автордың кітабын онлайн тегін оқу Business Idioms Dictionary: словарь бизнес-идиом
Информация о книге
УДК 81’374(038)=111
ББК 81.2Англ-4
Н34
Автор:
Науменко Л. К., доцент кафедры иностранных языков по экономическим направлениям Восточный институт — Школа региональных и международных исследований Дальневосточного Федерального Университета, почетный работник высшего профессионального образования, лауреат премии им. В. П. Вологдина.
Если Ваша компания или Вы лично ведете переговоры с иностранными партнерами, то Вы неизбежно столкнетесь с идиомами — устойчивыми оборотами, которые стали неотъемлемой частью современной бизнес-культуры.
Словарь содержит основные бизнес-идиомы и будет полезен при базовом обучении деловому английскому, а также при желании расширить свой словарный запас или уточнить значение ранее изученных выражений.
Уникальность издания в том, что оно позволяет изучить как английские, так и русские идиомы.
Для максимального удобства идиомы расположены в алфавитном порядке, содержат русское толкование и примеры их употребления.
УДК 81’374(038)=111
ББК 81.2Англ-4
© Науменко Л. К., 2017
© ООО «Проспект», 2017
A
A-1 — excellent — отличный, идеальный.
I bought a used computer. It’s in A-1 condition.
Above all (else) — most importantly (of all) — прежде всего, главным образом, в основном, больше всего.
We have several matters to consider. Above all, however, is the question of financing our new project.
Above board — in the open; without dishonesty, concealment, or fraud — честный (игроки показывали свою честность, держа руки поверх крышки стола).
It is necessary to be above board when dealing with people otherwise they won’t trust you.
Above the call of duty — much more than should be expected — возможное и невозможное; не по обязанности, а от души.
The teacher received a medal for his work which went above and beyond the call of duty.
According to — following, corresponding to, in relation to, as said by, depending on — согласно, в соответствии с, по утверждению, по словам, по мнению.
The foreman was disciplined according to the rules laid down for the offence.
Account for — to explain, to give a full or satisfactory answer for — отчитываться в чем-либо, отвечать за что-либо, объяснять что-либо.
Price rises can be accounted for by increased demand or decreased availability of supply.
Acid test — the most effective and essential test of a quality — серьезное испытание.
Road trials of the new car will provide the acid test of its safety and reliability.
Across the board — including all parts of something — одинаковый для всех или всего.
The taxes increased across the board and everyone must pay more.
Adopt a low profile — avoid public attention — занять сдержанную позицию по какому-либо вопросу.
He’s been in a little trouble recently so he’s trying to keep a low profile.
Agree on/to/with — to reach or make agreement about, to accept, to have the same opinion as, to come to the same conclusion — соглашаться с кем-либо (with), c чем-либо (to), на что-либо; уславливаться (on).
I am afraid we cannot agree to your offer.
The negotiators quickly agreed on two matters.
Ahead of the curve — better than average — опережая события.
For careerists, they want to stay ahead of the curve.
Ahead of the pack — more successful than those you are competing against — (быть) впереди всех.
Of all the software I’ve tested, this product is ahead of the pack.
Ahead of time/schedule — earlier than arranged, expected or planned — досрочно, с опережением графика.
The Minister’s arrival ahead of schedule caused a minor panic.
Aim at — to plan to, to try to, to reach or hit an objective, goal or target — стремиться, нацеливаться, прицеливаться.
This experiment aims at showing how to measure the volume of water.
(The) aim of exercise — the purpose or objective of this activity which may not immediately be clear or apparent — цель деятельности.
The aim of the exercise is to give a general explanation of how the product operates.
All along — all the time — все время, с самого начала.
I knew all along that my friend would not get the promotion.
All at sea — confused — быть в полной растерянности; не знать, что делать; недоумевать.
I’m all/completely at sea with the news.
All ears — eagertolisten — превратиться в слух (внимательно слушать).
The lecture was very interesting, and the students were all ears.
