автордың кітабын онлайн тегін оқу  Разговорный английский через истории для продвинутых. Пересказ как инструмент обучения

Джуди Грэммер

Оглавление

Введение

Изучение языка — это не только запоминание словарного запаса или овладение грамматическими правилами; это процесс понимания, интерпретации и воспроизведения смысла таким образом, чтобы он отражал собственные мысли и переживания. За годы изучения и преподавания английского языка я наблюдала, что умение пересказывать истории — будь то личные, вымышленные или наблюдаемые события — играет ключевую роль в развитии как языковой компетенции, так и когнитивной гибкости. Пересказ требует от учащегося активной обработки информации, логичной организации мыслей и их связного выражения, что, в свою очередь, укрепляет понимание текста, память и беглость речи.

В этой книге представлены повествовательные тексты, отражающие моменты решений, испытаний, размышлений и личностного роста. Каждый рассказ создан таким образом, чтобы быть одновременно узнаваемым и когнитивно стимулирующим, побуждая читателя критически осмысливать события, эмоции и последствия, выражая их на английском языке. В текстах использованы языковые структуры и лексика, соответствующие уровню B1, что позволяет встречать грамматику в контексте, экспериментировать с временами и модальными глаголами, а также естественно усваивать устойчивые выражения.

Особое внимание уделено темам, связанным с переломными моментами и опытом, требующим размышлений, ответственности и этического или эмоционального выбора. Взаимодействие с такими текстами помогает развивать не только языковые навыки, но и способность к повествовательному мышлению и самовыражению. Таким образом, пересказ становится упражнением не только в языковом производстве, но и в осмыслении опыта, укрепляя связь между когнитивными и коммуникативными аспектами изучения языка.

A Job Interview

Text

I had been looking for a new job for almost three months when I finally received an email inviting me to an interview. Honestly, I had already started to lose hope. I had sent dozens of CVs, but most companies hadn’t replied. So when I saw the message, I read it three times just to make sure it was real.

The interview was scheduled for Friday at 10 a.m. That gave me four days to prepare. The thing is, I had some experience, but I had never worked for an international company before. This job seemed different. The company worked with foreign clients, and if I got the position, I would have to speak English every day.

While I was preparing, I was also fighting with my doubts. What if my English wasn’t good enough? What if they asked me something I couldn’t answer? I knew I should focus on my strengths, but negative thoughts kept coming back.

I decided to prepare seriously. I read everything about the company on their website. I even watched interviews with their director online. I wrote down possible questions and practiced my answers in front of the mirror. At first, I felt a bit silly, but after a while, I noticed that I was becoming more confident.

The night before the interview, I could hardly sleep. I kept imagining different scenarios. In one of them, I was speaking confidently and answering all the questions perfectly. In another, I was sitting in silence, unable to say a word. Unfortunately, my brain preferred the second scenario.

On Friday morning, I arrived at the office building twenty minutes early. It was a modern glass building in the center of the city. While I was waiting in the reception area, I noticed another candidate. He looked calm and professional. He was checking something on his tablet and smiling. I immediately started comparing myself to him.

“Maybe he has more experience,” I thought. “Maybe he speaks better English.”

When the HR manager finally called my name, my heart started beating faster. She led me into a meeting room where two other people were waiting: the department manager and a team leader.

The interview began with simple questions about my previous job. I had prepared for those, so I answered clearly. I explained what responsibilities I had had and what projects I had worked on. I tried to smile and keep eye contact.

Then the manager asked, “Why did you leave your previous job?”

This question made me nervous. The thing is, I had left because of conflicts with my former boss. But I knew I shouldn’t speak negatively about past employers. So I took a deep breath and said, “I learned a lot there, but I felt that I had reached a point where I couldn’t grow professionally anymore. I’m looking for new challenges.”

They nodded, and I felt a little more relaxed.

Halfway through the interview, something unexpected happened.

