrle, girl, 44/27.

gloues of yron, gauntlets, 33/37.

God, in salutations, &c.:

G. you kepe, 4/24;

G. give you good daye, 4/32;

G. reward you, 5/14;

G. late me deserue it, 5/15;

G. you haue in his holy kepyng, 5/26;

goo to god (= adieu), 6/13.

Goddes peny, broker’s commission, 42/36.

gogeorns, gudgeons, 12/16.

good chepe, cheap, 15/11.

goodlynes, pleasant manners, 18/17.

gorelmakers, horsecollar makers, 2/37.

gorgette, armour for the neck, 33/36.

gramercy, many thanks, 5/11, 18/11.

graye, vair, fur, 46/21.

grayne, grain:

scarlet in g., 15/1;

graynes of paradys, 20/3.

graywerker, furrier, 46/19.

grene of Spayne, 20/17.

grene sauce (eaten with pork), 10/11.

grete, great:

in g., wholesale, 46/4.

greue, (of food) disagree with, 11/6.

greywerke, furriery, 2/36.

grote, groat, coin, 51/29;

grotes, grotis, 17/21, 44/31, 51/28.

growell, gruel, 14/2.

guldrens, guilders, gulden, 17/31.

gyuing oute, expenditure, 3/9.

H

habergeon, 33/35,

haddoks, haddocks, 12/3.

halting, lame, 32/32.

handwerker, farm labourer, 45/17.

happe, luck, fortune, 29/22.

hardy, bold, brave, 24/32.

haue right (= avez droit), 15/20.

hawgher, heifer, 10/20.

heberow, lodging, 5/31.

heeryng, heryng, herring, 12/8, 12/9.

hegge, hedge, 45/19.

hekell, heckle, 45/7.

heklester, (female) heckler, 45/5.

hem, them, themselves, 45/36.

Henaud, Hainault, 24/28.

herber, garden, 45/13.

herte, hart, 10/27, 41/2.

herthe, hearth, 8/6.

hether, hither, 31/27.

heth hennes, moor hens, 11/1.

hewke, a sort of cloak, 16/18;

heukes, 8/31, mantle.

heye, hay, 13/27.

Heynewiers, people of Hainault, 43/7.

hiere, here, 29/23, 24.

hit, it, 6/27, 9/21, 25/37, &c.

holde:

holde you companye, accompany you, 26/5.

hole, whole, 15/7;

in good health, 35/13.

honde, hand;

take on h., undertake, 3/38.

hooled, holed, torn, 34/15.

hosteler, innkeeper, 42/38;

hosteliers, 2/30.

hound, dog (skin), 41/3.

houres, hours (of divine service), 48/30;

see oures.

howsed, provided with a house, 34/20.

huues, caps, 21/37, 42/19.

hye dayes, festival days, 31/31.

hyndecalf, fawn, 10/27.

IJ

Janiver, January, 27/39.

jaquet, jacket, 33/40.

Jenewys, Genoese, 43/6.

in longe tyme, for a long time, 5/1.

joustynges, tiltings, 25/2.

joynar, joiner, 46/34;

joyners, 2/37.

justes, tiltings, 45/26.

Juyll, July, 28/2.

Juyn, June, 27/1.

K

kalenders, calendars, 39/4.

kawdrons, cauldrons, 7/6.

kembyth, combs (wool), 32/21.

kempster, female woolcomber, 32/18;

kempsters, 2/15.

kersses, creases, 13/36.

ketelmaker, kettle-maker, 47/2;

ketelmakers, 2/23.

keuerchief (see the Notes), 8/36;

keuerchifs, kerchiefs, 43/14.

keupis, tubs, barrels, 44/17.

kien, kyen, cows, 12/29, 19/21.

knowlechid, confessed, 43/24.

kreme, cream, 12/38.

L

laces, latchets, ties, 21/40.

langyng, belonging, 1/8.

lastes, lasts (weight), 21/13.

late, let, 27/12.

lauendre, laundress, 31/26.

lauours, wash-hand basins, 7/8.

lede, lead, cart (dung), 45/11.

leed, lead (metal), 21/22.

lelyes, lilies, 13/20.

leneth, lends, 39/12, 33.

lengthe, lengthen, 57/31.

lese, lose, 15/39.

letews, lettuce, 13/34.

leuain, leaven, 14/20.

leue, leave:

take l., 5/22.

leue, make an abatement, 16/3.

leuer, rather, 15/37.

leuyng, leaving;

used to translate relief (de la table), 9/7.

lewd freris, lay brothers, Beghards, 24/6.

leyzer, leisure;

by l., in a leisurely way (i.e. finding little custom), 46/20.

librariers, booksellers, 2/23.

lichorous, dainty, fond of good living, 33/20.

loches, loach, 12/16.

loftes, upper rooms, 6/28.

lokyer, locksmith, 46/32;

lokyers, 2/36.

longhe, lung, 26/28.

Luke, Liege, 23/18.

luses, luces, pike (fish), 12/12.

luste, desire, 32/36.

lyef, ladylove, 29/14.

lyfte honde, left hand, 48/12.

lynweuar, linen weaver, 38/9;

lynweuers, 2/22.

lystes (translation of lesons, settees), 7/5.

M

maistre, prefix to the name of a physician, 34/38.

makerell, mackerel, 12/6.

maluesey, malmsey, 14/10.

mandemaker, basket maker, 38/19;

maundemakers, 2/24.

mandis, baskets, 38/21.

maners, sorts, kinds, 18/24, 19/36, 38/3.

marchans, merchants, 21/17.

marcke, mark (coin), 51/24.

mareshall, marshal (of France), 30/2.

maroners, sailors, 11/39.

marte, market, fair, 19/1.

Mase, the Meuse, 12/18.

masone, do mason’s work, 40/9.

mastrye, maystrye, rule, 43/28;

has them to mastrye, has them in his power, 43/25.

matynes, matins, 27/17.

mayde Marie, the Virgin Mary, 48/17.

mayntene, keep a stock of, 6/29.

me, one (= Fr. on), 6/19, 8/12, 12/38, 14/22, 26/12, &c.

mecop, poppy;

oyle of m., 20/11.

mede, mead (drink), 14/15.

medle with, deal in, 18/6.

medleyed, mixed, 14/34.

medliers, medlars, 13/7.

meesen, tomtits, 10/37 (a Flemish word).

membres, limbs, 27/4.

Mence, Mayence, 23/10.

merceryes, mercer’s goods, 1/28.

meruaylle, marvel, 32/31.

meschief, misfortune, 29/8.

messager, messenger, 45/1;

messagiers, 2/32.

mestelyn, mixed corn, 44/22.

metar, measurer, 16/34, 44/20;

metars, 2/32.

mete (verb), measure, 16/29;

meten, moten, measured, 26/25, 40/15, 44/21.

meuyd, moved, disposed, 48/37.

meyne, household, 5/35.

mo, moo, more (as adv. and with a plural), 3/2, 3/34, 11/9, 30/21.

moche, very, 26/6, 32/12, 50/35.

molettis, mullets, fish, 12/6.

morberies, mulberries, 13/6.

mormale, gangrene, 41/40.

morreey, murrey (colour), 14/38.

mortier, mortar (kitchen utensil), 26/40.

mote, may (in wishes), 4/38, 5/25.

moten:

see mete.

mottes, hillocks, mounds, 13/25.

mowe, be able, 3/22, 11/7, 50/37.

muscadel (wine), 14/7.

mylnars, millers, 2/21.

myntemakers, coiners, 2/34.

myte, half farthing, 51/31.

N

Nauerne, Navarre, 22/37.

nayled, studded with nails, 31/36.

naylle, clove (wool weight), 19/13.

ne, nor, 10/34, 20/5;

not, 19/20;

redundant negative, 12/22, 20/4, 29/26.

nether court, farm yard, 40/2.

neueus, nephews, 6/6.

nobles, half-marks (6s. 8d.), 51/24;

see ryallis nobles.

nokertree, walnut tree, 13/14.

noppe, to burl (cloth), 33/15.

nopster, burler, 33/12.

notes, nuts, 13/6.

nothyng, not at all, 5/18.

noyeng, annoyance, harm, 29/8.

O

officials (of the church), 2/4, 23/25.

of the, of, = Fr. partitive article, 10/9, 41/7, 47/22.

olifaunts, elephants, 11/19.

ooke, oak, 13/3.

orfrayes, borders of gold lace, 36/8.

Oseye, Alsace;

wyn of O., 14/8.

Ostryche, Austria, 24/20.

othirwhyle, sometimes, 40/21.

ouermoche, too much, 5/5.

oughteth, ought, 40/3.

our lady in heruest, the Assumption, Aug. 15, 28/23.

our lady in marche, Lady-day, Mar. 25, 28/21.

oures, books of hours, 38/39.

owe, ought, 37/23;

oweth to, is to (do something), 31/34.

oynementis, ointments, 41/24.

P

paintours, painters, 2/25.

paintures, pigments, paints, 20/16.

palfreye, 45/20.

parchemyn, perchemyn, parchment, 2/38, 39/5, 47/15.

pardon, parish festival, 28/33.

parfourmed, finished making, 33/39.

partie, part, 21/2.

partis, books on the parts of speech, 38/40.

partrichs, partridges, 11/1.

pasteyes, pies, 12/37.

pauntcher, girdle to hold up the breeches, 8/35.

pauteners, pawteners, purses, 36/22, 41/5.

paynefull weke, the Passion week, 28/28.

pece:

the p., apiece, 47/5.

pelowes, pillows, 8/35.

pendants of silke, ? ribbons worn as trimmings for dress, 21/39.

penners, writing cases, 21/33.

pens, pence, 3/8, 17/25, &c.;

as a weight, 31/37.

penyworthes, wares, 18/1.

perche, pole to hang cloth on, 8/28.

perchemyn:

see parchemyn.

peres, pears, 13/4.

persely, parsley, 13/32.

pesen, peas, 13/39, 22/11.

pesibly, peaceably, 9/17.

pesshes, peaches, 12/7.

pestyll, pestel, pestle, 8/28, 27/1.

pikerellis (fish), 12/13.

pikes (fish), 12/13.

pilchemaker, pelisse maker, 14/23;

cf. pylche.

Pl

plackes, placks (Scots copper coin), 17/23.

plaise, plese, please:

if you plaise ony thyng, 5/6;

yf it you plese you, 15/16.

plate, breastplate, 33/33.

platers, platters, trays, 7/30.

playne, refl., complain, 31/12.

plete, go to law, 47/13.

pleyers, minstrels, 2/35.

plouier, plover, 10/35.

polettes, pullets, fowls, 44/2;

see poullet.

pomyce, pumice-stone, 47/21.

Poole, Poland, 22/39.

porreette, leeks, 13/3.

porselane, purslain, 13/34.

Portingale, Portugal, 23/2.

Portingalers, Portuguese, 42/5.

portoses, breviaries, 39/8.

potages, pot-herbs, 1/16;

soups or stews, 20/32.

potterye, crockery market, 7/13.

poullet, pullet, 10/32;

see polettes.

pourchaced, obtained, 38/37.

poure, poor, 37/35.

pourpays, porpoises, 12/2.

powches, pouches, 41/7.

poyntels, pencils for ruling lines, 21/34.

poyntes, tags for dress, 21/30.