All hands on deck — something that you say when everyone’s help is needed, especially to do a lot of work in a short amount of time — аврал, мобилизовать все силы.
We’ve got to get all this cleared up before they arrive so it’s all hands on deck.
All important — most important, urgent or necessary — крайне важный, первостепенной важности.
Speed, surprise and superiority are all important as factors for success in commercial operations.
All in all — taking everything into account and weighing it up, summarizing by comparing the positive and negative factors — в общем, все.
Although the company has had its problems over the last twelve months, all in all it has been a successful year.
All or nothing — to be or to be aiming at one hundred per cent of something — все или ничего.
This company has an all or nothing policy with its smaller suppliers.
Allow for — to take into consideration or account — принимать во внимание, учитывать, допускать.
Company cash flow projections are inaccurate; they don’t allow for bad debts or salary increases.
All the rage — very popular/fashionable — быть в моде в данный период времени.
You know, violence as a political tool is all the rage right now.
All systems go — to be in a condition or attitude of total readiness to go ahead — все работает нормально, все в полной готовности.
How do you feel about the new project? — I am on all systems go.
Along these lines — in this way or according to or by following this method — вроде, типа.
Your new employment contract will be along the lines of your last one, except for a salary increase.
Amount to — to total, to mean, to result in — составлять сумму, равняться, быть равным, равнозначащим.
Although at first the proposals seemed attractive, in fact they amounted to very little.
And so on — and other similar details; etc. — и так далее.
I don’t know him very well, although we’ve shared the same office and so on for two years.
Ants in one’s pants — nervousness, anxiety — нервозность, беспокойство.
Would you please stop tapping your foot?! You must have ants in your pants!
Apple of one’seye — something special — что-либо или кто-либо очень дорогой или важный для говорящего.
The man’s youngest daughter is the apple of his eye.
Argue against — to oppose with logic — полемизировать.
The Research and Development Manager argued strongly against reducing his department’s annual budget.
Arise from — to originate from, to be due, to be caused by — происходить, проистекать.
Misunderstandings often arise from language problems.
An arm and a leg — a large amount of money — 1. большая сумма денег; 2. очень дорогостоящий.
My new Mercedes cost me an arm and a leg.
Arrange for — to fix or make practical plans for something to happen or to be done — подготавливать, организовывать.
Let’s arrange for a meeting now. How about Friday, nine o’clock, your office?
ASAP — is an acronym for «as soon as possible» — как можно быстрее.
I need to finish these reports. My boss needs them ASAP.
As far as it goes — within certain limited incomplete or imperfect bounds — что касается (чего-либо), что до (чего-либо).
Your argument seems logical, as far as it goes, but to be honest it doesn’t tackle the real issues here.
As long as — if the situation exists that, provided that, but only if — пока, до тех пор.
We aren’t going to make a profit as long as we continue employing too many people.
As a rule — usually (but not always) — как правило, обычно.
As a rule we deliver within 7 days of receipt of order.
As straight as a die — completely honest/fair — прямой, такой не подведет, честный.
She’s as straight as a die, I can trust her to tell me what she’s really thinking.
As such — in or by its nature, considered alone, in itself — как таковой, по существу.
The company as such is in a strong financial position.
As to — about, regarding — в отношении.
We have to weigh up the pros and cons — as to the risks and opportunities.
As usual — as always, in the normal or accustomed way — как всегда, как обычно.
An annual bonus will be paid as usual to employees who have performed well this year.
As we have seen — as has already been shown, proved or demonstrated — как мы видели, как мы поняли.
As we have seen from the trading figures, sales in all sectors are up, although profits remain marginal.
As well (as) — too, also, in addition to — так же как, а также, заодно и.
As well as being the best on the market, our products are also reasonably priced.
As a whole — taken or considered all together; in aggregate — в целом, в общем, в общей массе.
The group as a whole approved the parent company’s proposal.