The team leader switched to English and said, “Could you please tell us about a difficult situation at work and how you handled it?”

For a second, my mind went blank. I had practiced general questions in English, but not this one. I could feel the silence becoming uncomfortable.

Then I remembered a project that had gone wrong last year. While I was speaking, I focused on telling the story clearly instead of trying to sound perfect. I explained the problem, admitted my mistake, and described how I had worked extra hours to fix it. I also mentioned that if I face a similar situation again, I will communicate more with my team from the beginning.

While I was talking, I noticed that they were listening carefully. They even smiled when I described the final result. We had managed to finish the project successfully, and the client had stayed with the company.

When I finished, the team leader said, “Thank you. That was a very honest answer.”

Honestly, that small comment meant a lot to me.

At the end of the interview, they asked if I had any questions. I knew this was important. Instead of saying “No,” I asked about the team, the company culture, and future projects. The conversation became more natural, almost friendly.

When I left the building, I felt exhausted but proud. I didn’t know if I would get the job, but I knew I had done my best. I hadn’t been perfect, but I had been honest and professional.

Three days later, I received a phone call. When I saw the company’s number on my screen, I was too nervous to answer immediately. I took a deep breath and picked up.

“We would like to offer you the position,” the HR manager said.

For a moment, I couldn’t speak. Then I thanked her and said that I was happy to accept.

After the call, I sat quietly and thought about everything that had happened. If I had let my fears control me, I might have refused to speak English during the interview. If I had complained about my previous boss, they might have doubted my professionalism.

That interview taught me something important: confidence doesn’t mean being perfect. It means being prepared, staying calm, and trusting yourself even when you feel nervous.

Since that day, I have had many other interviews and meetings. I still get nervous sometimes. But now I know that if I prepare well and stay honest, I can handle almost any question.

Ключевые слова

job interview — собеседование

I had my first job interview at an international company.

to lose hope — терять надежду

I had almost started to lose hope.

to prepare seriously — серьёзно готовиться

I decided to prepare seriously for the interview.

to feel nervous — нервничать

I felt nervous before answering in English.

to handle a situation — справиться с ситуацией

I explained how I handled a difficult situation.

to admit a mistake — признать ошибку

I admitted my mistake during the project.

confidence — уверенность

Confidence doesn’t mean being perfect.

to stay calm — сохранять спокойствие

I tried to stay calm during the interview.

challenge — вызов

I was looking for new challenges.

to accept an offer — принять предложение

I was happy to accept the offer.

professional growth — профессиональный рост

I wanted more professional growth.

to compare yourself to someone — сравнивать себя с кем-то

I compared myself to the other candidate.

План пересказа (Retelling Plan)

Looking for a job

How long had I been searching? Why was this interview so important for me?

Preparation and doubts

How did I prepare? What negative thoughts did I have?

The interview begins

Who was present? What questions did they ask at first?

The unexpected English question

Why was it difficult? How did I handle the situation?

The final part and the result

What questions did I ask? How did I feel after the interview? What was the final decision?

The lesson learned

What did this experience teach me about confidence and preparation?

Пример пересказа

The story is about a person who had been looking for a job for several months and had almost started to lose hope. Finally, he was invited to a job interview at an international company, which was very important for his professional growth.

He decided to prepare seriously. However, he still felt nervous and kept comparing himself to another candidate. During the interview, he answered questions about his previous experience and explained that he was looking for new challenges.

The most difficult moment came when the interviewer asked him a question in English about a difficult situation at work. At first, he felt stressed, but then he focused and described how he had handled the problem. He admitted a mistake and explained what he had learned from it.

At the end, he asked questions about the company and tried to stay calm. A few days later, he received a phone call and was offered the job. He happily accepted the offer.

The main lesson of the story is that confidence is not about being perfect. It is about preparation, honesty, and the ability to handle difficult situations.

Твоя очередь

Теперь перескажи текст своими словами:

Используй план пересказа.