Poytevins, men of Poitou, 43/5.

preysith, praises, 32/26.

printed cakes, 12/36.

pris, price, 26/20.

proctour, proctor, 47/9.

prouostye, provostship, 30/11.

pryelle, meadow, close, 45/18.

prys, prize, 45/32.

pulter, poulterer, 44/1.

pultrie, poultry market, 10/30.

pursser, purse-maker, 41/4;

pursers, 2/28.

pybakers, pastry cooks, 2/34.

pylche, pelisse, 46/21;

pylches, 9/2;

cf. pilchemaker.

pylle (verb), peel (garlic), 27/7.

Q

quarte (measure: = stope), 7/27.

qultes paynted, counterpanes, 6/31.

quysshons, cushions, 50/10.

R

rapes, turnips, 13/36.

raye, striped cloth, 14/39.

Raynes, Reims, 23/9.

recche, reck, care, 27/35;

used impersonally (me reccheth), 27/18.

receyuour, receiver of taxes, 44/35.

recommaunde me to, salute for me, 5/36.

recyte, receipts, income, 3/9.

reed, red, 22/1.

rekenynges, accounts, 37/1.

remeuyd, removed, 34/20.

renomed, notorious, 40/19.

rente, income, 37/3.

rented, endowed with a stipend, 23/30.

repreuud, reproved, 33/4.

respyte, truce, 30/4.

rightfull, just (said of God), 47/40.

roches, roach, 12/15.

Roen, Rouen, 23/9.

rogettis, red mullet, 12/5.

Romeneye, wine of Romanée, 14/10.

royames, kingdoms, 29/37.

ryallis nobles (English coin), 17/33.

rynysshe, rynysh, Rhenish (wine), 14/4;

(guilders), 17/31.

Ryselle, Lille, 18/31.

S

Sacrament, day of, Corpus Christi day, 28/30.

sad blew, dark blue, 14/38.

salewe, salute, 4/23;

salewyng, 4/27.

salews, saluts (coin of Lyons), 17/34.

sallyers, salt-cellars, 7/32.

samon, salmon, 12/17.

sarges, blankets, 6/37.

sauete, safety, 50/18.

sauf your grace, by your leave, 17/3, 28/36.

sauge, sage, 13/33.

saussers, sauce boats, 7/31.

sawters, psalters, 39/1.

saye, a kind of cloth, 14/40.

sayme of hereng (heryngs), lard, grease, 20/33, 46/18.

scallyd, scabbed, 36/5.

scoutes (Flemish municipal officers), 43/28.

scryne, casket, 46/36.

scutes, écus, crowns, 17/32.

seeke, seke, sick, 11/5, 14/1.

seethe, boil, 30/23.

selers, cellars, 6/30.

seten, sat, 45/34.

seuen salmes, books containing the seven penitential psalms, 39/1.

sextain, sacristan, 45/20.

sextiers (measure of capacity), 1/8.

shal wylle, 3/37.

shame (refl.), to be ashamed, 37/14.

shelynges, shillings, 3/8, 15/15.

shepster, tailoress, 42/10;

shepsters, 2/29.

shere, shear (cloth), 32/14.

sheremen, shearers (of cloth), 2/15.

sheres, shears, scissors, 21/36.

shette, shut, 50/12.

shold, should (= would), 3/3.

shrewest, worst-tempered, 44/27.

siewet, suet (renders Fr. sieu, tallow), 20/30.

siluer, = money, 18/12, 18/19.

skaylles, ? flat tiles, 40/25.

skepyns, Flemish aldermen, 43/29.

skowre, scour, 31/30, 34/17.

So

so, = O.Fr. si (emphasizing a statement), 4/21.

soden, boiled, 12/25;

wyn s., boiled wine, 14/11.

solas, comfort, 29/7.

solere, upper story, 50/7.

sommonce, summons, 47/10.

somone, summon, 47/11.

sooles, solos (fish), 12/4.

sowers, sewing-men, 34/9.

sowned, rung (of a bell), 30/15.

sperehaukes, sparrow-hawks, 43/39.

speres, lances, 45/31.

spete, spit (for roasting), 31/21.

spinster, female spinner, 32/24;

spynsters, 2/15.

sponne, spun, 32/27.

spores, spurs, 25/40.

spoylle, 26/37 (see the Notes).

sprotte, sprat, 12/5.

spycier, grocer, 19/34;

spycers, 2/29.

squyer, squire, 45/25.

stall, stole, 36/6.

stede, steed, 45/30.

Sterbrigge, Stourbridge (fair), near Cambridge, 19/3.

sterlyngis pens, sterling pennies, 17/35;

a pound sterlings, 51/22.

stewed, heated with hot-air baths, 42/30.

stewes:

see

styewe

.

steyres, stairs, 14/32.

stope, quart measure, 7/18.

stoppe, mend (clothes), 34/14.

stratch, stretch, extend to, 3/26.

strawe, give straw to (horses), 49/35.

suete, sweet, 13/17, 35/3.B

surcote, overcoat, 14/16.

suster, sister, 6/8;

sustres, 6/9.

swerde, sword, 33/30.

syre, sire, sir, 4/24, 5/4, 16/20.

syth, sith, since, seeing that, 17/4, 7;

then, 26/1;

syth . . . sith, first . . . and then, 25/18;

syth that, since, after, 32/16.

syther, cider, 14/18.

T

taillour, tailor, 34/1.

take on honde, = take in hand, 3/38.

tapytes, bed hangings, 6/37.

taryeng, tarrying, 14/25.

tasses, satchels, 21/32.

tauerner, tavern-keeper, 35/17.

taweth, tans, 46/13.

tawyer, tanner, 46/10;

tawyers, 2/25.

telle, count, 17/17.

temmesis, sieves, 38/22.

temporalite, temporal concerns, 45/40.

termes of the yere, 2/12, 28/8.

Terrewyne, Terouenne, 23/20.

tesyke, phthisis, 41/40.

that one . . . that other, the one, the other, 35/7.

theder, thither, 32/3.

thise, these, 13/16, 22/4.

thornbake, thornback (fish), 12/4.

thourgh

, through, 8/26.

thre kynges, day of, Epiphany, 28/27.

tofor, tofore, before, 32/4, 38/7.

togyder, together, 33/1.

tollar, toll collector, 44/29.

tonge, pair of tongs, 8/9.

tornoye, tourney, 45/27.

tour, tower;

kepar of the t., 43/9.

tournemens, tournaments, 25/1.

tree, wood, 7/34.

trenchours, trenchers, 7/32.

treuet, trivet, stand for a pot, 8/5.

Treyer, Treves, 23/10.

triacle, ‘treacle,’ antidote to poison, 11/31;

triacle boxe, 31/39.

triews, truce, 29/38.

trippes, tripe, 26/27.

tweyne, two, 51/6.

tyerse, tierce (canonical hour), 27/35.

tylers, tilers, 2/26.

tymbre, do the woodwork of, 40/3.

tymbre wood, wood for building, timber, 40/6.

V

valure, rank, dignity, 4/17.

vannes, winnowing baskets, ‘fans,’ 38/20.

verdures, green herbs, 38/20.

verry, true, 48/4.

vessches, vetches, 22/10.

viage, journey, 48/38.

vnces, ounces, 21/10.

vpholster, old clothes man, 34/13;

vpholdsters, 2/17.

vsuriers, usurers, 2/25.

vylonye, bad manners, rudeness, 29/1.

W

wafres, wafers, milk cakes, 12/40.

wan, begat, 46/33.

wardeyns, wardens (of a guild), 44/14.

wastles, cakes, 13/1.

waye, wey (wool weight), 19/12.

weeshe, wish, 46/39.

well, will, 26/3.

wene, think, 16/14;

wende, thought, 11/10.

werres, wars, 25/3.

weuar, weaver, 31/39;

weuers, 2/13.

weue, weave, 31/40.

weyeng, weighing, 31/37.

wherof:

if ye haue w., if you can afford it, 7/14.

whiler, a while ago, 46/20; = Flemish wilen eer.

whutche, box, 8/20.

whyte mete, butter, cheese, eggs, &c. 1/12, 12/33.

wo is me, I am sorry for it, 46/8.

wolde:

ye w. saye, you mean, 30/17;

I w., I could wish, 46/8.

woned, accustomed, 34/21.

wood, woad, 20/38.

worshippe, vb., reverence (parents), 9/24.

wortes, potherbs, 14/2.

wote, (I) know, 21/4.

wrastlyng, wrestling, 33/5.

wreton, written, 25/13.

wull, wool, 1/20.

wullen, woollen, 14/29.

wurte (renders F. tercheul, bran), 14/21.

Wyllemyns, Guillelmin friars, 24/3.

wylough, willow, 13/15.

wyndowed:

well w., 6/24.

wyn[n]e, win, earn, 46/47.

wyneman, wine maker, 46/37.

wyte, know, 18/12.

Y

y-asured, azure-tinted, 14/36.

ye, yes, 30/21, 49/27.

yelde, render (accounts), 37/1.

yeres minde, anniversary, 25/32.

yeue, give, 15/24 (but gyue, 16/14, &c.).

ynche, ynke, ink, 30/23, 39/5;

see enke hornes.

youris, yours, your family, 5/20.

ypocras, a medicated wine, 14/12.

ysope, hyssop, 13/33.

NAMES OF PEOPLE, PLACES, &c.

(A few are also given in the List of English Words, pp. 53-60. —F.)

A   B   C   D   E   F   G   H   I   J   K   L   M
N   O   P   Q   R   S   T   V   W   X   Y   Z

A

Abel, 26/12.

Abraham, 25/37.

Adryan, 26/16; 27/36.

Agace, 28/10, Agatha.

Agnes, 28/5.

Alarde, 26/7.

Albright, 29/28, Albert.

Alemayne, 14/17; 22/27, Germany.

Alfranke, 34/38, Lanfranc?

All Hallows’ Day, 28/18.

Aloste, 18/34.

Alsace, 14/4, 8.

Amand, 29/13.

Amelbergh, 29/21.

Amyas, 30/10, Amiens.

Anastase, 29/2.

Andrew, 26/16, 23.

Andwerp, 18/37; 19/1, Antwerp.

Anselm, 26/34.

Antonye, 27/15.

Appolyn, 28/35, a man’s name.

Aprille, 27/40.

Aragon, 22/35.

Ardane, 43/38, Ardennes.

Arnold, 27/5.

Arnold of Noirs, 24/33.

Arondel, 24/21.

Ascension Day, 28/16.

Aspremond, 24/35.

Aubin, 27/10.

August, 28/2, 34.

Austria, 24/20.

Austyn, 27/22.

Austyns, 24/5, Augustinian friars.

Auynyon, 22/20; 45/21, Avignon.

B

Barnabe, 31/3.

Bartilmews faire (Smithfield), 19/8.

Basil, 31/10.

Bath, 18/27.

Baudewyn, 30/1, Baldwin.

Beane, 14/5, Beaune.

Beatrice, the laundress, 31/26.

Beaumound, 24/30.

Belle, 18/33.

Beme, 22/38, Bohemia.

Benet, the churl, 30/8.

Bernard, 30/15.