As yet — up to now, up to the time of speaking, so far — все еще, пока, до сих пор, на данный момент, к настоящему моменту.
As yet, we haven’t had time to consider your proposals.
At a loss for words — unable to think of anything to say — быть не в состоянии говорить; не знать, что сказать.
I was at a loss for words when I met my friend after many years.
At all — to any or to some, extent or degree; in any way — совсем, полностью.
If we can be of any help to you at all, please don’t hesitate to contact us.
At cross purposes — having a difference of opinions, wishes or objectives, leading to confusion — делать наперекор; говорить на разных языках.
This is a complex matter, so let’s set up our objectives before we start, to make sure we don’t end up at cross purposes.
At the end of one’s rope — desperate, with nowhere to turn — не иметь выбора, альтернативы; застрять в плохой ситуации.
I’m at the end of my rope — I lost my job, my car died, and I don’t have any money in the bank.
At fault — responsible, to blame — быть ответственным за что-либо, быть виновным в чем-либо.
I wondered who was at fault for the loss of valuable documents.
At first — originally, in the first instance, at/in the beginning, to start with — вначале, сначала, на первых порах.
It made sense at first to include overseas trade in our budget figures.
At first sight (glance) — apparently at first, when seen for the first time — на первый взгляд, с первого взгляда.
At first sight the contract seemed normal.
At full stretch — using all one’s energy to do something — полностью, полным ходом.
The emergency services are working at full stretch today to cope with the accident.
At least — to this minimum extent or amount or degree — по крайней мере, во всяком случае.
It’s only a small order, but at least it’s better than nothing.
At logger heads (with somebody) — in strong disagreement — быть в ссоре, несогласии с кем-либо; противостоять кому-либо.
We are at logger heads with the company over their plans to build a new factory.
At a loss — below cost — в убыток.
We were forced to sell the computers at a big loss.
At (the) most — up to a given maximum — самое большее, не больше чем.
Bankruptcy is certain, at most we can just delay it, but we can’t prevent it.
At odds — in disagreement — быть в ссоре с кем-либо, иметь разногласия с кем-либо.
The man has been at odds with his boss over his new sales territory.
At once — immediately, very soon, right away — сразу, в то же время, вместе с тем.
Can you send this fax at once please, it’s very urgent.
At one’s beck and call — always ready to do as ordered — всегда быть готовым послужить кому-либо или сделать что-либо для кого-либо.
Don t expect to have me at your beck and call.
At one’s wit’s end — frantic, anxious, not knowing what to do next — быть в растерянности; не знать, что делать.
I’m at my wit’s end with this problem. I cannot figure it out.
At the outset — at, from or shortly after some starting point — вначале.
The product was more successful than we had expected at the outset.
At the outside — as the highest estimate, at the most — самое большее, в крайнем случае.
How much does it cost? — At the outside I would guess around 50 dollars.
At a premium — at a high price — по высокой цене.
They started selling this software at a premium.
At random — without specific aim, unsystematic — наугад, наобум, наудачу.
The market researchers interviewed people at random in the street.
At stake — ready to be won or lost; at risk; hanging in the balance — поставленный на карту; в опасности.
That’s a very risky investment. How much money is at stake?
At will — as or when one pleases, without restriction or limit — по желанию, как угодно.
With a Gold Card you can travel almost at will.
Average out at — to calculate or be calculated as an average — вычислять среднюю величину.
Production time per unit averages out at two hours.
B
Back against the wall — in a very difficult position, with few or no choices — припереть к стене, прижать к стенке.
The minister had survived many political changes, many threats to his position. In fact, when he had his back against the wall, he was at his most charming and dangerous.
Back and forth (backwards and forwards) — movement from one position to another, before returning to the first position again, usually again and again, regularly — взад и вперед.
Letters had been passing back and forth between the two companies for weeks before a meeting could be set up.
Back down — to show a marked change of attitude or position, from being in confrontation to being passive, neutral or accepting, to withdraw — отступать, уступать, отказываться.