Включи минимум 6–8 ключевых слов.

Говори 2–3 минуты.

Совет: запиши себя на диктофон.

После этого ответь себе на вопросы:

Был ли пересказ логичным?

Использовал(а) ли ты связующие слова (however, then, after that, finally)?

Звучал (а) ли ты уверенно?

An Unexpected Guest

Text

It was a quiet Sunday evening, and I was finally enjoying some peace. I had been working the whole week, and honestly, I was exhausted. I had just made myself a cup of tea and was planning to watch a film when someone knocked on the door.

At first, I thought I had imagined it. The thing is, I wasn’t expecting anyone. My friends usually called before visiting, and my family lived in another city. I stood still for a moment, listening. Then the knock came again, louder this time.

While I was walking toward the door, I was trying to think who it might be. Maybe a neighbor? Maybe someone had the wrong address?

When I opened the door, I was completely surprised. In front of me stood my cousin Alex, whom I hadn’t seen for almost five years.

“Surprise!” he said, smiling widely.

For a few seconds, I couldn’t say anything. Alex had always been spontaneous, but this was too much even for him.

“What are you doing here?” I finally asked.

“I was traveling for work, and I realized I was close to your city,” he explained. “I thought, if I don’t visit now, I might regret it.”

Honestly, I didn’t know how to react. On the one hand, I was happy to see him. We had grown up together and had shared many childhood memories. On the other hand, I was tired and not ready for guests. My apartment was a mess, and I had planned a quiet evening alone.

But I couldn’t just close the door.

“Come in,” I said, forcing a smile.

While he was taking off his jacket, I quickly looked around the living room. Books were lying on the sofa, and there were dishes in the sink. Unfortunately, I hadn’t cleaned anything that day.

“Sorry for the mess,” I said.

“Don’t worry,” Alex replied. “Actually, I was hoping you hadn’t changed.”

We sat down in the kitchen, and I made another cup of tea. At first, the conversation felt a bit awkward. Five years is a long time. People change. Lives change.

He told me that he had changed jobs several times. He had been living abroad for two years and had recently returned. While he was talking, I realized that he seemed different — more serious, maybe even a little tired.

At some point, he stopped smiling and looked at me carefully.

“Can I be honest?” he asked.

“Of course,” I said.

“The thing is, I didn’t come here only to surprise you.”

I felt my stomach tighten.

He explained that he had lost his job a month ago. He hadn’t told anyone in the family because he didn’t want to worry them. He had been looking for a new position, but things weren’t going well. He was traveling around the country, attending interviews.

“And I was wondering…” he continued slowly, “if I could stay here for a few days. Just until my next interview.”

For a moment, I didn’t know what to say. My apartment was small. I lived alone and enjoyed my personal space. If he stayed, my routine would change completely. I would have to wake up earlier, share my kitchen, maybe even adjust my work schedule.

At the same time, I remembered how we had supported each other as children. If I were in his situation, I would hope someone could help me.

“I don’t want to cause problems,” he added quickly. “If you say no, I’ll understand.”

I took a deep breath.

“You can stay,” I said. “But only if you promise to help with cooking.”

He laughed — a real, honest laugh — and for the first time that evening, I felt relaxed.

The next few days were different from what I had expected. While I was working from home, Alex was preparing for his interviews. Sometimes we were sitting in the same room, both focused on our laptops. Other times, we were talking about life, relationships, and our plans for the future.

One evening, while we were cooking dinner together, he said, “Honestly, I was afraid you would refuse.”

“I was thinking about it,” I admitted. “I like being alone.”

“I know,” he smiled. “But if you ever need help, I’ll be there.”

A week later, he had his final interview in our city. I could see how nervous he was. Before he left, I said, “If you stay calm and just be yourself, you’ll do great.”

That evening, he came back with good news. He had received a job offer.

We celebrated with pizza and music, just like we used to when we were teenagers.