Berow, 19/2; 24/31, Bergues.

Berte, 31/30.

Bertilmewe, 30/27, Bartholomew.

Bertram, 30/36.

Biauuays, 23/17, Beauvais.

Boloyne, 24/27; 49/4; 50/14, Boulogne, close to Paris.

Boniface, 30/22.

Bousser, 24/31, Bourchier.

Brabanders, 43/3.

Bretaigne, 24/16, Brittany.

Bristow, 18/27, Bristol.

Bruges, 43/22; Brugges, 18/29, Bruges.

Brussels, 18/36.

Bryce, 31/18.

Burgoyne, 24/19, Burgundy.

Bussin, the hangman of Bruges, 43/21.

C

Cambrigge, 19/8, Cambridge.

Camerik, 23/19, Cambray.

Candlemas Day, 28/22, Feb. 12.

Catherine, the kempster, 32/18.

Cathon, 9/27, Dionysius Cato.

Caunterbury, 23/6.

Cecile, 22/36, Sicily.

Cecile, the spinster, 32/24, Cecilia.

Chalons, 19/7.

Charles of France, 30/1.

Charter House, 24/4.

Chestre, 23/13.

Christian, the collar-maker, 46/26.

Christine, the seduced, 46/30.

Christmas, 28/15.

Cistiauls, 23/37, Cistercians.

Clare, the blind, 33/6.

Clare, St., 24/10.

Clarice, the nopster, 33/12.

Clemence, 32/39.

Clement, 32/39.

Clermonde, 24/26, Clermont.

Cluny, 23/32.

Colard, the goldsmith, 31/33; the fuller, 32/9.

Coleyne, 23/8, Cologne.

Colombe, 32/32.

Comynes, 18/32.

Conrad, the shearman, 32/13.

Coventry, procession of, 28/32.

Cyprian, the weaver, 31/39.

D

Damian, the armourer, 33/32.

Danes, 43/8.

David, the bridle-maker, 33/21.

Dendremonde, 18/34.

Denis, the furbisher, 33/26.

Denmarke, 23/1.

Dixmuthe, 18/31.

Donaas, the doublet-maker, 33/38.

Dornyk, 18/30, Tournay.

Dover, 24/29.

E

Easter, 26/12.

Easterlings, 43/1.

Elias, the painter, 34/19.

Elzeter, 14/4; Aussy, Alsace.

Englishmen, 30/5; 43/3.

Englissh, 1/1.

Englond, 14/16; 17/21, 24, 33; 22/32; 51/24.

Ermentin, the sick man, 34/35.

Eustace, the tailor, 34/1.

Everard, the upholster, 34/13.

F

Felice, the silkwoman, 36/20.

Ferraunt, the hosier, 35/40.

Feuerer, 27/39, February.

Fierin, the baker, 35/28.

Flaundres, 17/22; 24/25; 51/26, Flanders.

Flemings, 43/4.

Forker, the cordwainer, 35/39.

Francis, the draper, 35/9.

Fraunce, 22/28; 24/34; 30/2, France.

Frederick, the wine-crier, 35/23.

Fremyn, the taverner, 35/17, Firmin.

Frenchmen, 43/2.

Frensshe, 1/1; 14/6; 51/37, French.

Friseland, men of, 43/8.

G

Gabriel, the linen-weaver, 38/9.

Garnade, 14/8, Granada.

Gascoyne, 14/9, Gascony.

Gaunt, 18/29, Ghent.

Genoese, 43/6.

George, the bookseller, 38/31.

Gerard, the miller, 36/27.

Germole, 14/5.

Gertrude, Gilbert’s sister, 39/14.

Gervase, the scrivener, 36/35.

Gervase, the smith, 39/10.

Gheldreland, 24/18, Guelderland.

Gherlin, the kettle-maker, 38/23.

Ghyselin, the basket-maker, 38/19.

Gilbert, 36/24; 39/14.

God, 49/32; 50/17-19, 23-4 (see 55/2).

Gombert, the butcher, 37/31.

Greek, 14/11.

Guisebert, the bowmaker, 36/24.

Guy, the fishmonger, 37/40.

Guyan, 24/17, Guyenne.

H

Haesburgh, 29/28.

Harry, the painter, 39/23.

Henaud, 24/28, Hainault.

Heynewiers, 43/7, Hainaulters.

Holand, 24/28.

Hollanders, 43/7.

Holy Ghost, 51/38.

I

Isaac, the wineman, 46/37; the kettlemaker, 47/3.

J

Janiuer, 27/39, January.

Jenewys, 43/6, Genoese.

Jennette, the maid, 50/5.

Jherusalem, 23/5.

John, the usurer, 38/28.

Juyll, 28/2, July.

Juyn, 28/1, June.

K

Katherin, the kempster, 32/18.

Kylian, and his fellows, 39/35.

L

Lady, Our: her days in March (25) and Harvest (Aug. 15), 28/21, 25.

Lady, Our, of Boulogne, 49/4.

Lambert, the carpenter, 39/39.

Lamfroy, the tiler, 40/23.

Lancaster, 24/15.

Laurence, the mason, 40/8.

Lenard, the thatcher, 40/29.

Lewin, the brewer, 40/16.

Lincoln, 23/14.

Logier, the felt-maker, 40/37.

Lombards, 43/4.

London, 18/26; 19/6; 23/11; 51/33.

Louayn, 18/37, Louvain.

Lucian, the glover, 40/40.

Lucy, the bastard, 41/8.

Luke, 23/18, Liège.

Lyon, the purse-maker, 41/1.

Lyons, 17/34.

M

Mabel, the tailoress, 42/10.

Marche, 27/40, March.

Margret, 10/7.

Martin, the grocer, 41/12.

Mary, Virgin, 48/17 (see Lady.)

Mase, 12/18, the river Meuse.

Maud, the cap-maker, 42/17.

Maximian, the physician, 41/29.

May, 28/1.

Mence, 23/10, Mayence.

Menyn, 18/32.

Montpelier, 43/40.

Morris, the surgeon, 41/20.

N

Naples, 23/4.

Natalia, the bathwoman, 42/27.

Nauerne, 22/37, Navarre.

New Year’s Day, 28/26.

Nicholas, the mustard-maker, 42/21.

Noirs, 24/33.

Novembre, 28/4.

O

Oberol, the innkeeper, 42/38.

Octobre, 28/3.

Ogier, the falconer, 43/36; the poulterer, 44/1.

Oliver, the broker, 42/34.

Onnour, keeper of the tower and prison, 43/9.

Oseye, 14/8, Osoye, Alsace.

Ostryche, 24/20, Austria.

P

Palm Sunday, 28/25.

Pardon of Sion, 28/33.

Parys, 18/28; 23/15, Paris.

Paul, the cooper, 44/16.

Paulin, the corn-meter, 44/20.

Peter, the wool-beater, 44/5.

Philipote, the thieving maid, 36/5.

Pieryne, Peter’s daughter, 44/26.

Poole, 22/39, Poland.

Poperyng, 18/33.

Portingale, 23/2, Portugal.

Portingalers, 43/5, Portuguese.

Poytevyns, 43/2, folk of Poitou.

Premonstrence, 23/40, Premonstratenses.

Procession-Days, 28/31-2.

Q

Querine, the dice-maker, 44/37.

Quintine, the toll-taker, 44/29.

R

Randolf, the money-changer, 45/33.

Reyner, the squire, 45/25.

Reynes, 23/9, Reims.

Richard, the carter, 45/10.

Richard, the currier, 45/9.

Robert, the messenger, 45/1.

Roberte, the she-heckler, 45/5.

Roen, 18/28; 23/9, Rouen.

Roger, the sacristan, 45/20.

Roland, the handworker, 45/17.

Rome, 22/19, 22.

Romeneye, 14/10, Romanée (?).

Rynyssh, 14/4; 17/31, Rhenish.

Ryselle, 18/31, Lille.

S

Sacrament Day, 28/30.

Salesbury, 19/4, Salisbury.

Scotland, 23/3.

Scots, 30/6; 43/6.

Senlys, 23/16.

Septembre, 28/3.

Shrovetide, 28/24.

Skepyns, 43/29; Eschevins (see 59/1).

Spaniards, 43/5.

Spayne, 14/6; 20/17, Spain.

St. Bartholomew’s Fair, 19/5.

St. Benet, 24/2, St. Benedict.

St. Bernard, 23/38.

St. Christopher’s Day, 28/20.

St. Clare, 24/10.

St. James, 49/3.

St. John, 28/15.

St. Kylian, 39/35.

St. Martin’s Mass, 28/19.

St. Omers, 18/35.

St. Peter’s Day, 28/16.

St. Pol, 24/27.

St. Remigius, 28/17.

Stephen, the glazier, 34/30.

Sterbrigge, 19/3, Stourbridge.

T

Terrewyn, 23/20, Touraine.

Three-Kings’ Day, 28/27.

Thursday, 38/16.

Treyer, 23/10, Treves.

Trinity term, 28/15.

V

Valensynes, 18/35, Valenciennes.

Valerian, the tawyer, 46/10.

Vedast, the furrier, 46/19.

W

Walburge, the pilch-maker, 46/23.

Walram, the currier, 46/14.

Walter, the paternoster-maker, 46/1.

Westmestre, 19/9; 51/33, Westminster.

Whitefriars, 42/33.

Whitsuntide, 28/16.

William, the brushmaker, 46/5.

Winchester, 23/12.

Wyllemyns, 24/3, Guillelmins, friars.

X

Xpristian, Xpristine, 46/26, 30, Christian, Christine.

Y

York, 18/26; 23/7; 24/12; 28/31 (procession).

Ypre, 18/30, Ypres.

Ysaac, the wyneman, 46/37; the kettlemaker, 47/3.

Ysores, the joiner, 46/34.

Z

Zachary, the proctor, 47/9.

LIST OF FRENCH WORDS

(For the modern meanings of Caxton’s englishings,
see the ‘List of English Words,’ pp. 53-60 above.)

A-Ao   Ap-Ay   Ba-Bl   Bo-Bu   Ca-Ce   Ch   Ci-Co   Cr-Cy   Da-De   Di-Dy   Ea-En   Es-Ex   Fa-Fl   Fo-Fy   G   H   IJ   K   L   Ma   Me   Mi-My   N   O   Pa   Pe-Pi   Pl-Po   Pr-Py   Q   R   Sa-Se   Si-Sy   Ta-Ti   To-Ty   Va-Ve   Vi-Vy   W   Y

A

a, 47/18, on.

a b c, 2/11.

abbes, 2/4, abbotes.

abuures, 49/36, watred.

accidens, 38/40, accidents.

acertes, 16/1, certainly.

achates, 10/9, bye.

acheuee, 38/15, ended.

achier, 21/22, steell.

acompaignie, 45/27, acompanyed,

acompter, 3/7, rekene.

acquite, 37/29, acquite.

a dieu, 49/2, to god.

aduiegne, 36/18, come.

aduises, 48/11, aduised.

affiert, 4/8, behoueth.

afourceurs, 43/14, rauisshers.

ahanne, 45/12, ered.

ahontier, 37/14, shame.

aies, 4/39, haue.

aigles, 11/24, eygles.

ailleurs, 3/30, somwhere els.

ainchois, 26/2, er;

27/8, erst.

ainsi, 5/23, thus.

aisies, 49/19, easyd (see aysies).

al, 27/11, at the.

ale fois, 18/22, othir while.

alesnes, 21/34, alles.

allez, 5/27, goo.

alme, 16/27, soule.

aloses, 12/7, alouses.

alouwes, 11/2, larkes.

aloyeres, 21/32, pawteners.

alumes, 50/5, lyghte.

alun, 20/35, alume.

amaine, 25/25, bryng.

amandes, 13/9, almandes.

amenra, 40/10, shal brynge.

ameroie mieulx, 15/37, had I leuer.

amye, 4/35, frende;

29/14, lyef.

angeles, 48/20, angelis.

anguilles, 12/12, eelis.

anijs, 20/3, anyse.

annettes, 10/38, doukes.

annyuersaire, 25/32, yeres mynde.

anthan, 32/5, foryere.

aoust, 28/23, heruest.