After days of hard negotiating, both sides backed down sufficiently in their demands to make agreement possible.
Back on one’s feet — financially independent or physically healthy — снова встать на ноги (вернуть себе прежнее положение).
She has undergone a serious operation and now she is back on her feet.
Back out (of) — to fail to carry out (or to withdraw from) some promise, arrangement, agreement or obligation — уклоняться, отступать от чего-либо.
You can rely on her for sure. Once she agrees to do something, she never backs out of it.
Back to the drawing board — ready to start over, refine or rethink an idea — вернуться и начать что-либо (проект, мысль и т. п.) с начала.
The boss does not like our idea so we must go back to the drawing board.
Back to the salt mines — time to return to work, school, or something else that might be unpleasant — вновь за работу, за учебу, за занятия и т. п. (вернуться к выполнению чего-либо неприятного).
The work was tedious; they finished their coffee and went back to the salt mines.
Back to square one — returned to the beginning — все сначала, все заново.
Negotiations have broken down, and it’s back to square one.
Back to the drawing board — return to an earlier stage in an enterprise because a planned undertaking has failed — все начинается сначала.
After our first attempt failed we went back to the drawing board.
Backroom deal — an agreement or decision that is made without the public knowing about it — закулисная сделка.
We will never reach an agreement if our companions don’t put an end to backroom deals.
Bail a company out — rescue a company from trouble or difficulty — давать поручительство или вносить залог за компанию.
The local government decided to bail out the shoe factory in order to avoid unemployment in the town.
Bait and switch — deceptive commercial practice of advertising a low-priced item to attract customers, then telling them that the product is out of stock and persuading them to buy a more expensive article — заманить и подменить* (привлечение клиентов низкой ценой с последующим объявлением о том, что данный товар закончился или на самом деле имеет недостаточное качество; целью является привлечение клиентов в торговую точку в расчете на то, что пришедший клиент все равно совершит какую-либо покупку; во многих странах считается незаконным).
This store is famous for its bait and switch tactics.
(The) Ball is in (your) court — It’s up to (you) to take action, the next step is for (you) to take, (we) await your next move — теперь твоя очередь действовать; теперь все зависит от тебя.
We’ve made them a good offer — now the ball’s in their court.
Ballpark number — a very inexact estimate — неточный, приблизительный показатель.
A firm price hasn’t been set yet, but the ballpark figure under discussion is $3 million.
Bang for the buck — value for the money spent; excitement for the money spent — получить сполна за свои деньги.
They were not able to get much bang for the buck when they advertised on the Internet.
Banker’s hours — short work hours: 10:00 A. M. to 3:00 P. M. — короткие часы работы (часы работы банка).
There aren’t manybankers who keep banker’s hours these days.
(The) Bare bones (bare outline) — a short description, a few words giving only the most important facts — костяк, основное, самое главное.
At this stage, I’m going to describe the process in bare outline only. My colleague will explain it in detail later.
He will need time... to present the bare bones of the argument.
Bark up the wrong tree — make a wrong choice or false assumption — ошибаться, идти по ложному следу; обвинять не того, кого следует.
George is barking up the wrong tree when he blames his troubles on his parents.
Base on — to use as a basis, ground, or system of reasoning — основываться на.
The scientist’s calculations were based on the results of his experiments.
Bat an eyelash (neg.) — show emotion — реагировать; делать большие глаза.
Bill told his story without batting an eyelash, although not a word of it was true.
Bat a thousand — have a perfect record whether good or bad — быть очень успешным.
Jeremy has been batting a thousand in his attempts to earn much money.
Be against (to be for, to be in favor of) — to oppose, to be opposed or contrary to — возражать (быть за).
This company is against joint venture schemes because experience shows that these so often go wrong.
Bean counter — a person, such as an accountant or financial officer, who is concerned with quantification — бухгалтер, счетовод; человек, ведущий расчеты.
Today two bean counters are here to help us with our taxes.