When he finally left my apartment two days later, it felt strangely quiet again. I had been looking forward to having my space back. But now that he was gone, I realized something important.

Sometimes we think an unexpected guest is a problem. It interrupts our plans and disturbs our comfort. But actually, it might bring something we didn’t know we needed — connection, support, or even a reminder of who we used to be.

If Alex hadn’t knocked on my door that evening, we might have continued living our separate lives. Instead, we rebuilt our relationship.

Now, whenever someone knocks unexpectedly, I don’t feel annoyed anymore.

I feel curious.

Ключевые слова

unexpected guest — неожиданный гость

I wasn’t ready for an unexpected guest.

to feel exhausted — чувствовать себя измотанным

I had been working all week and felt exhausted.

to react — реагировать

I didn’t know how to react.

awkward — неловкий

The conversation felt awkward at first.

to lose a job — потерять работу

He had lost his job a month before.

to cause problems — создавать проблемы

I don’t want to cause problems.

personal space — личное пространство

I enjoy my personal space.

to support someone — поддерживать кого-то

We used to support each other.

to stay calm — сохранять спокойствие

If you stay calm, you’ll do well.

job offer — предложение о работе

He received a job offer.

to rebuild a relationship — восстановить отношения

We rebuilt our relationship.

to interrupt plans — нарушать планы

An unexpected visit can interrupt your plans.

План пересказа (Retelling Plan)

A quiet evening

What was I planning to do? How did I feel before the knock on the door?

The surprise

Who was the unexpected guest? Why was I confused?

The real reason for the visit

What problem did my cousin have? What did he ask me?

The difficult decision

Why was it hard to let him stay? What helped me decide?

Life together for a few days

How did our relationship change? What important conversations did we have?

The result and the lesson

What happened after his interview? What did I learn from this experience?

Пример пересказа

The story is about a person who was spending a quiet Sunday evening at home when an unexpected guest arrived. It was his cousin, whom he hadn’t seen for five years. At first, he didn’t know how to react because he felt exhausted and wasn’t ready for visitors.

Later, the cousin explained that he had lost his job and was traveling for interviews. He asked if he could stay for a few days. This request created a difficult situation because the main character valued his personal space and didn’t want to change his routine. However, he decided to support his cousin.

At the beginning, their communication felt awkward, but gradually they started talking more openly and rebuilding their relationship. They spent time together, cooked meals, and discussed their lives.

Finally, the cousin received a job offer and moved to a new place. After he left, the apartment felt quiet again, but the main character understood that the unexpected visit had been important. It helped them reconnect and support each other.

The lesson is that sometimes an unexpected guest may interrupt your plans but also bring something positive into your life.

Твоя очередь

Теперь перескажи историю своими словами:

Используй план пересказа.

Включи 6–8 ключевых слов.

Говори 2–3 минуты.

A Difficult Choice

Text

I had always believed that I was good at making decisions. I was the kind of person who made lists, compared options, and followed logic. But last year, I faced a situation where logic wasn’t enough.

It all started when I received two emails on the same day.

The first one was from a large international company. I had applied for a position there months before and had already forgotten about it. They offered me a well-paid job in another city. If I accepted it, I would move to the capital, earn more money, and probably grow professionally much faster.

The second email was from a small local organization where I had been volunteering. They couldn’t offer a high salary, but they invited me to join their team full-time. The job was meaningful. We were working on educational projects for teenagers from difficult backgrounds.

Honestly, I didn’t expect both opportunities to appear at the same time.

While I was reading the emails again and again, I felt my heart beating faster. It seemed like a perfect situation — two job offers. But the thing is, I could choose only one.

If I chose the international company, I would improve my career and lifestyle. I could rent a better apartment, travel more, and save money. My parents would be proud of me.

If I chose the local organization, I might earn less, but I would wake up every morning knowing that my work helped someone directly.

For seve