Ap

apostles, 48/18, apostles,

apostumes, 41/23, apostomes.

apotecaires, 1/22, apotecaries.

apparaillies, 4/15, redy.

appelle, 16/34, called.

appertient, 8/6, belongeth.

appiert, 37/34, appereth.

apportes, 29/32, brynge.

aprendre, 1/4, lerne.

apres, 11/33, herafter.

aprise, 29/16, taught.

Apuril, 27/40, April.

arain, 21/23, bras.

arblastriers, 36/26, arblastrers.

arbres, 13/10, trees.

arceniers, 2/20, boumakers.

archangeles, 48/20, archangelis.

archeuesques, 2/4, archebisshops.

arcs, 36/25, bowes.

arde, 30/26, (that it) brenne.

argent, 18/12, siluer.

armoyer, 33/32, armorer.

arrester, 26/8, tarieng.

artetique, 42/7, goute.

asnes, 11/20, asses.

assaye, 26/18, assayed.

assemble, 39/32, gadred to gedyr.

asseoir, 8/5, to sette.

asses, 29/20, ynough.

asuret, 14/36, y-asured.

attendre, 14/25, taryeng.

aual, 1/8, langyng;

6/19, after.

auantage, 46/11, auantage.

auaynne, 22/10, otes.

aucteur, 3/33, auctour.

aucunes, 48/35, ony.

auenture, 29/10, auenture.

aueugle, 33/6, blynde.

auiourdhuy, 32/7, this day.

aulmosne, 33/8, almesse.

aulnes, 16/21, elles.

aultrement, 37/24, othirwyse.

aultres, 9/6, othir.

aulx, 8/25, garlyk.

aunte, 6/3, aunte.

aurain, 32/19, right now (see orains).

aussi, 49/40, also.

auwes, 10/38, ghees.

aysies, 48/31, at his ease (see aisies).

Ba

bachinnet, 33/34, bacenet.

bachins, 7/8, basyns.

bachon, 10/23, bacon.

baillies, 17/13, gyue.

bailly, 30/10, baylly.

balainnes, 12/2, whales.

ballances, 21/11, balances.

balles, 20/36, bales.

bancs, 7/4, benches.

banerets, 24/33, banerett.

bankers, 7/1, bankers.

banny, 43/34, banysshed.

barbier, 47/12, barbour.

bargaigne, 10/24, chepe (see bergaignier).

baron, 46/25, husbonde.

barons, 2/8, barons.

bas, 34/36, softe.

basenne, 19/26, basenne.

basse, 6/31, lowe.

bastard, 14/7, bastard.

bastarde, 41/8, bastarde.

bateiller, 35/6, fighten.

bateure, 44/5, betar.

batteries, 38/26, baterye.

baysier, 32/35, kyssed.

becq, 26/33, beck.

becques, 12/13, pikes.

becquets, 12/13, pikerellis.

beestes, 1/9, bestis.

beghines, 24/11, beghyns.

belfroy, 40/24, steple.

belle, 29/18, faire.

berchie, 33/17, rocked.

bergaignier, 14/28, bergayne (see bargaigne).

besoing est, 6/22, it be to doo.

besongnes, 6/18, thinges.

betes, 13/32, betes.

beuurages, 1/17, drynkes.

beuuries, 27/9, (ye) shall drynke.

biau, 30/33, fayr;

b. sire, 18/3, fair sire.

biaucop, 36/9, many.

bien, 4/39, well.

biens, 29/20, goodes.

bisse, 10/27, hyndecalf.

blances, 13/18, white.

bled, 13/40, whete.

bleu, 14/36, blyew.

Bo

bogars (? for begars), 24/6, lewd freris.

boire, 28/35, ete (instead of drynke).

boit on, 14/22, drynke me.

bonnes, 52/3, good.

borages, 13/37, borage.

bordures, 22/5, broythures.

boucerie, 37/32, bocherie.

bouche, 29/39, mouth.

bouchiers, 2/21, bochiers.

boucle, 21/28, bocle.

bouk, 19/23, bukke.

boulengiers, 2/19, bakers.

boulie, 14/19, boulye.

bouly, 12/35, soden.

bouriaulx, 43/22, hangman.

bourre, 6/36, flockes.

boursiers, 2/28, pursers.

boursses, 21/29, purses.

bousiaux, 25/39, bootes.

bouter, 37/37, to put.

boutoirs, 10/40, butores.

boys, 13/22, wodes.

boysteuse, 32/32, halting.

boz, 7/27, wode.

braieul, 8/38, pauntcher.

brandeurs, 8/8, andyrons.

brasse, 40/17, breweth.

brasseur, 40/16, brewar.

brayes, 8/37, briches.

brebys, 12/29, sheep.

bresmes, 12/7, bremes.

breuiares, 39/8, portoses.

brezil, 20/18, brasyll.

briefment, 3/16, shortly.

browet, 10/20, browet.

brun, 20/1, broun.

bryef, 4/25, le plus b., the shortest.

bue, 14/24, wesshe;

buera, 31/28, shall wassh.

buef, 10/14, bueff.

burchmaistre, 44/13, bourghmaistre.

bure, 9/5, butter.

buuerons, 26/26, shall we drynke.

buuraiges, 14/3, drynkes.

buuray ie, 28/37, shall I drynke.

Ca

cabellau, 12/3, coddelyng.

calys, 7/2, chalon.

cammelle, 20/2, cammelle.

caniuet, 47/23, penknyf.

cannes, 7/10, cannes.

car, 9/26, for.

cardinaulz, 2/3, cardinals.

cardons, 13/28, thistles.

carmes, 24/5, white freris.

carpres, 12/12, carpes.

Cathon, 9/27, Cathon.

catons, 38/38, catons.

cattel, 15/12, catell.

catz, 11/19, cattes.

caulx, 40/14, chalke.

ce que, 1/4, that which.

celee, 37/9, secrete.

celuy, 5/9, hym.

censes, 37/5, fermes.

cerenceresse, 45/5, heklester.

cerench, 45/7, hekell.

certainement, 5/16, certaynely.

certes, 16/5, certaynly.

cesse, 34/7, resteth.

cestui, 3/29, this.

Ch

cha, 25/25, hyther;

de cha, 44/28, on this side.

chaiers, 7/4, chayers.

chainture, 31/35, gyrdle.

chambre, 31/32, chambre.

chandelliere, 47/6, candelmaker.

chandeloer, 28/22, candlemasse.

chandeylles, 47/7, candellis.

change, 45/34, change.

changiers, 2/33, chaungers.

channeue, 45/6, hempe (see chenneue).

channonnes, 23/30, chanons.

chapelrie, 45/23, fre chapell.

chapitle, 15/4, chapitre.

chappelains, 24/7, chappelains.

chappon, 10/33, capon.

chappron, 4/18, hood.

chareton, 45/10, cartar.

charge, 48/6, charge.

charpentier, 40/3, to tymbre.

charpentiers, 2/27, carpenters.

chars, 1/9, flessh.

chartres, 36/36, chartres.

chartreurs, 24/4, monkes of chartre hous.

chastel, 40/1, castell.

chastelain, 24/29, castelayn.

chastoyes, 9/32, chastyse.

chaude, 50/8, hoot.

chaudel, 14/1, caudell.

chaudiers, 7/7, ketellis.

chaudrelier, 38/23, ketelmaker.

chaudrens, 7/6, kawdrons.

chauetiers, 2/28, cobelers.

chauist, 42/11, cheuissheth.

chault, 27/18, reccheth.

chault, 27/4, hete.

chausies, 25/39, do on.

chausser, 35/40, hosyer.

chemises, 8/37, chertes.

chemyn, 26/4, way.

chenneue, 20/13, hempseed (see channeue).

cheoir, 25/11, falle.

cherfeul, 13/32, cheruyll.

cherises, 13/5, cheryes.

cherisier, 13/11, cherye tree.

cherront, 25/11, shalle fall.

chescun, 1/7, euery . . . othir.

chesne, 13/13, ooke.

cheual, 25/26, hors.

cheualiers, 2/8, knyghtes.

cheuaucheray, 25/29, (I) shall ryde.

chielliers, 6/30, selers.

chien, 41/3, hound.

chier, 35/34, dere.

chieuerel, 10/23, gheet.

chincque, 17/25, fiue.

chire, 20/25, waxe.

chose, 5/6, thyng.

chucre, 20/1, sugre.

chuynes, 11/3, storkes.

chyens, 49/25, here withinne.

Ci

cierf, 41/2, herte.

cignes, 11/3, swannes (see signes).

cirurgiens, 25/9, surgyens.

cite, 42/29, cite.

clarey, 14/12, clarey.

clau, 19/13, nayll.

claux, 41/22, soores.

clercq, 23/33, clerke.

clere, 34/40, clere.

clergesses, 24/11, clergesses.

clocque, 30/15, belle.

clocques, 8/31, clokes.

clocquiers, 49/15, steples.

coc, 10/34, cocke.

coffyns, 21/33, coffyns.

cognoissaunce, 4/13, knowelech.

cognossies, 4/12, knowe.

combien, 16/13, how moche.

commandement, 9/26, commaundement.

commandes, 5/8, commaunde.

comme, 5/9, as.

commence, 1/1, begynneth.

comment, 1/7, how.

commin, 19/40, comyne.

compaignon, 4/35, felawe.

companye, 26/5, companye.

compenaiges, 1/13, whyte mete.

complye, 27/30, complyne.

comprinses, 3/35, comprised.

comptez, 17/17, telle.

conclure, 25/20, conclude.

conduyse, 5/24, conduyte.

confections, 20/4, confections.

confesseray, 16/30, shriue.

confesseur, 48/6, confessour.

confite, 13/19, confyte.

congie, 5/22, leue.

congres, 12/8, congres.

conins, 9/2, conyes.

connestable, 24/34, conestable.

conseil, 9/27, counseill.

contenant, 47/4, conteynyng.

content, 16/39, content.

contesse, 24/39, countesse.

contre, 31/31, ayenst.

contre, 49/13, contre.

conuient, 6/30, behoueth.

copee, 36/15, cutte.

copies, 36/39, copies.

corbelliers, 2/24, maundemakers.

corbilles, 38/21, mandes.

cordewan, 19/24, cordewan.

cordewaniers, 2/19, shoomakers.

cornes, 46/5, hornes.

cornets a encre, 21/35, enke hornes.

coroucies, 31/6, angre.

coroyes, 21/26, gyrdellis.

corps, 31/17, body.

cosynes, 6/4, nieces.

cosyns, 6/4, cosyns.

cottes, 8/32, cotes.

couchier, 50/2, to slepe.

couleur, 34/26, colour.

coulles, 13/30, cool.

coulons, 10/39, dowues.

coultiers, 2/30, brokers.

countes, 2/7, erles.

coupes, 8/17, couppes.

courans, 44/19, lekyng.

coure, 46/17, coryeth.

courechiefs, 42/14, keuerchifs.

couretage, 42/35, brocorage.

couretier, 42/34, brocour.

coureur, 46/14, coryer.

court, 40/2, court.

courtil, 45/13, herber.

courtoyses, 5/12, courtoys.

courtoysie, 18/16, courtosye.

cousin, 30/1, cosin.

coussins, 50/10, quysshons.

couste, 31/10, coste.

coustre, 45/20, sextayn.

coustriers, 34/9, sowers.

coustures, 42/20, semes.

cousturiers, 2/29, shepsters.

cousues, 36/2, sewed.

coutieaulx, 8/11, knyues.

couuercles, 7/35, couercles.

couuertoyrs, 6/40, couerlettes.

couuerture, 47/17, coueryng.

couureurs de tieulles & destrain, 2/26, tylers and thatchers.

couurir, 6/39, couere.

coyfes, 21/38, coyfes.