Be beside oneself — be very upset, nervous — в крайнем состоянии, в состоянии чего-либо (гнева, страха, расстройства и т. п.).
Sarah could not speak. She was beside herself with angerwhen she got a pink slip.
Be beside the point — to have no connection with what is being discussed, to be irrelevant — быть неважным, несвязанным.
The only important question is whether we go ahead with the project or not, anything else is beside the point.
Be exact — to be more precise, to define exactly or accurately — быть точным.
The calculations were exact to the nearest millimeter.
Be head and shoulders above the rest —
be more important/greater/better than others — быть на голову выше остальных (быть гораздо лучше кого-либо или чего-либо).
I believe that our team is head and shoulders above the other teams.
Be in the dark — to not know, to be without information — быть в неведении, в неизвестности.
It’s no use asking me about the company’s takeover plans — I’m as much in the dark as you are.
Be in the picture — to know, to have information — быть в курсе дела.
Let’s go over those points again, to make sure you’re completely in the picture, before we go any further.
Be in line with — to be in conformity or agreement with — точно следовать (идеям, принципам).
Your ideas are very interesting especially as they’re very much in line with our own.
Be in/out of touch with — to be in contract by the spoken or written word, to get in touch — to make contract, to keep or stay in touch — to continue contract, to lose touch — to lose contract, out of touch — not in contract — находиться в контакте с/не находиться в контакте с; быть в курсе чего-либо/не быть в курсе чего-либо.
Although they don’t see each other very often, they are in constant touch by letter or phone.
Be in the same boat — be in the same unpleasant situation as other people — в одном положении, в одной ситуации; испытывать те же трудности, неприятности.
She’s always complaining that she doesn’t have enoughmoney, but we’re all in the same boat.
Be (go) out of action — to not work or operate, to fail to function or to stop working/operating/functioning — не работать, быть выведенным из строя.
The computer is out of action at the moment, due to an electrical fault.
Be rolling in it — be rich — купаться в деньгах.
If they can afford a yacht, they must be rolling in it.
Be (fall) short of — to be less than needed, wanted or expected, to lack something, to not be enough — испытывать недостаток в чем-либо, нуждаться в чем-либо; не хватать.
The test results are interesting as far as they go, but they fall far short of proving the safety of this product.
Be snowed under — have a plenty of work to do — быть заваленным работой, загруженным, обремененным.
Can you call me later? I’m snowed under with my manager’s orders.
Be (run, come) up against — to be, or arrive, at a position where positive progress or forward movement is, or may be, blocked — стоять перед задачей, проблемой, встретить трудности.
Profits have fallen because the company is up against stronger competition than expected.
Bear fruit — to produce the result — приносить плоды (давать результаты).
After 10 years’ hard work, his research finally bear fruit.
Be at around the bush — avoid giving a clear answer — ходить вокруг да около (говорить уклончиво и не по существу).
Stop beating around the bush and give us your final decision.
Beat someone to the punch — do something before someone else can — обскакать кого-то (сделать работу прежде других).
I was thinking of applying for that job but Carol beat me to the punch.
Beat the rap — escape punishment — избежать наказания.
Having hired a sophisticated lawyer, Jeremy was able to beat the rap.
Begin with — at first, first of all, at the beginning — начинать с, во-первых.
To begin with, the business grew slowly, but after several years it expanded rapidly.
Behind closed doors — in private/secretly — за закрытыми дверьми (тайно, втайне).
The meeting to settle the dispute took place behind closed doors.
Behind the 8 ball — introuble — черный шар под номером 8 в бильярде (оказаться в невыгодном положении).
I’m behind the eight ball againand can’t see how to relieve my dilemma.
Behind someone’s back — without someone’s knowledge; secret from someone — за чьей-либо спиной (тайком, за глаза).
She sold the car behind his back, while he was away on vacation.
Behind the scenes — out of public view; privately — за кулисами (скрытно, тайно).
Diplomats have been working hard behind the scenes in preparation fo
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