Cr

craisme, 12/38, kreme.

crappes, 46/39, grapes.

cras, 44/3, fatte.

crasseries, 1/25, coriars.

crea, 47/34, made.

creuiches, 12/15, creuyches.

creusse, 16/33, trusted.

crieres, 35/23, criar.

cristal, 46/3, cristall.

croire, 35/20, a c., to borowe.

croix, 15/40, crosse.

croys, 15/26, (I) bileue.

cubelles, 19/39, cubibes.

cuide, 11/10, wende (should be wene).

cuir, 7/27, lether.

cuit, 14/11, soden, boiled.

curats, 24/7, curattes.

cure, 11/17, ont c., recche.

cure, 45/23, cure.

curer, 41/38, cure.

cures, 51/39, hertes.

cuueliers, 2/31, coupers.

cuues, 44/17, keupis.

cuyrs, 1/21, hydes.

cy, 9/10, here.

Da

dades, 13/9, dates.

dame, 15/13, dame.

damoysellys, 4/19, damoyselles.

dampnes, 45/37, dampned.

dangereux, 32/12, dangerous.

debonnair, 9/39, buxom.

deboute, 16/26, ende.

debtes, 36/38, dettes.

debues, 17/16, owe.

debuoit, 44/32, ought.

declaire, 3/29, declared.

dedens, 7/3, therin.

dedicacion, 19/7, chirchehalyday.

dedicasse, 46/2, dedicacion.

deduit, 29/12, byledyng.

dees, 44/38, dyse.

deffendu, 44/8, forboden.

degretz, 14/32, steyres.

demain, 32/2, to morow.

demande, 15/36, axed.

demeure, 22/20, duelleth.

demye, 16/24, half.

dencoste, 37/32, beside.

deniers, 3/8, pens.

denrees, 18/1, peny worthes;

4/2, wares.

departes, 26/2, departe.

deportes, 9/25, forbere.

deriere, 42/33, after.

derrain, 18/19, last.

descouuert, 40/28, discouerid.

deseruyr, 5/15, deserue.

deshaities, 35/13, (them) that be not hole.

desirees, 45/35, desired.

desiunes, 26/1, vos d., breke your fast.

despites, 10/4, despyse.

dessoubs, 7/2, under.

dessus, 38/7, to-fore.

destaindera, 34/28, shall stayne.

destrier, 45/30, stede.

desvestues, 8/39, vnclothed.

detenray, 16/31, with-holde.

detier, 44/37, dysemaker.

deuant, 18/13, tofore.

deuantdittes, 7/39, forsaid.

deuenir, 4/5, to become.

deuiser, 14/27, deuise.

dextre, 49/8, right.

Di

dictes, 26/14, saye.

digerer, 11/7, dygeste.

diligement, 4/6, diligently.

diuerses, 25/16, diuerse.

doctrinaulx, 38/38, doctrinals.

doctrine, 1/2, lernynge.

doibt, 9/28, 37/21, ought;

31/34, oweth;

40/3, oughteth.

doinst, 4/32, gyue.

doleurs, 41/34, payne.

dommage, 34/25, harme.

donats, 38/40, donettis.

doner, 17/37, gyue.

donroye, 15/24, (I) wold yeue.

dont, 11/17, wherof.

doresenauant, 25/15, fro hens forth.

dormier, 27/20, slepyng.

doulce, 38/5, fressh.

dousaines, 46/4, doseyns.

doyens, 23/26, denes.

drappiers, 2/18, drapers.

draps, 14/34, clothes.

drechies, 31/23, dresse.

dresce, 26/38, dresse.

droit, 15/20, right.

ducesse, 24/39, duchesse.

ducs, 2/7, dukes.

duel, 29/10, sorow.

dyne, 29/3, dyne.

dyre, 4/26, saye.

Ea

eauwe, 38/5, water.

eglise, 22/15, chirche.

eguilles, 21/31, nedles.

electuaires, 20/8, electuaries.

emble, 8/22, stolen.

embrief, 15/8, in shorte.

empereur, 22/23, emperour.

empetrer, 45/22, to gete.

emplist, 20/26, fyllyd.

emploier, 20/20, bystowe.

employer, 50/20, fulcome.

emporter, 18/8, bere.

en, 3/13, therof;

20/34, therwyth.

encordont, 40/27, neuertheles.

encore, 13/29, yet.

encountres, 4/11, mete.

encre, 39/5, ynke.

endementiers, 14/26, whiles.

enfans, 5/32, children.

engaignies, 5/18, deceyued.

engloys, 3/16, englyssh.

enluminees, 39/1, enlumined.

enprintees, 38/36, enprinted.

ensamble, 29/20, to gedyr.

entendes, 9/11, understande.

entier, 15/7, hole.

entour, 45/16, aboute.

entre, 30/5, bitwene.

entremayns, 18/7, under hande.

entremelle, 20/40, entremete.

entrepers, 14/38, sad blew.

entreprendre, 3/38, entreprise.

enuers, 9/40, vnto.

envoyes, 9/36, sende.

enuys, 33/10, not gladly.

Es

esbourier, 33/15, to noppe.

esbourysse, 33/12, nopster.

escarlate, 15/1, scarlet.

eschappent, 43/33, escape.

escheuins, 43/29, skepyns.

esclefins, 12/3, haddoks.

esclire, 50/21, lyghtneth.

escochoys, 30/6, scottes.

escouffles, 11/26, kytes.

escoutes, 50/21, herke.

escoutetes, 43/28, scoutes.

escrijn, 8/20, cheste.

escrips, 25/13, wreton.

escript, 3/25, writing.

escriptoires, 21/33, penners.

escripuains, 2/20, skriueners.

escu, 39/24, shelde.

escures, 31/30, skowre.

escutz, 17/32, scutes.

escuyelles, 7/31, disshes.

escuyers, 2/8, squyers.

esparlens, 12/5, sprotte.

espaude, 31/20, sholdre.

especiers, 2/29, spycers.

espee, 33/27, swerd.

espengles, 21/31, pynnes.

esperite, 3/19, ghoost.

esperons, 25/40, spores.

espices, 14/13, spices.

espinces, 13/37, spynache.

espinier, 13/15, thorne.

espoye, 31/21, spete.

espreuiers, 11/25, sperhawkes.

esquiekeliet, 14/39, chekeryd.

estain, 21/22, tynne.

estaulx, 26/35, trestles.

estenelle, 8/9, tonge, pair of tongs.

estoet, 43/12, mestoet, standeth me (a mistranslation).

estoupper, 34/14, stoppe.

estrain, 7/3, strawe.

estraines (verb), 49/35, strawe.

estrangiers, 42/31, strangers.

estrelins, 17/35, sterlingis.

esturgeon, 12/7, sturgeon.

estuuer, 42/31, to be stewed.

estuues, 42/27, stewes.

eternalite, 45/39, eternalite.

euangelistes, 48/19, euangelistes.

euesques, 2/3, bisshops.

eulx, 23/21, them.

eur, 29/22, happe, fortune, luck.

euure, 30/16, werke.

excusera, 37/28, shall excuse.

Fa

faictes, 4/37, do.

failloit, 18/4, failled.

faing, fain, 13/27, 49/34, heye.

farine, 36/30, mele.

fauconner, 43/36, fauconer.

faucons, 11/25, faucons.

fault, 38/13, lacketh.

faulte, 37/24, faulte.

faulx monnoyers, 43/13, false money makers.

feest, 38/24, fayre.

femmes, 2/9, wymmen.

fenestres, 40/13, wyndowes.

feneulle, 13/36, fenell.

fer, 21/22, yron.

feroit, 5/10, doo.

ferres, 25/33, shoed.

feu, 30/22, fyer.

feues, 13/39, benes.

feultier, 40/37, feltmaker.

feultre, 40/39, felte.

feure, 39/10, smyth.

fien, 45/11, dong.

fieures, 42/2, fever.

figes, 13/8, fyggis.

figier, 13/12, fygtree.

fil, 32/28, yarne.

filee, 32/27, sponne (the verb).

fileresses, 2/15, spynsters.

fillaistre, 32/39, stepdoughter.

filles, 5/34, doughtres (see fylle).

filleule, 44/26, mistranslated doughter.

filz, 3/18, soone (see fyltz).

fin, 39/38, ende.

finent, 6/14, enden.

fist prendre, 36/12, toke.

flairans, 13/17, smellyng.

flans, 12/34, flawnes.

fleur, 20/2, flour.

fleurdelyts, 13/20, lelyes.

florins, 17/31, guldrens.

flua, 47/16, flued.

Fo

foire, 19/8, faire.

fois, 18/22, while.

folye, 45/38, folye.

fontaine, 14/22, welle watre.

forcettes, 47/23, sheris.

forches, 21/36, sheres.

forchier, 8/21;

forcier, 46/35, forcier, forcer.

forgierel, 36/7, forcyer.

formes, 51/34, fourmes.

fors, 9/20, othirwyse;

fors que, 49/30, but.

fouines, 11/18, fichews.

fouler, 32/10, fulle.

foulons, 2/14, fullers.

four, 31/18, ouen.

fourbier, 33/31, furbysshe.

fourbisseur, 33/26, fourbysshour.

fourdines, 13/5, sloes.

fourmage, 9/4, chese.

fourment, 22/8, white.

fourrures, 8/33, furres.

fouys, 45/14, doluen.

foy, 37/17, faith.

foye, 26/28, lyuer.

frain, 25/28, brydle.

franchin, 47/17, franchyn.

franchise, 32/17, franchise.

fransoys, 3/16, frenssh.

fremauls, 39/2, claspes.

fremme, 50/12, shette.

freres mineurs, 24/3, frere menours.

frescz, 12/8, fressh.

freses, 13/6, strawberies.

fresne, 13/14, asshe.

fromages, 12/26, chese.

frotte, 35/2, rubbe.

fustane, 36/11, fustain.

fylle, 46/30, mistranslated doughter (see filles).

fyltz, 5/34, sones (see filz).

G

gaignier, 15/13, wynne.

gaires, 27/35, moche.

galentine, 42/24, galentyne.

galigan, 19/38, galingale.

galles, 30/24, galles.

galoches, 35/39, galoches.

gansailliede, 42/26, ganselyn.

garce, 44/27, ghyrle.

gardiens, 23/27, wardeyns.

gardins, 13/25, gardyns.

garnars, 12/20, shrimpes.

garnee, 13/40, furmente.

gaucquier, 13/14, nokertree.

gaufres, 12/40, wafres.

gaune, 14/37, yelow.

gaunisse, 42/3, jaundyse.

gauns, 33/37, gloues.

gauntiers, 2/24, glouers.

gehy, 43/24, knowlechid.

gelines, 11/4, hennes.

gelouffre, 13/35, geloffres.

general, 19/10, general.

genise, 10/19, hawgher.

gens, 9/40, folke.

germains, 6/5, germayns.

gesir, 6/35, to lye.

gingembre, 19/38, gynger.

glorie, 52/5, glorie.

gloutee, 33/20, lichorous.

gluy, 40/31, reed.

gorge, 35/22, throte.

gorgiere, 33/36, gorgette.

goriaulx, 46/28, coliers.

goriel, 46/27, coler.

gorliers, 2/37, gorelmakers;

gorlier, 46/26, colermaker.

gouttans, 44/19, droppyng.

gouuions, 12/16, gogeorns.

grace, 17/3, 51/38, grace.

graffes, 21/34, poyntels.

graine, 13/19, grayne.

graine de paradis, 20/3, graynes of paradys.

graines, 2/1, graynes.

grange, 40/2, berne.

grauelle, 41/28, grauelle.

grauwet, 8/10, flessh hoke.

greigneur, 22/25, grettest.

greniers, 6/28, garettis.

gresille, 50/22, haylleth.

greueroit, 11/6, shold greue.

greyl, 8/9, gredyron.

griffons, 11/24, griffons.

gros, 17/21, grotes.

gros, 46/4, en g., in grete.

grouseillers, 13/23, brembles.

grouselles, 13/23, bremble beries.

gruwell, 14/2, growell.

grys, 23/36, gray.

guades, 20/38, wood.

guarance, 20/38, mader.

guarir, 41/21, hele.

guerres, 25/3, werres.

Guillemynes, 24/3, Wyllemyns.

gyste, 49/18, loggyng.

H

halle, 14/30, halle.

hanap, 26/37, 28/39, cuppe;

hanaps, 8/15, cuppes.

harpoit, 20/22, rosyn.

hastiuement, 32/8, hastyly.

haubergon, 33/35, habergeon.

hault, 37/12, hye;

plus haulx, 22/17, hyest.

hayes, 13/21, hedges.

herbegier, 49/26, be logged.

herbes, 13/17 herbes.

herencs, 12/8, hering.

herytables, 37/4, heritable.

heucque, 16/18, hewke. [Huque, f., a Huke or Dutch mantle, or Dutch woman’s mantle. —Cotgrave.]

heure, 35/32, hour.

hier, 32/4, yesterday.

honnourablement, 45/28, worshipfully.

hors, 5/2, out.

hostel, 5/31, herberow.

hosteliers, 2/30, hosteliers.

hostes, 42/39, ghestes.

huche, 8/20, whutche.

huchiers, 2/37, joyners.

hugiers, 46/34, joynar.

huues, 42/19, huues.

huuetier, 42/17, huue or calle maker.

huuettes, 21/37, huues.

huymais, 30/28, this day.

huys, 27/11, dore.

IJ

ia, 16/30, therof.

Jacopins, 24/4, blac freris.

iamais, 27/34, neuer.

ietter, 40/22, to cast.

ignourance, 37/27, ignorance.

innocens, 48/25, innocentes.

instrues, 9/33, enforme.

instrumens, 36/37, instrumentis.

inuocacion, 1/5, callyng.

Joefdy, 38/16, Thursday.

jofnes, 9/35, yong.

jougleurs, 2/35, pleyers.

jour, 27/3, day.

joustemens, 25/2, joustynges.

joyaulx, 8/21, jewellis.

joye, 39/38, ioye.

iuments, 11/15, mares.

iura, 32/20, swore.

iusques, 27/29, vntil.

iuste, 47/40, rightfull.

K

kalendiers, 39/4, kalenders.

keneule, 32/27, dystaf.

keut, 42/20, soweth.

keuure, 35/3, couer.

keuure, 7/6, keuuer, 7/35, coppre.

kieultes, 6/38, quiltes.

L

la, 25/30, there.

lachets, 21/40, laces.

laict, 12/25, mylke.

laigne, 8/7, woode.

laines, 1/20, wulle.

laires, 15/30, (ye) shall leue.

laisse, 5/15, late.

laissier, 16/3, to leue.

laittues, 13/34, letews.

lances, 45/31, speres.

languers, 42/8, seknesses.

lannieres, 21/40, poyntes.

largesse, 16/23, brede.

laronnes, 43/12, theues.

lasartz, 11/28, lizarts.

lasses, 22/12, wery.

lattes, 40/32, latthes.

laue, 26/36, wasshe.

lauendier, 31/26, lauendre.

lauoirs, 7/8, lauours.

legierment, 35/22, lyghtly.

les, 47/18, syde.

lesons, 7/5, lystes.

lettres, 30/7, lettres.

leuain, 14/20, leuayn.

leuer, 27/19, risyng.

librarier, 38/31, booke sellar.

libraries, 2/23, librariers.

lieu, 38/7, place.

lieue, 27/16, ariseth.

lieures, 9/2, hares.

lieutenant, 30/9, lieutenant.

lieuwes, 49/17, myle.

ligne, 31/28, lynnen.

lignes, 3/33, lynes.

limoges, 11/1, heth hennes.

lin, 38/11, flaxe.

linchieux, 8/23, shetes.

lingnuyse, 20/12, lynseed.

lire, 9/37, rede.

lits, 6/33, beddes.

liurer, 34/5, deliuere.

liures, 3/8, poundes.

liuret, 50/33, litell book.

livre, 3/21, book.

loe, 18/3, ie me l., I am well plesyd.

loiaulte, 36/19, trowthe.

loijer, 48/27, reward.

longement, 4/40, longe.

loques, 12/16, loches.

lormiers, 2/16, bridelmakers.

lots, lotz, 7/18, 20, stope, stopes.

louche, 8/4, ladle;

louches, 7/40, spones.

loups, 11/18, wulues.

loy, 37/17, law.

loyes, 39/2, bounden.

loysir, 46/7, leyzer.

lu[c]es, 12/13, luses.

lupars, 11/19, lupardis.

luysel, 46/36, cheste, box.

luytant, 33/5, wrastlying.

Ma

machon, 40/8, masone.

machonner, 40/9, masone.

madame, 46/20, my lady.

magre, 44/4, lene.

main, 49/6, hande.

maine, 25/36, lede.

mainouurier, 45/17, handwerker.

maintenant, 9/12, right forth,

maintenier, 6/29, mayntene.

maintes, 18/24, many.

maisement, 11/12, euyll.

maisnye, 5/35, meyne, household.

maistres, 23/28, maisters.

malade, 34/35, seke.

mal du chief, 41/33, heed ache.

malefaicteurs, 43/23, euyll doers.

mal es dens, 41/36, toth ache.

Maluesye, 14/10, Malueseye.

mamelles, 41/37, pappes.

maniere, 4/22, manere.

manteaulx, 8/30, mantellis.

maqueriaulx, 12/6, makerell.

marastre, 33/3, stepmodre.

marbre, 40/12, marble.

marchans, 21/17, marchans.

marchandyse, 1/18, marchandise.

marchiet, 14/31, market.

marcq, 51/23, marcke.

mareschal, 30/2, mareshall.

maries, 9/15, maried.

maronners, 11/39, maroners.

martirs, 48/21, martris.

mary, 5/33, husbonde.

masanges, 10/37, meesen.

matere, 9/13, matere.

matin, 27/19, morning.

mattines, 27/17, matynes.

mauldist, 32/37, cursyd.

maussons, 10/37, sparowes.

mauuais, 40/20, euyll.

mayll, 17/10, halfpeny.

mayns, 4/21, handis.

mayson, 1/8, house.

maysoncelle, 40/30, litell hous.

Me

medicine, 20/8, medicines.

meffais, 39/20, trespaces.

meillour, 26/13, beste.

meistrise, 43/27, maystrye.

membres, 27/4, membres.

menacha, 36/16, thretened.

menage, 31/11, houshold.

menger, 11/13, ete.

mengier, 31/27, diner.

menison, 41/39, blody flyxe.

menra, 45/11, shall lede.

mente, 13/19, mynte.

mer, 1/11, see.

merceries, 1/28, merceryes.

merchies, 34/32, thanke.

merchis, 18/11, tres grand m., right grete gramercy.

mercy, 48/1, mercy.

merites, 39/36, deseruynges.

merlens, 12/5, whityng.

mermeil, 14/14, rede (wyn).

merueille, 32/31, meruaylle.

meschyne, 28/5, maid.

mesle, 41/21, medleth.

mesmes, 30/35, our self.

mesmes, 40/7, hym selfe.

messagier, 45/1, messager.

messe, 48/29, masse.

messureur, 16/34, metar.

mestelon, 44/22, mestelyn.

mestier, 16/15, need.

mestiers, 2/10, craftes.

mestrijer, 43/25, mastrye.

mesure, 40/15, moten.

mesures, 7/24, mesures.

metauls, 1/27, metals.

mettes, 8/19, set.

meubles, 1/8, catayllys.

meurs, 9/34, maners.

meus, 48/37, meuyd.

Mi

mie, 15/17, 27/26, not.

miel, 14/15, hony.

mies, 14/15, mede.

mieuldre, 36/32, grynde.

mieulx, 10/17, better.

mire, 5/14, reward.

mise, 37/19, put.

misericors, 47/39, mercyfull.

mite, 51/31, myte.

mites, 32/15, mytes.

moins, 48/31, leste.

moisnes, 24/1, monkes.

monde, 22/26, world.

monnoye, 17/18, moneye.

monnoyers, 2/34, myntemakers.

montant, 51/21, mountyng.

monte, 17/11, cometh it to.

montes, 14/32, goo vpon.

moret, 14/38, morreey.

mormal, 41/40, mormale.

moroit, 11/32, shall deye.

morse, 11/30, byten.

mort, 48/13, deth.

morte, 39/15, deed.

mortier, 8/28, morter.

mostardier, 42/21, mustardmaker.

mot, 16/4, worde.

mottes, 13/25, mottes. [Motte, little hill, high place. —Cotgrave.]

mouches, 11/29, flies.

moulenier, 36/27, myllar.

moules, 12/20, muskles.

moult, 26/6, moche.

mourdriers, 43/12, murderers.

moures, 13/6, morberies.

mourier, 13/12, morbery tree.

moust, 35/18, muste.

moustard, 10/15, mustard.

mouue, 30/26, styre.

moynes, 2/5, monkes.

moys, 27/37, monethes.

moytie, 36/29, half.

mulets, 12/6, molettis.

muletz, 11/14, mules.

mur, 42/33, walle.

muskadel, 14/7, muscadel.

mydy, 27/26, mydday.

mye, 36/33, not.

mynuyt, 27/33, mydnyght.

myse, 3/9, gyuing oute, expenditure.

N

nappes, 8/24, bordclothes.

naueaulx, 13/36, rapes.

nauret, 48/12, wounded.

nauyer, 50/13, ship.

ne, 27/21, ne.

neantmoins, 32/36, neuertheless.

nef, 50/16, shippe.

nennil, 10/22, nay.

nepheux, 6/6, neueus.

nesples, 13/7, medliers.

nesplier, 13/13, medliertree.

net, 34/40, clene.

nettement, 49/27, clenly.

neuds, 32/30, cnoppes.

nieces, 6/6, nieces.

nobles, 17/33, nobles.

Noel, 28/13, Cristemasse.

noix, 13/6, notes.

nombre, 50/34, nombre.

nommer, 19/35, name.

none, 27/27, none.

nonnains, 24/9, nonnes.

noueaulx, 17/26, newe.

nouuelles, 29/31, tydynges.

nulle, 10/33, no;

29/17, (none) ony.

nuyts, 27/16, nyghtes.

ny, 3/28, not.

nye, 46/32, denyeth.

O

oefs, 12/31, egges.

Oesterlins, 43/1, Esterlyngis.

offert, 15/35, boden.

officiaulx, 2/4, officials.

oignons, 13/31, oynyons.

oistoirs, 11/26, haukes.

olifans, 11/19, olifaunts.

oliuier, 13/14, olyuetree.

on, 26/12, men.

onches, 21/10, vnces.

oncques, 32/21, neuer.

operacions, 52/3, werkes.

or, 6/16, now.

or, 21/24, gold.

orains, 46/20, whiler.

ordene, 1/3, ordre.

ordonner, 3/21, ordeyne.

oreilles, 41/35, eres.

oreilliers, 8/35, pelowes.

ores, 6/33, now.

orfeures, 2/14, goldsmythes.

orge, 22/9, barlye.

orphenins, 35/16, orphans.

orpiement, 20/19, orpement.

ort, 35/1, foull.

ortyes, 13/28, nettles.

ostes, 4/18, doo of.

ou, 15/7, or.

oublies, 13/2, forgeten.

ount, 43/24, (they) have,

ouppe, 13/20, hoppes, hops.

ourse, 11/21, bere.

ouurages, 7/16, werkes.

ouuries, 21/29, wrought.

oyer, 11/34, here.

oyles, 20/9, oyles.

oyseusete, 3/12, ydlenes.

oyseux, 44/6, ydle.

oysters, 12/20, oystres.

oystoires, 43/38, gerfaucons.

Pa

paiels, 7/7, pannes.

paiera, 15/14, shall paye.

pain, 9/4, brede.

pain, 43/35, payne.

paintres, 1/24, paynters.

painturers, 2/25, paintours.

pair, 16/12, pair.

paire de chausses, 16/19, pair hosen.

paix, 29/35, peas.

palefroy, 45/30, palfreye.

palmier, 13/15, palmetree.

paltocque, 33/40, jaquet.

paons, 11/2, pecoks.

paour, 35/5, fere.

pape, 22/19, pope.

papier, 47/22, papier.

par, 1/3, 16/22, by.

paradys, 39/37, paradyse.

parastre, 33/2, stepfadre.

parcemin, 19/27, perchemyn.

parceminier, 47/14, parchemyn-maker.

pardonne, 39/19, forgyue.

pardons, 28/33, pardon.

pardurable, 52/5, euerlastyng.

parens, 30/12, kynnesman.

parfacent, 48/5, ful doo.

parfaicte, 33/39, performed.

parlement, 25/31, parlamente.

parles, 27/36, speke.

parmi, 8/26, thorugh.

parois, 40/34, wallis.

parolles, 5/12, wordes.

pars, 38/40, partis.

partie, 4/9, partie.

Pasques, 28/13, Estre.

passe, 35/22, passeth.

pastees, 12/37, pasteyes.

pastesiers, 2/34, pybakers.

patards, 17/23, plackes.

paternosters, 46/3, bedes.

paternostrier, 46/1, paternoster-maker.

patriarces, 48/22, patriarkis.

patron, 23/38, patron.

payes, 48/36, paye.

pays, 17/40, contre.

Pe

peaulx, 1/21, skynnes.

pecheurs, 48/1, synnars.

pechies, 39/20, synnes.

pelerinages, 48/35, pylgremages.

pelice, 46/21, pylche.

pelletiere, 46/23, pilchemaker.

penance, 48/5, penaunce.

pend, 43/16, hange.

pendoyrs, 21/39, pendants.

peneuse, 28/28, paynful.

pennes, 39/6, pennes.

penses, 10/2, thynke.

Pentechoste, 28/14, Whitsontid.

perche, 8/29, perche.

perderes, 15/39, (ye) shold lese.

pere, 3/17, fadre.

peril, 48/13, peryll.

perir, 48/10, perysshe.

periroyent, 37/17, shold perisshe.

perques, 12/14, perches.

perseuerance, 52/2, perseueraunce.

persin, 13/32, persely.

pertris, 11/1, partrichs.

pesant, 31/37, weyeng.

pesques, 13/7, pesshes.

pesquier, 13/12, pesshe-tree.

pestiel, 8/28, pestyll.

peu, 36/34, lytyll.

peult, 6/19, may.

peuple, 34/4, peple.

piece, 47/8, pece.

piecha, 5/1, in longe tyme.

piel, 47/15, skyn.

pierre, 19/14, stone.

pies, 8/18, feet.

pieure, 44/27, shrewest.

pigna, 32/21, kembyth (pres. for past).

pigneresses, 2/15, kempsters.

pintes, 7/21, pintes.

pis, 38/1, werse.

pite, 33/11, pite.

piuions, 10/39, pygeons.

Pl

placqua, 40/35, daubed.

placqueur, 40/36, dawber.

plain, 31/7, plainly.

plaindes, 31/12, (ye) playne (you).

plainement, 17/6, playnly.

plaist, 5/6, plaise.

plates, 33/33, vnes p., a plate (armour).

platteaux, 7/30, platers.

playderay, 47/13, (I) shall plete.

playes, 41/22, woundes.

plays, 12/3, plays.

plein, 26/19, full.

plente, 8/23, plente.

plomb, 21/22, leed.

plouuier, 10/35, plouier.

ployes, 17/2, folde.

plummes, 6/34, fetheris.

plus, 4/25.

plusiers, 18/25, many.

pluyt, 50/22, rayneth.

poes, 4/23, may ye.

poillaillerie, 10/30, pultrie.

point, 39/24, paynteth.

point, 5/18, nothyng.

pointe, 33/29, poynte.

pointurer, 34/19, paynter.

poires, 13/4, peres.

poise, 19/12, waye.

poise, 46/8, ce p. moy, wo is me.

poissonners, 2/22, fysshmongers.

poit, 20/22, pycche.

poiure, 10/28, pepre.

pommes, 13/4, apples.

pommier, 13/11, apple tree.

ponce, 47/21, pomyce.

pont, 49/9, brigge.

porc, 10/12, porke.

porc de mer, 12/2, pourpays.

porciaux, 40/22, hogges.

poree, 8/14, wortes.

porions, 13/31, porreette.

porke, 26/30, swyne.

poroye, 11/7, mowe.

porrier, 13/11, pere tree.

porte, 27/10, gate.

porte, 32/3, born (in childbirth).

portera, 34/37, shall bere.

pot, 8/4, pot.

potages, 1/16, potages.

pouchins, 10/32, chekens.

poudres, 20/5, poudres.

poulaillier, 44/1, pulter.

poulle, 10/32, poullet.

poulletis, 10/31, poullettis.

poumon, 26/28, longhe.

pour, 1/3, for to.

pourcelaine, 13/34, porselane.

pourchacies, 38/37, pourchaced.

poures, 6/35, poure.

pourpointier, 33/38, doblet maker.

pourpoints, 8/32, doblettes.

pourries, 11/12, (ye) may.

pourroient, 29/19, (they) myght.

poutrains, 11/15, coltes.

poyle, 27/7, pylle.

poyntes, 6/38, paynted.

poys, 13/39, pesen.

poyssons, 1/11, fysshes.

Pr

prayel, 45/18, pryelle.

prebstres, 23/29, prestes.

prelats, 2/2, prelates.

premier, 4/16, first.

premierment, 1/5, fyrst.

prenderes, 16/8, (you) shall take.

prenge, 5/22, (I) take.

prescheurs, 24/6, prechers.

presente, 35/19, profred.

prest, 44/39, redy.

preste, 30/31, lente.

prets, 13/21, medowes.

preudhomme, 27/15, wyse man.

preuileges, 36/37, preuyleges.

preuostie, 30/11, prouostye.

preuosts, 23/26, prouostes.

prijez, 39/16, praye.

prime, 27/24, prime.

princes, 2/7, princes.

princesse, 24/39, princesse.

prions, 26/15, (we) pray.

pris, 26/20, pris.

prison, 36/13, prison.

prisonniers, 35/14, prisoners.

priues, 1/10, tame.

procession, 19/9, procession.

procureur, 47/9, proctour.

promise, 25/30, promysed.

prophetes, 48/21, prophetes.

prouffyt, 4/7, prouffyt.

prouffytable, 1/2, prouffytable.

prounes, 13/4, plommes.

prounier, 13/13, plomtree.

pryeurs, 23/27, pryours.

psalmes, 39/4, salmes.

psaultiers, 39/1, sawters.

puis . . . puis, 25/18, syth . . . sith.

puise, 4/26, may.

puissance, 22/33, myghty.

pute, 46/16, stynketh.

pys, 30/34, werse.

pys, 41/37, breste.

Q

quadrant, 51/31, ferdyng.

quancques, 50/31, what someuer.

Quaremien, 28/24, Shroftyde.

quart, 7/23, quarte.

quartaines, 42/2, quartayn.

quarters, 21/8, quarters.

quassies, 35/8, hurte.

que, 16/14, 15, as;

1/4, whiche.

querir, 35/21, to fecche.

querre, 26/23, fecche.

querson, 13/35, kersses.

querue, 46/29, plowh.

queuerchief, 8/36, keuerchief.

quidies, 16/14, (ye) wene (see cuide).

quierques, 21/13, lastes.

quoy, 19/22, wher(of).

R

racompter, 5/5, to telle.

ralongier, 47/31, to lengthe.

rammonier, 46/6, brusshemaker.

rammons, 46/7, brusshes.

raportes, 3/10, brynge.

rastons, 12/36, printed cakes;

13/1, eyrekakis.

[Raston, m., a fashion of round and high Tart, made of butter, egges, and cheese. —Cotgrave.]

rayes, 12/4, thornbaks.

raysons, 3/2, resons.

recepte, 3/9, recyte.

recepueur, 44/35, receyuour.

recomandes, 5/36, recommaunde.

rees, 47/18, shauen.

refouller, 34/16, full agayn.

refuse, 28/38, (I) reffuse.

regarde, 25/33, beholde.

regratter, 34/16, carde agayn.

relief, 9/7, leuynge.

remauldis, 32/38, cursyd agayn.

remaysonnes, 34/20, howsed agayn.

remede, 48/14, remedye.

remesurer, 17/8, mete agayn.

remettes, 4/21, sette (it) on agayn.

remues, 34/20, remeuyd.

rendre, 37/1, yelde.

renommees, 40/19, renomed.

renteez, 23/30, rented.

repentance, 48/3, repentaunce.

reposeray, 22/13, ie men r., I shall reste me.

reprouua, 33/4, repreuud.

requerre, 44/36, requyre.

resambloient, 9/38, (that they) resemble.

rescourer, 34/17, skowre agayn.

respaulme, 26/37, spoylle.

respondes, 5/23, ansuere.

respyt, 30/4, respyte.

retenir, 50/39, reteyne.

reubans, 36/10, rybans.

reuendra, 27/25, shall come agayn.

reynards, 11/18, foxes.

riche, 4/5, riche.

riens, 16/3, thyng.

robbeurs, 43/13, robbers.

robes, 16/12, gounes.

roches, 12/15, roches.

roels, 43/18, wheles.

roisin, 13/8, reysins.

Romenye, 14/10, Romeneye.

rompture, 41/28, brekynge.

roses, 13/18, roses.

rosty, 10/20, rosted.

rouchin, 45/29, coursour.

rouges, 12/5, rogettis.

roussignoulx, 10/36, nyghtyngalis.

rouwet, 32/29, whele.

roy, 22/28, kyng.

royames, 29/37, royames.

royaulx, 17/33, ryallis.

royet, 14/39, raye.

roynes, 2/6, quenes.

roysonnablement, 3/23, resonably.

rues, 4/10, streetes.

ryuiers, 1/12, riuers.

Sa

sac, 36/34, sack.

sachies, 5/16, knowe.

sacque, 31/20, drawe.

sacrament, 28/30, sacrament.

saffran, 19/39, saffran.

sage, 29/18, wyse.

sagettes, 36/25, arowes.

saing, 46/18, sayme.

sainte, 3/19, holy.

sainture, 21/27, corse.

salle, 10/14, salted.

sallieres, 7/32, sallyers.

saluant, 4/27, salewyng.

saluer, 1/7, grete.

salutations, 6/14, salutations.

salutz, 17/34, salews.

samblance, 47/35, lykenes.

sarges, 6/37, sarges.

saulge, 13/33, sauge.

saulmon, 12/17, samon.

saulses, 8/26, sauses.

saulx, 13/15, wylough.

sauns, 14/25, withoute.

sauoyr, 6/17, cest a s., that is to saye.

sausserons, 7/31, saussers.

sauuages, 1/10, wylde.

sauue, 17/3, sauf.

sauuete, 50/18, sauete.

saye, 14/40, saye.

scaues, 4/8, knowe.

scauroye, 11/37, je ne s., I ne wote not.

seal, 45/4, seal.

seigneur, 5/37, lorde.

sel, 20/21, salte.

selle, 25/28, sadel.

sellees, 45/4, sealed.

semaile, 20/10, feldeseed.

semble, 16/40, semeth.

senestre, 49/12, lyfte.

sengler, 10/26, wylde boor.

sens, 15/17, wysedom.

sensieuent, 21/21, folowe.

sepmaine, 28/28, weke.

serf, 10/27, harte.

sergeans, 43/32, sergeants.

serouge, 29/13, cosen alyed.

serpens, 11/28, serpentes.

serruriers, 2/36, lokyers.

sert, 48/16, serueth.

seruans, 10/1, seruaunts.

seruice, 37/7, seruise.

seruoise, 14/16, ale.

sestier, 7/19, sextier.

seuffre, 50/30, suffreth.

seure, 8/3, sure.

Si

si que, 33/11, so that.

siet, 41/1, sitteth.

sieu, 20/30, siewet;

47/7, talow.

signes, 39/6, swannes (see cignes).

singes, 11/20, apes.

sire, 4/24, syre.

soer, 35/3, suster.

soif, 45/19, hegge.

soille, 22/9, rye.

solas, 29/7, solace.

solliers, 6/28, loftes.

soloit, 34/21, was woned.

solz, 44/9, shelyngs.

somme, 3/10, somme.

sommonce, 47/10, sommonce.

sommondre, 47/11, somone.

sorees, 12/9, reed.

sorles, 20/34, shoes.

souef, 13/17, suete.

souffisante, 42/29, suffysaunte.

souffist, 17/7, suffyseth.

souhaidera, 46/39, shall weeshe.

soulz, 3/8, shelynges.

sounee, 30/15, sowned.

soupperay, 29/4, (I) shall souppe.

sourcorps, 8/30, frockes.

sourcote, 16/16, surcote.

sourplis, 42/12, surplys.

souuenir, 50/24, bythynke.

souuent, 13/24, ofte.

soye, 21/27, silke.

stamine, 8/26, strayner.

strelins, 51/22, sterlings.

substaunce, 30/25, substance.

suera, 35/3, shall suete.

suffiroit

, 30/40, shold suffyse.

sugles, 12/4, sooles.

surgien, 41/20, surgyan.

suz, 6/35, on.

sy, 14/30, so.

sydre, 14/18, syther.

synon, 6/20, withoute.

sys, 45/34, seten.

Ta

table, 1/1, table.

tailleur, 34/1, taillour.

taillier, 8/11, to cutte.

tainctures, 1/26, colours.

taindre, 34/24, dye.

talent, 32/36, luste.

tammis, 38/22, temmesis.

tanne, 46/13, taweth.

tant, 15/18, so moche.

tantost, 34/28, anon.

tapites, 6/37, tapytes.

tasses, 21/32, tasses.

tauerne, 26/21, tauerne.

tauernier, 35/17, tauerner.

taye, 6/2, beldame.

tayon, 6/2, belfadre.

tel, 15/22, somme.

tele, 10/6, suche.

teliers, 2/22, lynweuers.

temporalite, 45/40, temporalte.

temps, 27/9, tyme.

tenchant, 32/33, chydyng.

teneurs, 2/35, tawyers.

tenez, 17/17, holde.

tenques, 12/14, tenches.

tenres, 11/11, tendre.

tercheul, 14/21, wurte.

termes, 2/12, termes.

terre, 40/35, erthe.

testamens, 36/39, testamentis.

teste, 26/31, hede.

tesyque, 41/40, tesyke.

theologie, 25/5, diuinite.

tieng, 16/38, holde.

tiercaines, 42/2, tercian.

tierce, 27/25, tyerse.

tieulles, 2/26, tiles.

tigneuse, 36/5, scallyd.

tisserans, 2/14, weuers.

To

toilles, 14/24, lynnenclothis.

tollenier, 44/29, tollar.

tondeurs, 2/15, sheremen.

tonlieu, 44/33, tolle.

tonne, 50/21, thondreth.

tonniaulx, 21/11, barellis.

tors, 11/14, bulles.

toudis, 29/11, alleway.

tourbes, 8/7, turues.

touriers, 2/31, kepars of prisons.

tournoys, 25/1, tournemens.

tourterolles, 10/40, turtellis.

tousiours, 9/23, alleway.

tout, 1/3, all.

touwailles, 8/24, towellis.

traisme, 38/13, woef.

trait, 26/26, draught.

transitorie, 52/4, transitorie.

trauwet, 34/15, hooled.

trayent, 36/26, (they) shote.

traynnon (= traîne on), 43/17, be drawen.

trenchores, 7/32, trenchours.

trepiet, 8/5, treuet.

tresoier, 9/3, cupbort.

tresour, 22/30, tresour.

trespassee, 39/15, passed.

tresquand, 33/14, syth whan.

treuue on, 7/28, men fynd.

triacle, 11/31, triacle.

triaclier, 31/38, triacle boxe.

trieues, 29/38, triews.

Trinite, 1/5, Trinite.

trippes, 26/27, trippes.

trop, 5/5, ouermoche.

trouuer, 1/3, to fynde.

tues, 35/7, slayn.

tymon, 13/33, tyme.

tystre, 31/40, weue.

Va

va, 10/8, goo.

vaches, 12/29, kien.

vaire, 46/21, graye.

vairriers, 2/36, makers of greywerke.

valent, 17/25, be worth.

valeur, 4/17, valure.

valleton, 33/5, boye.

vans, 38/20, vannes.

vanter, 30/14, auaunte.

vassiaulx, 21/12, vessellis.

vault, 15/7, is worth.

veers, 11/29, wormes.

veiller, 27/21, wakyng.

vendues, 4/5, solde.

vengance, 37/26, vengeaunce.

venimeuses, 11/27, venemous.

vent, 40/28, wynde.

venyson, 10/25, venyson.

veoir, 32/31, see.

verde, 10/13, grene.

verdures, 13/22, verdures.

verge, 9/32, rodde.

verius, 42/23, veriuse.

vermeil, 14/37; vermeilles, 13/18; reed, red.

vernis, 20/19, vernysshe.

verses, 27/5, gyue (us wyne).

vesches, 22/10, vessches.

vespres, 27/29, euensonge.

vestures, 8/29, clothes.

vesues, 48/24, wedowes.

veult, 6/29, wyll.

vey, 5/1, (I) haue seen.

veytier, 45/9, carier.

Vi

viande, 9/5, mete.

vie, 31/17, lyf.

viegne, 27/27, come (passage mistranslated).

viel, 10/19, calfe.

vierge, 48/17, mayde.

vieswarier, 34/13, vpholster.

vieulx, 17/24, olde.

vigneron, 46/37, wyneman.

vignes, 46/38, vyneyerd.

ville, 3/1, toune.

villonnie, 29/1, vylonye.

vin, 6/29, wyne.

vinaigre, 42/22, vynegre.

virgoingne, 9/21, shame.

viscounte, 24/30, vycounte.

visette, 35/13, visiteth.

vist, 22/30, lyueth.

viure, 29/11, lyue.

vng, 16/4, one.

vngles, 42/1, nayles.

vnguements, 41/24, oynementis.

voir, 15/12, ye truly;

voire, 27/30.

voire, 46/4, glas;

voires, 9/9, glases.

voirier, 34/30, glasyer.

voisins, 9/19, neyghbours.

volente, 10/5, wyll.

volentiers, 5/10, gladly.

vouldra, 1/4, on v., men wylle.

voy, 37/35, I sawe.

voyage, 48/38, viage.

voye, 50/19, waye.

voyette, 49/11, lytill waye.

vraye, 48/4, verry.

vrayement, 4/7, truly.

vrine, 34/37, vrine.

vsages, 4/28, vsages.

vsuriers, 2/25, vsuriers.

vylain, 30/8, chorle.

W

wasteletz, 13/1, wastles.

wydecos, 10/36, wodecoks.

Y

ydropison, 41/39, dropesye.

yeux, 41/34, eyen.

ypocras, 14/12, ypocras.

yrons, 39/21, (we) shall goo.

ysnel, 4/15, swyft.

ysope, 13/33, ysope.

ysseray, 49/5, shall (I) goo out.